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1、2021年考研英语(一)真题及答案2021英语真题答案 2021年考研英语(一)真题Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as a bodily exercise precious to health. Bu
2、t some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical filness Laughter does short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels,heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to, a good laugh is unlikely to have benefits the way
3、, saywalking or jogging does., instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently acplishes the, studies dating back to the 第1页共32页 1930 s indicate that laughter, muscles,Such bodily reaction might conceivably help theeffects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of
4、 laughing probably does produce other types of feedback, that improve an individuaT s emotional state.one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted physical reactions. Itwas argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry they aresad but they bee sad when te tears b
5、egin to flow. Although sadness also tears, evidence suggests thatemotions can flow muscular responses. In anexperiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz.1. A amongB except C despite D like 2.A reflectB demand C indicate D produce 3.A stabilizingB boosting C impairing D determining 4. A tr
6、ansmitB sustain C evaluate D observe 5. A measurable 第2页共32页B manageable C affordable D renewable 6. A Inevery week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small
7、part of us hoped getting “ the 第18页共32页Rachel ” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston. 36. JenniferSenior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring A temporary delight B enjoyment in progress C happiness in retrospect D lasting reward 37. We learn from Paragraph2 th
8、at A celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip. B singlemothers with babies deserve greater attention. C news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining. D having children is highly valued by the public. 38. It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks A are constantly exposed to criti
9、cism. B are largely ignored by the media. C fail to fulfill their social responsibilities. D are less likely to be satisfied with their life. 39. According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is A soothing. B ambiguous.C pensatory. D misleading. 第19页共32页40. Which of the follo
10、wing can be inferred from the last paragraph? A Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms. B Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing. C Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life. D We sometimes neglect the happiness from child reari
11、ng. PartB Directions: The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. ForQuestions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers o
12、n ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) A No disciplines have seized onprofessionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. Youcan, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But第20页共32页the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine y
13、ears. Notsurprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees. B His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style:22% of American college graduates now major in busi
14、ness pared with only2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But most find it difficult to agree on what a general education ” should look like. AtH
15、arvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read ” -they form a sort of social glue. CEqually unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. Thereare simply too few posts. This第21页共32页is partly because universities con
16、tinue to produce ever more PhDs. Butfewer students want to study humanities subjects:English departments awarded more bachelor s degrees in 1970-71 than they did20 years later. Fewerstudents requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing, many humanities students leave the pro
17、fession to do something for which they have not been trained. DOne reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schoo
18、ls. Many students experience both varieties. Althoughmore than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification. E 第22页共32页Besides professionalizing the prof
19、essions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960and1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professio
20、nalismhas turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as1969a third of American professors did not possess one.Butthe key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “the knowledge and skills needed for a particular special
21、ization are transmissible but not transferable. So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge. F The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of 第23页共3
22、2页 knowledge are produced. Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and criticize. Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to bee less exclusionary and more holistic. Yet quite how that happens,
23、Mr Menand dose not say. G The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening i
24、n American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully. G f 41. f 42.E f43. 44.一45.Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Yourtranslation should be written carefully on ANS
25、WER SHEET第24页共32页 2. (10points) With its theme that “ Mind is the master weaver, “ creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of selfhelp writing. (46)Allen s contribution was to take an assumption we
26、 all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature. Becausemost of us believe that mind is separate from matter; we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed
27、that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ” Since desire and will
28、are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : We do not attract what we want, but what we are. Achievement happens because you as a 第25页共32页person embody the external achievement; you don t “ get ” success but bee it. Thereis no gap between mind and matter
29、. Partof the fame of Allen s book is its contention thatu Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him. ” (48) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom. Thi
30、s,however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Eachset of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. Infat, (49) circumstances seem to be designed
31、to bringout the best in us and if we feel that we have beenu wronged then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation . Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person s early life and its 第26页共32页conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual. Thesobering aspec
32、t of Allen s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves. (50)The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we bee authorities of what is possible. SectionIII Wr
33、iting Part A 51. Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours toremend one of your favorite movies and1) give reasons for your remendation Your should write about100 words on ANSWER SHEET2 Do not sign your own name at the end of the leter. User“LI MING” instead. Donot writer the address. (10 point
34、s) Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of160200 words based on the following drawing. In第27页共32页your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,explain it s intended meaning, and 3) give your merits. Yourshould write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)2021年考研英语(一)真题参考答案无恒恋花发表于2021- 01-16182次阅
35、读1-5, ACDBA 6-10 CADCB 11-15 BCACA16-20 BCADB21-25 DBCAA26-30 CCBDB 31-35 CCBDB 36-40 CBCCC 41-45 BDCAE 翻 译：46、艾伦的贡献在于提供了我们能分担和揭示错误性质的假 设-因为我们不是机器人，因此我们能够控制我们的理想。 47、我们可以单独通过意识维持控制的感觉，但实际上我们 一直面临着一个问题，为什么我不能完成这事情或那事情。 48、这似乎可能为必要时的忽视正名，也能合理说明剥削， 以及在顶层的人的优越感及处于后层人们的劣势感。 第28页共32页49、环境似乎是为了挑选出我们的强者，而且如
36、果我们感觉 受了委屈，那么我们就不可能有意识的做出努力逃离我们原来的 处境。50、正面在于我们处于这样的位置，知道所有事情都取决与 我们自己，之前我们对着一系列的限制，而现在我们成了权威。 51.Directions: Write a letter to a friend of yours to 1) remend one of your favorite movies and 2) give reasons for your remendation. You should write about100 words on ANSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own
37、name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (lOpoints)小作文范文： Dear friends: Recently a lot of new movies, you concern? I recently saw a movie is especially suitable for you. Its name is u If You Are The One First of all it has very powerful cast. Storylineis very ti
38、ght. Characters7 language is classic and thought-provoking. But,I most like it because it s morals. Dear 第29页共32页 friends, do you to love the understanding of what? Love is romantic, is costly, is simple, or plain? I think in this movie can be reflected. Perhaps now we still canf t clear love, but l
39、ove is already brimming with our lives, is a part of life. I want to watch the movie, we can understand a lot. Dear friends, do you also see this movie, remember to write and tell me how you feel. Miss you! 52、 Direction Write an essay of 160-200words based on the following drawing . In your essay,
40、you should1) describe the drawing brieflyexplain its intended measing and 3) give your merits You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20points) 大作文范文：Our surroundings are being polluted fast and man s present efforts can not prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring
41、us more industry, more cars, larger cities and the growing use of man-made materials. What 第30页共32页 can explain and solve this problem? The fact is that pollution is caused by man - by his desire for a modern way of life. We make increasing industrialization u our chief aim.So we are often ready to
42、offer everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of our modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, pollution h
43、as bee a serious problem. Isnz t it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going- and why? It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker, I ve some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we re making rapid progress at 530 mile
44、s per hour. The bad news is that we re lost and donf t know where we re going.The sad fact is that this bees a true story when speaking of our modern society. In 第31页共32页 my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully reali
45、ze the importance of environmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punis
46、hed. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves第32页共32页turn B In fact C In addition D In briefA opposite7 impossible C average D expected 8.A hardensweakens C tightens D relaxes 9. A aggravate8 generate C moderate D enhanceA physical8 mental C subconsciou
47、s D internalA Exceptfor B According to C Due to D As forA withB on C in D atA unlessB until C if D becauseA exhausts8 follows C precedes D suppressesA into8 from C towards D beyondA fetch8 bite C pick D holdA disappointed8 excited C joyful D indifferent第3页共32页10. A adaptedcatered C turned D reacted1
48、1. A suggestingrequiring C mentioning D supposing12. A Eventually B Consequently C SimilarlyD Conversely Section II Reading prehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40points) Text1 The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment