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1、2023人教版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习高考题型组合规范练8必修第三册UNIT 4阅读题组练速度(35 mins)I .阅读AThe Book ListBest boss.chosen by Elizabeth KolbertElizabeth Kolbert s new book,Under a While explores climate engineering and other bids to address humanity, s impact on nature.Below,the Pulitzer winning author of The Sixth Extinction
2、recommends several other books.Encounters with the Archdruid by John McPhee (1971)McPhee s vivid portrait of David Brower,the California mountaineer considered by many to be the “father“ of the modern environmental movement,is a classic.lt in the process poses one of the central questions of our tim
3、e:Can a developed,technological society coexist with nature,or are the two contradictory?Spillover:Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic by David Quammen (2012)For understanding how our behavior towards animals,both domesticated and wild,made the pandemics-inevitable,there s no better guide.
4、The Alchemy of Us:How Humans and Matter Transformed One Another by Ainissa Ramirez (2020)Ramirez,a materials scientist,argues that with our technologies we have transformed not just the world around us but also ourselves.lt s a fascinating idea,and Ramirez makes it come alive through the stories of
5、inventors,some well-known,others underappreciated.A Friend of the Earth by T.C.Boyle (2000)Fiction about ecological disaster tends to be written in a tragic key.Boyle,by contrast,favors the darkly comic.In this novel,set in 2025,an aging environmentalist is caring for a pop star s Noah s Ark-like an
6、imal shelter when a real flood arrives.1 .What do these books have in common?A.They are all collections of short stories.B.They are all about people and the planet.C.They all focus on the effects of animals.D.They all introduce the most influential people.2 . What kind of book is A Friend of the Ear
7、thsA.A science fiction. B.A tragedy.C.A mystery novel. D.A comedy.3 . Whose book tells about the improper treatment of animals?A.Elizabeth Kolbert. B.John McPhee.C.David Quammen. D.Ainissa Ramirez.BWhile I was growing up,I often heard my teachers say,Oh,Tina is gifted in algebra., While watching the
8、 Olympics,my parents would say,These gymnasts are born with such ability. Statements like these made me believe people were born with certain talents and if they didn t have a particular one at birth,then they never would.Therefore,! rarely focused on algebra.Nobody told me that if you keep trying a
9、nd trying,one day a difficult task will seem easy.Actually,! learnt this from my young daughter,Samaya.One day,I was finishing some paperwork and I said/Oh no,how could I have made that mistake? Samaya instantly said,“Mum,don t worry.Mistakes make your brain grow bigger.”Actually,we all need to be r
10、eminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and that they are a huge part of growth and success.However,the regular belief is the opposite.We must correct this with our children.We must encourage them to make mistakes because that means they are trying out new ideas.Billionaire Sara Blakely,foun
11、der of the shapewear business Spanx,has seen many failures.She made a living by selling fax machines for seven years.Knocking on many doors and making a lot of mistakes was a journey she calls educational.Sara Blakely owes her risk-taking skills to the weekend talk she had with her father.As a child
12、,her father would ask her the same question every weekend.What did you fail at this week,Sara?” He did not care how high her scores were.He wanted to know what she had tried but failed at.When she told him about her failures and mistakes,he would give her a high five.He was reprogramming her mind to
13、 believe that mistakes and failures are fine.So go ahead and ask yourself and your children,“What did we fail at this week?”.What discouraged the author from efforts in algebra?A.She wasn t interested in it.B.She thought she was not gifted.C.She thought it was useless.D.She was not allowed to learn
14、it.4 .What does the underlined word this” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Keep trying is necessary.B.Failure is a path to success.C. Mi stakes are not acceptable.D.Encouragement is significant.5 .Why did Sara, s father keep asking her the same question? A.To rebuild her mindset.B.To keep her from failures
15、.C.To know what she hadn t tried.D.To prevent her getting high scores. 7.What would be the best title for the text? A.A Secret to SuccessB.A Method of Education C.The Magic of Mistakes D.The Power of a Fixed MindsetCChina has just officially opened its FAST radio telescope to international scientist
16、s.Scientists across the world can submit proposals for astronomical observations using the telescope.FAST is short for Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope （球面射电望远镜）and it is also believed to be the world s largest radio telescope and the most sensitive single-dish radio telescope.The rec
17、eiving surface area of FAST is 250,000 square meters,about the size of 30 standard football fields.Its construction was completed in September 2016 and it officially began operating in January 2020.The major scientific task of the telescope is the observation of pulsars （脉7巾星）一the rotating neutron s
18、tars.The study of pulsars can help to confirm the existence of gravitational radiation and black holes,and help solve many other major questions in physics.Another scientific goal of FAST is to search for outer space civilization.The telescope is located in a naturally deep and round karst depressio
19、n in southwest China s Guizhou Province.The first advantage of the selected site is the altitude.The average altitude of Guizhou is about 1,100 meters,which maximizes the effectiveness of the observation equipment.Secondly,the radio telescope needs to have a “big pan to receive better signals.The hu
20、ge natural depression could reduce the amount of excavation （挖掘）and difficulty of construction.Moreover,the selected site in Guizhou is far away from cities,and has a small population,which reduces the interference （干扰）caused by wireless devices such as TVs,mobile phones and radios from human activi
21、ties.FAST has identified over 300 pulsars.Experts predict that the number could reach 1,000 in five years and that the telescope could locate and identify the first pulsar outside the Galaxy.With the opening-up to international scientists,China s FAST is expected to make more contribution to astrono
22、mical research in the future.8 .What do we know about FAST?A.It is opened to global scientists.B.It is a project under construction. C.It has provided service since 2016. D.It has found a pulsar outside the Galaxy.9 .What is the main task of FAST?A.To study black holes.B.To observe the pulsars.C.To
23、explore the sun.D.To seek space civilization.10 .What? s special about the selected site?A.It s close to urban areas.B.It reduces engineering amount.C.It possesses a shallow depression.D.It s at the highest altitude in China. ll.Which can be the best title for the text? A.Major Scientific Tasks of F
24、AST B.Ways to Select the Site for FAST C.Contributions FAST Has MadeD.Facts About FAST Radio TelescopeDAn afternoon nap （午 口垂）is one of the joys of life,although too much napping could signal all is not well.In some cultures,people will have a daily napthis is fine.The warning comes when people star
25、t sleeping during the daytime,when they did not sleep before.There is certainly a good reason to believe that daytime sleepinessas in the Alzheimer? s disease studycan be a marker of an underlying condition.For most people,napping during the day is mainly a sign that you are not getting enough sleep
26、 at night,says Dr.Neil Stanleys sleep expert.uIf you feel sleepy during the day,you should think about taking a nap.That is what the body needsit doesn t need to be kept awake with caffeine.lt needs sleep.9,The feeling we should notice is “sleepiness”,he saysflt s not tiredness,which could be more p
27、sychological and linked to stress.”So how do you nap well?The key thing,says Stanley,is how long your nap lasts.Choose either a 20-or 90-minute nap.When you fall asleep,you? 11 quickly go through the lighter stages of sleep into your first period of deep sleep. You don t want to wake up because that
28、 s when you wake and feel worse than you did before. Napping for 20 minutes means you will wake up before you go into deep sleep;napping for 90 minutes means you 11 complete a sleep cycle.Once you factor in the time it takes to fall asleep一Some people are better at napping than others but,“ says Sta
29、nley,，healthy adult will fall asleep in between 5 and 12 minutes.-you can set an alarm,allowing a 30-to 40-minute period for a short nap,and up to two hours for a longer one.A good time to nap is during the body s natural dip in the afternoon,between 2 p.m.and 4 p.m/You don t really want to be nappi
30、ng much past that because then you are going to be eating into your nighttime sleepStanley says.The point,he stresses,is to get good night-time sleep,which would ensure you probably don t need to nap at all.12 .What does an afternoon nap indicate for most people?A.Caffeine addiction.B.Psychological
31、stress.C.Insufficient night sleep.D.Potential physical illness.13 .What is the key to a good nap?A.Duration.B.Surroundings.C.Health.D.Stages.14 .What does the underlined word that in the last paragraph refer to?A.A 30-to 40-minute period.B.The time between 2 p.m.and 4 p.m.C.The time between 5 and 12
32、 minutes.D.A 20-to 90-minute period.15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Why to Phase a NapB.When to Take a Good NapC.What to Learn From a NapD.How to Have a Successful Napn.七选五It is so easy to get comfortable and stuck in our comfort zones.We know what we like;we know what
33、 to expect;we know where we 11 do well and we stay there.Outside of this zone are risks and fears.This works sometimes.However,while the zone outside of where we are comfortable might be scary and risky,it is also the area of growth. 23Over two days,we worked with the group and helped them see how t
34、hey were limitingthemselves,their lives and their careers by unknowingly staying with what they knew and where they were comfortable.We put them in awkward situations,asked them tough questions and helped them feel ill at ease until they got more comfortable with that. 4 At last they identified what
35、 they wanted was out of their comfort zones.I saw then,as I have seen so many times in my own life and in the lives of others,that there is so much possibility when we stretch and try.We may need to build up to it.We may need to gather support and encouragement. 5 But when we do,and when we reach be
36、yond where we usually comfortably stay,we find ourselves in a zone of opportunity.We find so much of what we want.Take at least two actions that put you outside of your comfort zones and get you closer to what you want.A.Opportunity zones are where dangers lie.B.So,we continue where we are with what
37、 we know.C.We may need to take steps to get closer to our goals.D.However,most people are used to staying in their comfort zones.E.It is our opportunity zone,with so much potential and possibility.F.We pushed them beyond where they were both physically and mentally.G.We once designed a program to pu
38、sh people to step out of their comfort zones.高考题型组合规范练8必修第三册UNIT 4阅读题组练速度1 .【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章是一个书单，介绍了五本书的主要内容等。1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段的explores climate engineering and other bids to address humanity s impact on nature”,第二段的“a developed,technological society coexist with nature”,第三段的“understanding how our beh
39、avior towards animals,both domesticated and wild”,第 四段的“with our technologies we have transformed not just the world around us but also ourselves”以及第五段的“an aging environmentalist is caring for a pop star, s Noah s Ark-like animal shelter when a real flood arrives可知,这些书的共同之处在于它们都是关 于人类和这个星球的。应选B项。2 .
40、D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Fiction about ecological disaster tends to be written in a tragic key.Boyle,by contrast,favors the darkly comic .”可知,A Friend of the Earth 是部 喜剧。3 .C 细节理解题。根据第三段的For understanding how our behavior towards animals,both domesticated and wild,made the pandemicsinevitable,there, s no be
41、tter guide.”可知,David Quammen的书讲述了对动物的不当对待。【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者借助自身经历和Sara Blakely的故事，讲述 了失败和犯错误的重要性。4 .B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Statements like these made me believe people were born with certain talents and if they didn t have a particular one at birth,then they never would.ThereforeJ rarely focused on algebr
42、a.可知，作者不认真学代数的原因是她觉得自己 不具备这方面的天赋。应选B项。5 .C 词义猜想题。根据第三段中的Actually,we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and that they are a huge part of growth and success.However,the regular belief is the opposite.We must correct this with our children.” 可知,this 指的是“犯错误是不 可以接受的这个观点，应选C项
43、。6 .A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的He wanted to know what she had tried but failedat.及“He was reprogramming her mind to believe that mistakes and failures are 行ne.“可 知,Sara父亲问她相同问题的原因是想重塑她面对失败和错误的态度，让她相信错误和失 败是可以接受的。7 .C 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的 “Actually, we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine an
44、d that they are a huge part of growth and success.”可知，作者借助 自 身 经历和Sara Blakely的故事，讲述了失败和犯错误的重要性。因此推断C项“错误的魔 力”为最正确标题。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国官方已正式向全世界科学家开放了天眼 天文观测工程，同时介绍了天眼的特色功能、选址和任务，另外还介绍了天眼已获得的成 绩及其前景。8 .A 细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知，中国刚刚正式向全世界科学家开放天眼;根据 第二段尾句可知,B项“正在建造”和C项“从2016年开始已经提供服务”均错误，天眼是 在2016年竣工，并于202
45、0年1月正式投入使用。根据最后一段第二句可知,D项“天眼 已发现银河系外的一个脉冲星”错误。1.8 细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，天眼的主要科学任务是对脉冲星的观测。1.9 B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的could reduce the amount of excavation（挖掘）and difficulty of construction”可知，选在此地可以减少挖掘和施工困难,即可以减少工程量。11 .D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述天眼对外国科学家的开放、特色功能、选址、任务 及成就，故本文是在讲述天眼的几个事实。故D项作为标题最合适。【破解长难句】FAST is short for F
46、ive-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope （球面 射电望远镜）and it is also believed to be the worldJ s largest radio telescope and the most sensitive single-dish radio telescope.分析】be short for是固定短语，意为“是的缩写”;it is believed to be是固定句型，意为“被认为是”。【译文】FAST 是 Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope 的
47、缩写，它也被认为是 世界上最大的射电望远镜和最敏感的单碟射电望远镜。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章谈论的是与午睡相关的问题,涉及午睡与健康的关 系、午睡的时间及时长等问题。12 .C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的For most people,napping during the day is mainly a sign that you are not getting enough sleep at night”可知，对于大局部人来说，午睡主要是由 晚上睡眠缺乏引起的。13 .A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The key thing,says Stanley,is how long your
48、nap lasts.”可知,一个好的午睡的关键是睡眠的持续时间。14 .B词义猜想题。根据语境可知此处that指的是时间，而且指的是刚刚提到的时间，结合上文中的A good time to nap is during the body, s natural dip in theafternoon,between 2 p.m.and 4 p.m.”可知，此处that指的是下午两点到四点之间的时间。15.D 主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知,本篇所谈论的是与午睡相关的问题，涉及午睡 与健康的关系、午睡时间及时长等问题，主要想讲述怎样才能好好午睡，因此D项较好 地概括了全文内容。II.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。舒适区会让我们感到舒服平安，不过舒适区之外虽有风 险但同时也充满了机会和可能性，所以试着走出舒适区,追求更大的进步吧。1.B 根据空前面的“我们知道我们喜欢什么,我们知道该期待什么，我们知道我们在哪 里会做得好并待在那里。舒适区之外是风险和恐惧”可知，舒适区让我们感觉非常舒服， 所以我们愿意继续待在舒适区，故B项符合语境。2 .E 空前面讲到了 “然而，虽然让我们感到舒适的区域外的区域可能是可怕和危险的，但 它也是我们成长的区域”,因此E项“它是我们的机会区域，有非常多的潜能和可能性”符 合语境。3 .G 本段主要讲到的是一个方案的具体