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1、精品资料欢迎下载被动语态一、基本概念语态 是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种： 主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。二、基本分类（使用被动语态的情况）不知道 ：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。没必要： Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天 8 小时睡眠必须得到保证。需强调： Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the w
2、orld. 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。三、用法详解1、构成： be+ 动词过去分词be + done am/is/are was/were am/is/are + being was/were + beingwill/be going to + be have/has /had + been can/must/may/need be to be 学习内容done 被动被动be在动 ：反映时态变化过去分词表被动， 是被动语态的标志。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 5 页精品资料欢迎下载2、解题步骤1）第一步：判断正确的被动
3、结构：be + done 2）第二步：根据时间状语判断时态，选出正确答案。【小试牛刀】1. Today, computers are really helpful. They _ everywhere. A. use B. are used C. used D. were used 2. Many accidents _ by careless drivers last years. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause 3. The road _ last year. A. builds B. built C. w
4、as built D. is built 答案： BBC 3、五项注意1）不及物动词无被动语态：无宾语何来被动What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2）变被动还原to：四看三使两听一感觉A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy
5、work. 时态主动语态被动语态例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/ does am/is/are done We clean the classroom. The classroom is cleaned by us. 一般过去时did was/were done He made the kite. The kite was made by him. 一般将来时will/shall/be going to do will/shall/be going to be done They will plat trees tomorrow. Trees will be planted by them
6、 tomorrow. 现在完成时have/has done have/has been done Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim. 情态动词can/may/must do can/may/must be done Ican find him. He can be found by me. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 5 页精品资料欢迎下载The little boy was made to do heavy work by th
7、e boss. 3）双宾变被动： 直宾（物）作主语需加介词He gave me a book. A book was given to me by him.My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father.4）短语是整体： 勿忘介词或副词We cant laugh at him. He can t be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.5）复
8、合宾语变被动：宾语变主语，宾补成主补I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. Jane was heard playing the piano in her room. 4、主动表被动1）need, want, require（要求，需要）/ deserve(应得，值得 ), be worth 值得）The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。These young seedlings will require/need look
9、ing after 这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).你的头发该剪了。2）感官系动词： look, sound, taste, feel, smell Uniforms look ugly on us. 我们穿着制服很难看。Moon cakes taste delicious. 月饼尝起来很好吃。3）sell, wash, write, read, clean, cook, break, catch, drive, lock, open 等词作不及物动词时，主语为物。它们被用来描述主语特征，通常与well,
10、 easily 等副词连用。This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种钢笔写起来很流畅。This kind of skirt sells well here. 这种样式的衬衫在这卖得很好。This kind of cloth washes well. 这种布料很容易清洗。1. The mountain _ _ with snow all year round, so it s hard to climb it.综合题库精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 5 页精品资料欢迎下载A. co
11、vered B. was covered C. is covered D. covers 2. Look! We cant cross the bridge. It _by some workers. A. repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. is repairing 3. Waste paper _ everywhere. It s our duty to keep the school clean.A. throws B. are thrown C. shouldn t be thrown D. should be thrown 4
12、.The boss made him work 14 hours a day. That means, he _ work 14 hours a day. A. was made B. made C. was making D. was made to 5.Have you finished your fashion design? Not yet. I ll finish it if I _ ten more minutes. A. am given B. give C. will give D. will be given 6.The sick girl _ to hospital by
13、her mother yesterday. A. is taken B. takes C. took D. was taken 7.Many accidents _by careless drivers last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause 8.Driving after drinking wine _in China. A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed 9. Soft drinks_ to children for
14、free in some restaurants on Childrens Day. A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered 10. In many places in China, the old over 90 not only by their family but also by the government.A. is taking good care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care 11.
15、 - Did you go to Jim s birthday party？-No, I _ . A. haven t invited B. didn t inviteC. am not invited D. wasn t invited12. At last the boy was made and began to laugh. A. stop crying B. to stop to cry C. to stop crying D. stop to cry 13. Do you know Lucy s grandma? Of course. She is a kind woman, bu
16、t she has _ for about a month since she in the accident. A. been dead; was killed B. died; was killed C. been dead; killed D. died; killed 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 5 页精品资料欢迎下载14.Today a lot of information can _ online. A. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving
17、 15 He likes reading very much Most of his money _ on booksAis spent Bspend Cspends Dare spent 16. When should I hand in my paper? Your paper must _as soon as the bell_ _ . A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in rings 17. In the past the children were made
18、 _15 hours a day. A. worked B. work C. to work D. working 18. China has offered much help to Japan since it _ by the earthquake and tsunami （海啸）A. hits B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit 19. How often do I need to feed the bird? They _ food every day, or they will be hungry. A. must give B. mustn t giveC. must be given D. mustn t be give20.As everyone knows, rubbish _ everywhere. A. need be thrown B. mustn t be thrown C. can t throw D. may throw答案： 1-5 CCCDA 5-10 DBDCB 11-15 DCABA 16-20 DCCCB 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 5 页