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1、高三英语模拟试题(十)解析版第一部分阅读 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。If youre looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard?What is a Hoverboard?关于)A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. Ifs electrical, 1 portable
2、便携的,方便的 and became highly popular in 2015in reference to(对于, a popular 1980 movie. Typically,(通常,典型地,有代表性地)this self-balancing device operates like a powered (电动的,由.驱动的) skateboard.How Does a Hoverboard Work?The device may have many designs, but the mechanism (机械装置)itself isnt complicated复杂的难懂的.Basi
3、cally, a standard hoverboard contains: Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion (锂电子) battery. Gyroscope陀螺仪(one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜)the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction. Motor (one in each wheel)
4、: provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright .直立垂直 Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data-your speed, tilt, etc.一and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.All the above compo
5、nents (成分, 部件)work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed.Why Buy a Hoverboard?Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. Youve probably seen kids riding one around the house. Theyre a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So
6、, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend?Where is a hoverboard legal?Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions a
7、nd public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the devices and restricted (限制, 限定) their use to bike paths. However, open areas-including your yard-are free of these restrictions.1 . Thelogic board ofahoverboardcan .A. st
8、ore electricityB. power thewheels. “活动目的”表达还是很汉式。Aimed to do./with the purpose of doing develop/increase the awareness of protecting.2 . “活动内容”无话可说,导致字数少。3 .没有提及“时间地点”,漏要点。This/Last week/Sunday.主时态的问题。4 .看看范文中是怎样巧妙地表达“时间地点”的,另外“活动内容”应该是这封信的主 体部分,看看都提到了哪些活动。Dear Jack,As this years Earth Day approache
9、d, a series of activities was held A my school. I amwriting to shaie them with you.Last Monday, a poster was put up on the wall calling on us to protect the earth. OnTuesday, my classmates collected some used bottles and paper boxes and made them into useful items. After school, we went to our commu
10、nity, where we told the citizens how to reduce emissions and save energy. Finally, we held an English speech contest, appealing to the students to recycle used items to make the earth a better place.Do you find such activities interesting? Looking forward to your reply.第二节续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落
11、开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应 为150左右。My mother used to ask me what is the most important part of the body. Through the years I would guess at what I thought was the correct answer.When I was younger, I thought sound was very important to us as humans, so I said, HMy ears, Mommy/ She said, No. Many peop
12、le are deaf. But you keep thinking about it and I will ask you again soon.”Several years passed before she asked me again. Since making my first attempt, I had contemplated the correct answer. So this time I told her, Mommy, sight is very important to everybody, so it must be our eyes.”She looked at
13、 me and told me, You are learning fast, but the answer is not correct because there are many people who are blind.Over the years, Mother asked me a couple more times and always her answer was, No, but you are getting smarter every year, my child.”Then last year, my Grandpa died. Everybody was hurt.
14、Everybody was crying. My Mom looked at me when it was our turn to say our final good-bye to Grandpa. She asked me, Do you know the most important body part yet, my dear?HI was shocked when she asked me this now. I always thought this was a game between her and me. She saw the confusion on my face an
15、d told meThis question is very important. It shows that you have really lived your life. I saw her eyes well up with tears.ParalShe said, “My dear, the most important body part is your shoulder. Para2“Mom, I understand. And you can cry on my shoulder tooThe story:My mother asked me what was the most
16、 important part of the body. Through the years I would get the correct answer. This question had been bothering me for many years until the day when my Grandpa died.She said, nMy dear, the most important body part is your shoulder.n Puzzled, I asked, nIs it because it holds up your head? She replied
17、, nNo, it is because it can hold the head of a friend or loved one when they cry. Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometime in life, my dear. I only hope that you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it.”“Mom, I understand. And you can cry on my shou
18、lder too. And silently, my mother put her head on my shoulder and started to cry. It was not heavy at all, and the wetness didnt make me uncomfortable either. In fact, when her warm tears soaked my shoulder, I felt the pain in her heart, and I knew how hurt and lonely and vulnerable she was at that
19、moment. I felt important. I felt like a man. I was there when someone I loved dearly needed me most. It was then I knew the most important body part is not a selfish one, but something that we can offer to give love, comfort and strength.C. send information to the riders D. receive data and give com
20、mand2. According to the passage, a hoverboard can beused.A. on campusB. in parks (19%看最后一段,细节需要再细心一些)C. on bike paths (75%)D. in shopping malls3. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To evaluate a gift, s quality. B. To recommend a gift choice.C. To compare new hoverboard models. D. To clarif
21、y functions of the latest hoverboards.BGrowing up, Deka Ismail says she let labels define (下定义,明确)what she could be.力 was a black girl, from a refugee (难民)family, Deka said. It was as if I was only allowed to explore in this predeteimined (根据前缀,猜猜词义?)box.”After a high school chemistry class inspired
22、 her to think about a career in science and gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of California, planning to become a professor.Bom and raised in San Diegos City H
23、eights neighbourhood, Deka is the daughter of a Somali refugee couple.While some might say Dekas success happened in spite of hei background, she would say differently, that her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven (奋发努力的, 发愤图强的),young scientist that she is today.(翻译下句子吧, 体会下用词和表
24、达)When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference toones life. She spent a lot of time in the library reading books, and didnt do many of the things her peers did,
25、like partying or having romantic relationships.“I always felt like I had to be the perfect girl fbr my family J Deka said. You have to not even (=even if) do your best but two times better than everyone else, I felt like the whole world was waiting for me to mess up(打乱)(即使你不必竭尽全力至少你也要比别人付出两倍的努力。我感到整
26、个世界都在等 着我去改变)(大家讨论理解下这个句子,看看还有更好的翻译没?)Dekas efforts paid off. The summer before her senior year of high school, she was accepted to the American Chemical Society Project SEED Programme. She brought both enthusiasm and fbcus J Botham, a researcher at this research institute, recalled. She arrived eve
27、ry day ready to work, ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”When asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves. “Dont tell yourself that scholarship is too big or this prog
28、ramme is too competitive or Ill never get into this school, “ she said. “I was not sure whether I could make it until I started seeing the acceptance letters rolling in.”From the passage, we canlearnthat.A. Deka was adopted by a refugee family B. Deka spent a lot of time going to partiesC. Deka beca
29、me a professor after graduation D. Dekas experiences drove her o work hard 5 . Deka realized the importanceofeducation.A. from hermotherexperienceB. after her chemistryclassC. by reading books inthelibraryD. through working at the instituteAccording to the last paragraph, Deka advised thatstudents b
30、e.A.patientB.confident C. ambitious D. generousWhat does the story intend to tellus?A. Life is not all roses.B. Practice makes perfect.C. Well begun is half done.D. Hard work leads to success.A group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder, red eyes looking around.(独立 主格结构)Th
31、ey look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps theyre not so different.A new study, . by Damien Farine, an ornithologist (鸟类学家) who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl (鹫珠鸡)of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel (多层次的) societies.(
32、分析下句子成分)In the past, scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower. But the pea-brained guineafowl are revealing the faults in that assumption.Theselargebirdswanderacrossthelandscapeinpacks, oftenwalkingsocloselythat theirbodiestouch. Theymayfighteachothertomaintaintheirstri
33、cthierarchies (等级制度),butatothertimestheyengagein (参力口,从 事, 忙于)friendlybehaviourslikesharingfood.Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society. For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg ba
34、nds in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart.They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day.The findings of the research suggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. Ther
35、e are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be groups of friends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society ic a bird.And Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular birds tiny brain size: “They dont only have small brains relativ
36、e to mammals ( 哺乳动物 ),they also have quite small brains relative to other birds J he said.Accordingtohimjivinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasierto keep track of the social order. For examplejf groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows wh
37、ich group its looking at-no need for a brain that can recognize every single animal.(第十题B,这句话是说这种鸟善于辨认同伴吗?)Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizesbased onwhatever challenges theyre facing. Depending onwhat eermies er resources are around,it might make sense to travel in a comb
38、ined group rather than a smallerone.“HavingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrainJ Dr.Farinesaid. There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as ourown.6. According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out
39、thestudy?A. The guineafowls social behaviour. B. Previous assumptions about birds.C. His interest in animal brainpower. D. The faults in earlier research.7. What is Paragraph 4 mainlyabout?A. Theresearch subjects.(主题,话题,科目)(19%) B. The researchmethods. (75%)C. Theresearchfindings.D. The researchequi
40、pment.8. What can be learned from the passage?A. Complex social systems can be a disadvantage to theguineafbwl.B. Theguineafowlaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup. (20% )C. Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups.D. Small-brained animals can form multilevelsocieties. (70%)9.
41、 What is the main purpose of thepassage?A. Tbpresent the findings of a study of theguineafowl. (64%)B. lb explain the interaction patterns in multilevel societies. (22%)(为了解释多层次社会的互动方式?文章主要围绕对于这种鸟的社会结构和行为的研究而展开, 所以该项丝毫未点到主题和中心)C. To introduce a new approach to observing theguineafowl.D. To uncover c
42、lues about how complex societies are formed.Dl.For several decades, there(be) an extensive(大规模的)and organized campaign which is intended(intend) to generate(产生)distrust in science, which is funded(fund) by those whose interests and ideologies(思想意识)arethreatened by the findings of modern science, tn
43、response scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things. ( be right about:(意见或判断)准确;确切;恰当)2.Stressing successes isnt wrong, but (文目艮)for many people its not persuasive=convincing. An alternative answer to the question “Why trust scien
44、ce?” is that scientists use the so-called(所谓的)scientific method, ifyou ve got a high school science textbook(lie) around, you11 probably find that answer in it. But what is typically thought to be the scientific method-develop a hypothesis ( 假设),then design an experiment to test it-isn,twhat scienti
45、sts actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found(do) many differentthings.1 .1f there is no identi告able(猜测词义)scientific method, then what is the reason for trust in science? The answer is how those claims are evaluated. The
46、 common element in modern science, regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used, is thestrictscrutiny(审查)ofclaims.If sthistough,sustainedprocessthatworkstomake sure faulty (猜测词 义)claims are rejected. A scientific claim is never accepted as true it has gone through a lengthy(
47、猜狈U词义)“peer review“ because the reviewers are experts in the same fieldwho haveboth theright and theobligation(责任)to find faults.4 .A key aspect of scientific judgment/claims is that it is done collectively (共同的;整体的).No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted (vet 的 名词词义? )by dozens, if not hun
48、dreds, of heads* In areas that have been contested, like climate science and vaccine safety, its thousands. This is why we are generally justified (做某事有正当理 由的)in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim. And this is why diversity in science-the mo
49、re people looking at a claim from different angles-is important.5 .Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising (revise:彳修订;彳修正) a claim on the basis of new evidence. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are always changing their minds. While examples