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1、国际商务合同中英文对照1WhereasWhereas:consideringthat鉴于，就而论法律用语例1WhereasthefirstPartyiswillingtoemploythesecondPartyandthesecondPartyagreestoactasthefirstPartysEngineerinBamako,itisherebymutuallyagreedasfollows:鉴于甲方愿意聘请乙方，乙方同意应聘为甲方在巴马科工程的工程师，合同双方特此达成协议如下例2WhereasPartyBandPartyAhaveenteredintothisContracttoinst
2、allPartyAsair-conditioningequipment,thePartiesheretodoherebyagreeasfollows:Chineseversionforreference:鉴于乙方与甲方订立本合同，安装甲方的空气调节设备，双方同意如下：2InWitnessWhereof1Whereby：InWitnessWhereof：作为所协议事项的证据，这个短语经常在合同结尾条款中使用，可译为“特此立证裾，“以此立证据等；InTestimonyWhereof：以此为证，特立此证；Whereby:bytheagreement;bythefollowingtermsandcon
3、ditions,etc.凭此协议，凭此条款等。例1InWitnessWhereofthePartiesheretohavecausedthisAgreementtobeexecutedonthedayandyearfirstbeforewritten2inaccordancewiththeirrespectivelaws.本协议书由双方根据各自的法律签订，于上面所签订的日期开场执行，特立此据。例2InTestimonyWhereof,wehaveheretosignedthisdocumenton_(day/month/year).我方于_年_月_日签署本文，特此证实。例3Asalescont
4、ractreferstoacontractwherebythesellertransferstheownershipofanobjecttothebuyerandthebuyerpaysthepricefortheobject.买卖合同是出卖人转让标的物的所有权于买受人，买受人支付价款的合同。3KnowAllMenbyThesePresents;3Undersigned;NowThereforeUndersigned:4NowTherefore:5特此，因而等。这个短语一般接whereas之后，引出详细协议事项的常用开始词，并与其后的hereby连用，译“兹，“特此。例1KnowAllMenb
5、ythesepresentsthatwe_(banksname)_havingourregisteredoffice6at_(hereinaftercalled“theBank)willbeboundunto7_(theOwnersname)_(hereinaftercalled“theOwner)insumof_forpaymentwellandtruly8tobemadetothesaidOwner,theBankwillbinditself,itssuccessorsandbetterassigneebythesepresents.根据本文件,兹公布,我行,(银行名称),其注册地点在(注
6、册地名)(下面称银行),向(业主名称)(下面称业主)立约担保支付(金额数)的保证金。本保证书对银行及其继承人和受让人均具有约束力例2TheundersignedSellerandBuyerhaveagreedtoclose9thefollowingtransactioninaccordancewiththetermsandconditionsstipulatedasfollows:Chineseversionforreference:兹经签约的买卖双方同意，按下列条款，达成这笔交易。例3AndWhereaswehaveagreedtogivetheContractorsuchBankGuara
7、ntee10;NowThereforeweherebyaffirmthatwearetheGuarantorandresponsibletoyou,onbehalfoftheContractor,uptoatotalof_(amountofguarantee)_(inwords11)_,suchsumbeingpayableintypesandproportionsofcurrencies12inwhichtheContractispayable.本银行或金融机构已同意为承包人出具保证函，我们因而同意作为保证人，并代表承包人以支付合同价款所规定的货币种类和比例，向你方担保总金额为(大写)的保证
8、金。4UnlessOtherwise13Thisexpressionismoreformalthan“ifnotand“otherwise.除非。例1：Unlessotherwisespecified14intheContract,thesuppliedGoodsshallbepackedbystandardprotectivemeasures.除非合同另有规定，卖方提供的全部货物，均应按标准的保护措施进行包装。例2：TheContractorshallnotsubcontract15thewholeoftheWorks.Exceptwhereotherwise16providedbytheC
9、ontract,theContractorshallnotsubcontractanypartoftheWorkswithoutthepriorconsentoftheengineer.承包人不得将整个工程分包出去。除合同另有规定外无工程师的事先同意，承包人不得将工程的任何部分分包出去。例3TheContractorshall,unlessotherwiseprovidedintheContract,makehisownarrangementsfortheengagement17ofallstaffandlabor18,localorother,andfortheirpayment,housi
10、ng,feedingandtransport.除非合同另有规定，承包人应自行安排从当地或其他地方雇用的所有职员和劳务人员，以及他们的报酬、住房、膳食和交通。InAccordancewith;Under;Pursuantto19InAccordancewith;Under;Pursuantto根据，根据。比accordingto正式例1“PermanentWorksmeansthepermanentworkstobeexecuted20(includingPlant)inaccordancewiththeContract.Chineseversionforreference:“永久工程是根据合同
11、将施行的永久工程包括机械设备。例2NeithertheConsultantsnortheirSub-consultantsnorthePersonnelofeitherofthemshall,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,engageinsuchbusinessorprofessionalactivitiesinChinaasconflictwiththeactivitiesassignedtothemunderthisContract.咨询人，分包咨询人或两类人员，均不能直接或间接地在中国从事与本合同所赋予的活动相冲突的商业或职业活动。例3“RetentionMone
12、y21meanstheaggregateofallmonies22retainedbytheEmployerpursuanttoSub-Clause60.2(a).“保留金是指业主根据第60.2a款规定留存的所有款项的总额。InRespectof;InRespectThereof23涉及，至于，在方面，比about,concerning,asregards正式。例1Priortomakingaclaimundertheperformancesecurity24,theEmployershall,ineverycase,notifytheContractorstatingthenatureoft
13、hedefaultinrespectofwhichtheclaimistobemade.Chineseversionforreference:根据履约保证，提出索赔之前，在任何情况下，业主应通知承包人，针对提出的索赔讲明违约的性质。例2TheEmployershallindemnifytheContractoragainst25allclaims,proceedings,damages,costs,chargesandexpensesinrespectofthematters(referredtointheexceptions)definedinSub-Clause22.2.业主应保障承包人免
14、除承当属于第22.2款规定情况下的所有索赔，诉讼，损害，诉讼费，指控费及其他开支。例3TheEmployershallnotbeliabletotheContractorforanymatterorthingarisingoutoforinconnectionwiththeContractorexecutionoftheWorks,unlesstheContractorshallhaveincludedaclaiminrespectthereofinhisFinalStatement26andintheStatementatCompletion27referredtoinSub-Clause6
15、0.5.除非承包人在其最终报表中以及在第60.5款提及的完工报表中已经包括索赔事宜，对由合同及工程施行引起的或与之有关的任何问题和事件，雇主不应对承包人负有责任。IntheEventThat;IntheEventof28例1IntheeventthattheContractPriceoranyothertermsoftheContractchangesaftertheissuanceoftheLetterofCredit29(orletterofGuarantee30)theOwner31shallarrangeforsuchLettertobeamendedaccordinglyassoon
16、aspossibleafteranysuchchange.假如在信誉证或保函开出后，合同总价或合同其他条款发生变化，业主应尽快安排对信誉证或保函进行相应的修改。例2EitherPartyheretomayterminatethisAgreementintheeventofthebankruptcyorinsolvencyoftheotherparty.本协议任何一方能够在对方破产或资不抵债的情况下终止本协议。8Providedthat32例1InstructionsgivenbytheEngineershallbeinwriting,providedthatifforanyreasontheE
17、ngineerconsidersitnecessarytogiveanysuchinstructionorally,thecontractorshallcomplywithsuchinstruction.Chineseversionforreference:由工程师发出的指令应为书面形式。但规定，假如由于某种原因，工程师以为有必要以口头形式发出指令，承包人应遵照执行。例2TheOwnermay,atitsdiscretion,approveorrejectanychangeproposedbytheContractor,providedthattheOwnershallapproveanych
18、angeproposedbytheContractortoensurethesafetyoftheWorks.Notes:1)atonesdiscretion:freedomtoactinaccordancewithonesjudgmentChineseversionforreference:业主可赞成或拒绝由承包人提出的变更，但应接受承包人提出的保证工程安全方面的变更建议。9BeDeemed33bebelieved,beconsidered.被以为，法律文件中的正式用语。例1OnlytheDefectsLiability34CertificatereferredtoinClause62,sh
19、allbedeemedtoconstituteapprovaloftheWorks.只要第62条规定的缺陷责任书才能视为构成对工程的批准。10InQuestion35“在考虑中的或在议论中的某一问题，可译为“这或“该问题。例1AllpricestobepaidbytheBuyerunderitsobligationsofthebuyback/counter-purchaseContractshallbetheworldmarketpricestakingintoaccounttheotherdeliveryterms36forthegoodsinquestion.Chineseversionf
20、orreference:买方根据返销或回购货物合同的义务所支付的价格应为世界市场价格，结合考虑该货物的其他交货条件。例2ItiscommonforTenderstobeidentifiedbysuchatenderreference37orcontractnumberasshallbeaddedtolinktheTendertotheProjectinquestion.通常为了把投标书和有关工程项目联络在一起，投标书应标明投标参考编号或合同号。11InCase;In(the)Caseof38例1IncasePartyBconsidersitnecessarytoemployaforeignau
21、ditorregisteredinanothercountrytoundertakeannualfinancialverificationandexamination,PartyAshallgiveitsconsent.AlltheexpensesthereofshallbebornebyPartyB.假如乙方以为需要聘请另一国注册审计师对年度财务进行审查，甲方应予以同意，其所需的一切费用应由乙方负担。例2Inthecaseofcarriagebyseaorbymorethanonemodeoftransportincludingcarriagebysea,bankswillrefuseatr
22、ansportdocumentstatingthatthegoodsareorwillbeloadedondeck,unlessspeciallyauthorizedinthecredit.Chineseversionforreference:如属海运或多种类型运输中包括海运，除非信誉证十分受权，银行将拒受注明货装舱面或将装舱面的运输单据。11BeLiablefor;BeLiableto39例1IncasePartyAandPartyBofthejointventurecompanyagreetocontinuetheoperation,thePartywhofailstofulfillthe
23、obligationsshallbeliablefortheeconomiclossesthuscausedtothejointventurecompany.Chineseversionforreference:假如甲乙双方同意继续经营，违约方应赔偿合资公司的经济损失。例2Acompanymayinvestinotherlimitedliabilitycompaniesorcompanieslimitedbysharesandbeliabletothecompanieswhichithasinvestedintotheextentoftheamountofcapitalinvestedinsuchcompanies.Chineseversionforreference:公司能够向其他有限责任公司、股份有限公司投资，并以该出资额为限对投资公司承当责任