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1、国际商务合同中英文对照1 WhereasWhereas: considering that 鉴于，就而论（法律用语）例1Whereas the first Party is willing to employ the second Party and the second Party agrees to act as the first Partys Engineer in Bamako, it is hereby mutually agreed as follows:鉴于甲方愿意聘请乙方，乙方同意应聘为甲方在巴马科（工程）工程师，合同双方特此达成协议如下例 2Whereas Party B
2、and Party A have entered into this Contract to install Party As air-conditioning equipment, the Parties hereto do hereby agree as follows:Chinese version for reference:鉴于乙方与甲方订立本合同，安装甲方空气调节设备，双方同意如下：2 In Witness Whereof ❤1 Whereby：In Witness Whereof：作为所协议事项证据，这个短语常常在合同结尾条款中使用，可译为“特此立（证）裾”，“以此
3、立（证）据”等；In Testimony Whereof：以此为证，特立此证；Whereby: by the agreement; by the following terms and conditions, etc.凭此协议，凭此条款等。例 1In Witness Whereof the Parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed on the day and year first before written❤2 in accordance with their respective laws.本协议书由双
4、方根据各自法律签订，于上面所签订日期开始执行，特立此据。例 2In Testimony Whereof, we have hereto signed this document on _(day/month/year).我方于_年_月_日签署本文，特此证明。例 3A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object.买卖合同是出卖人转让标物所有权于买
5、受人， 买受人支付价款合同。3 Know All Men by These Presents;❤3 Undersigned; Now ThereforeUndersigned:❤4 Now Therefore:❤5 特此，因此等。这个短语一般接whereas 之后，引出具体协议事项常用开头词，并与其后hereby 连用，译“兹”，“特此”。例 1Know All Men by these presents that we_(banks name)_ having our registered office ❤6 at _ (hereina
6、fter called “the Bank”) will be bound unto❤7 _(the Owners name)_ (hereinafter called “the Owner”) in sum of _ for payment well and truly❤8 to be made to the said Owner, the Bank will bind itself, its successors and better assignee by these presents.根据本文件, 兹宣布, 我行, (银行名称), 其注册地点在 (注册地名)
7、 (以下称银行), 向 (业主名称) (以下称业主) 立约担保支付 (金额数) 保证金。本保证书对银行及其继承人和受让人均具有约束力例 2The undersigned Seller and Buyer have agreed to close❤9 the following transaction in accordance with the terms and conditions stipulated as follows:Chinese version for reference:兹经签约买卖双方同意，按下列条款，达成这笔交易。 例 3And Whereas we hav
8、e agreed to give the Contractor such Bank Guarantee❤10 ; Now Therefore we hereby affirm that we are the Guarantor and responsible to you, on behalf of the Contractor, up to a total of_(amount of guarantee) _(in words❤11 )_, such sum being payable in types and proportions of currencies&
9、#10084;12 in which the Contract is payable.本银行（或金融机构）已同意为承包人出具保证函，我们因此同意作为保证人，并代表承包人以支付合同价款所规定货币种类和比例，向你方担保总金额为 (大写) 保证金。4 Unless Otherwise❤13 This expression is more formal than “if not” and “otherwise”. 除非。例1： Unless otherwise specified❤14 in the Contract, the supplied Goods shall be
10、 packed by standard protective measures.除非合同另有规定，（卖方）提供全部货物， 均应按标准保护措施进行包装。例2 ：The Contractor shall not subcontract❤15 the whole of the Works. Except where otherwise❤16 provided by the Contract, the Contractor shall not subcontract any part of the Works without the prior consent of the
11、 engineer.承包人不得将整个工程分包出去。除合同另有规定外无工程师事先同意，承包人不得将工程任何部分分包出去。例3 The Contractor shall, unless otherwise provided in the Contract, make his own arrangements for the engagement ❤17 of all staff and labor❤18 , local or other, and for their payment, housing, feeding and transport.除非合同另有规定，承包人
12、应自行安排从当地或其他地方雇用所有职员和劳务人员，以及他们报酬、住房、膳食和交通。 In Accordance with; Under; Pursuant to❤19 In Accordance with; Under; Pursuant to 根据，按照。比according to 正式例1 “Permanent Works” means the permanent works to be executed❤20 ” (including Plant) in accordance with the Contract.Chinese version for refe
13、rence:“永久工程”是根据合同将实施永久工程（包括机械设备）。例2 Neither the Consultants nor their Sub-consultants nor the Personnel of either of them shall, either directly or indirectly, engage in such business or professional activities in China as conflict with the activities assigned to them under this Contract.咨询人，分包咨询人或两
14、类人员，均不能直接或间接地在中国从事与本合同所赋予活动相冲突商业或职业活动。例3 “Retention Money❤21 ” means the aggregate of all monies❤22 retained by the Employer pursuant to Sub-Clause 60.2(a).“保留金”是指业主根据第60.2（a）款规定留存所有款项总额。 In Respect of; In Respect Thereof❤23 涉及，至于，在方面，比about, concerning, as regards正式。例1 Prior to
15、 making a claim under the performance security❤24 , the Employer shall, in every case, notify the Contractor stating the nature of the default in respect of which the claim is to be made.Chinese version for reference:根据履约保证，提出索赔之前，在任何情况下，业主应通知承包人，针对提出索赔说明违约性质。例2 The Employer shall indemnify t
16、he Contractor against❤25 all claims, proceedings, damages, costs, charges and expenses in respect of the matters (referred to in the exceptions) defined in Sub-Clause 22.2.业主应保障承包人免除承担属于第22.2款规定情况下所有索赔，诉讼，损害，诉讼费，指控费及其他开支。例3 The Employer shall not be liable to the Contractor for any matter or
17、thing arising out of or in connection with the Contract or execution of the Works, unless the Contractor shall have included a claim in respect thereof in his Final Statement❤26 and in the Statement at Completion❤27 referred to in Sub-Clause 60.5.除非承包人在其最终报表中以及在第60.5款提及竣工报表中已经包括索赔事宜，对由
18、合同及工程实施引起或与之有关任何问题和事件，雇主不应对承包人负有责任。 In the Event That; In the Event of❤28 例1In the event that the Contract Price or any other terms of the Contract changes after the issuance of the Letter of Credit ❤29 (or letter of Guarantee❤30 ) the Owner❤31 shall arrange for such Lett
19、er to be amended accordingly as soon as possible after any such change.如果在信用证（或保函）开出后，合同总价或合同其他条款发生变化，业主应尽快安排对信用证（或保函）进行相应修改。例2 Either Party hereto may terminate this Agreement in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of the other party. 本协议任何一方可以在对方破产或资不抵债情况下终止本协议。 8 Provided that❤32 例1
20、Instructions given by the Engineer shall be in writing, provided that if for any reason the Engineer considers it necessary to give any such instruction orally, the contractor shall comply with such instruction. Chinese version for reference:由工程师发出指令应为书面形式。但规定，如果由于某种原因，工程师认为有必要以口头形式发出指令，承包人应遵照执行。例2
21、The Owner may, at its discretion, approve or reject any change proposed by the Contractor, provided that the Owner shall approve any change proposed by the Contractor to ensure the safety of the Works.Notes: 1) at ones discretion: freedom to act in accordance with ones judgment Chinese version for r
22、eference:业主可赞成或拒绝由承包人提出变更，但应接受承包人提出保证工程安全方面变更建议。9 Be Deemed❤33 be believed, be considered. 被认为，法律文件中正式用语。例1 Only the Defects Liability❤34 Certificate referred to in Clause 62, shall be deemed to constitute approval of the Works.只有第62条规定缺陷责任书才能视为构成对工程批准。10 In Question❤35 “在考虑中或在议
23、论中”某一问题，可译为“这”或“该”问题。例1 All prices to be paid by the Buyer under its obligations of the buyback/counter-purchase Contract shall be the world market prices taking into account the other delivery terms❤36 for the goods in question.Chinese version for reference:买方根据返销或回购货物合同义务所支付价格应为世界市场价格，结合考虑该
24、货物其他交货条件。例2 It is common for Tenders to be identified by such a tender reference ❤37 or contract number as shall be added to link the Tender to the Project in question.通常为了把投标书和有关工程项目联系在一起，投标书应标明投标参考编号或合同号。11 In Case; In (the) Case of❤38 例1 In case Party B considers it necessary to emp
25、loy a foreign auditor registered in another country to undertake annual financial verification and examination, Party A shall give its consent. All the expenses thereof shall be borne by Party B.如果乙方认为需要聘请另一国注册审计师对年度财务进行审查，甲方应予以同意，其所需一切费用应由乙方负担。例2 In the case of carriage by sea or by more than one m
26、ode of transport including carriage by sea, banks will refuse a transport document stating that the goods are or will be loaded on deck, unless specially authorized in the credit.Chinese version for reference:如属海运或多种类型运输中包括海运，除非信用证特别授权，银行将拒受注明货装舱面或将装舱面运输单据。 11 Be Liable for; Be Liable to❤39 例
27、1 In case Party A and Party B of the joint venture company agree to continue the operation, the Party who fails to fulfill the obligations shall be liable for the economic losses thus caused to the joint venture company.Chinese version for reference:如果甲乙双方同意继续经营，违约方应赔偿合资公司经济损失。例2 A company may invest in other limited liability companies or companies limited by shares and be liable to the companies which it has invested in to the extent of the amount of capital invested in such companies. Chinese version for reference:公司可以向其他有限责任公司、股份有限公司投资，并以该出资额为限对投资公司承担责任