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1、上海沪教版英语八年级下册第二学期学问点归纳集锦第一局部：词与词组、重点词汇与词组1、be interested in _ in danger _ cut down _ _ let out _ belong to _ on earth _ keepalive _ communicate with _ protect oneself_ 2、at ones suggestion _ on ones suggestion _ make a suggestion _ offer a suggestion _ on the suggestion of. _ 3、come to a decision / a
2、rrive at a decision / reach a decision _ give a decision for _ give a decision against _ make a decision _4、 take charge of _ under the charge of _ in charge of _5、 agree on _ agree with _ agre to (do sth) _6、 remind sb. of sth, in addition (to), now that, be excellent for, enable sb to do sth, be c
3、overed with, feel like be responsible for, now that, help oneself (to + food/drink/vegetable.)4、 happen, take place5、 frozen, freezing、词与词组辨析1、alive, living 都是“活着”的意思，用法不同。例如： alive 是表语形容词，一般在句子中放在系动词后面，用作表语。例如： I am your friend as long as I am alive. 只要我活着就是你的挚友。 living 是定语形容词，一般在句子中放在名词前用作定语。例如： T
4、here are not any living things in the mountain area.在这个山区里没有任何活着的东西。2、 patient; impatient; patience3、 comfort; comfortable; comfortably4、reply; answer （v. & n.）5、explain; explanation6、visible; vision； invisible7、contain hold8、experience, experienced9、conclude, conclusion10、go off, go out, go up, go
5、away, go down, go in11、used to do sth, be used to do sth, be used to doing sth, be used as, be used for12、try doing sth, try to do sth13、go on to do sth, go on doing sth14、be familiar to, be familiar with15、pleased, pleasant, pleasure, please16、accept, receive17、keep的用法18、what/how感慨句19、数词的用法20、不定冠词a
6、、an的用法21、介词后面动词用 -ing形式22、状语从句连接词：if/as long as, when/while/as soon as/until/before/after, though/although23、when/while24、well/good25、疑问词 + 主语 + 情态动词can/should/could等 + 谓语动词 = 疑问词 + 谓语动词不定式第二局部：语法1、Its + adj. + for/of sb + to do sth2、a little, a few, little, few3、表示数量的词： plenty of, lots of, a lot of
7、 a great/good deal of, a large/small quantity of, a large/small amount of a number of, the number of4、情态动词：mustnt, cant, may not等的意思 must与may（主语是第一人称）开头的一般疑问句的否认答复 must用 或 may用 或 must, may等表示确定的推想意义；cant表示否认的推想意义 need作为情态动词与实义动词动词的用法【情态动词用法的根本练习】( ) 1. May I take my pet dog with me into the cinema T
8、he rule says no. So you _. A. can B. mustnt C. may D. neednt( ) 2. We hope that as many people as possible _ join us for the charity show tomorrow. A. need B. can C. must D. should( ) 3. Must I get up early tomorrow No, _. A. you mustnt B. I dont think you have to C. you cant D. you need( ) 4. May I
9、 play computer games, mum No. You _ finish your homework first. A. will B. can C. would D. must( ) 5. Lets go to the concert tonight, Michael! Sorry, I _ . I have to help my mother with the housework. A. mustnt B. may not C. neednt D. cant( ) 6. Can you finish the work in two days Sorry, I _. My com
10、puter doesnt work. A. dont B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt ( ) 7. _ you speak Japanese No, I cant. A. Can B. Must C. May D. Should( ) 8. If the traffic light is red, you _ cross the road. Its very dangerous. A. dont B. mustnt C. neednt D. wouldnt ( ) 9. May I use your ruler _. A. Yes, please B. You are
11、nice C. It doesnt matter D. It was a pleasure 5、宾语从句： 陈述句改为宾语从句时，用that连接； 一般疑问句改为宾语从句时，用whether/if连接； 特别疑问句改为宾语从句时，用特别疑问词连接。【宾语从句专项精选】( ) 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take( ) 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B.
12、 had never gone C. has never been D. had never been( ) 3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has C. will have D. are( ) 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may( ) 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. traveled B. has
13、traveled C. travels D. had traveled( ) 6. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty A. who B. what C. when D. that( ) 7. I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where( ) 8. I hardly understand. _ he has told me. A.that B. what C. which D. who( ) 9. She didnt know_ back soon. A.
14、 whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be( ) 10. I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when( ) 11. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening A. what B when C why D how( ) 12. He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D wh
15、ose( ) 13. They dont know _ their parents are. A that B what C why D which( ) 14. Please tell me _ last year. A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked( ) 15. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. wh
16、ose pen it is D. whose pen was it( ) 16. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said( ) 17. Did you know _ A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after( )
17、18. Could you tell me _ A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing( ) 19. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A. that B. how C. what D. if ( ) 20. I dont kno
18、w _ Mr. Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where ( ) 21. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where ( ) 22. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A. that how B. how that
19、 C. when that D. that when ( ) 23. Do you know _ Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived ( ) 24. W here do you think _ he _ the computer Sorry, I have no idea. A. ; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. do
20、es; buy ( ) 25. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what wrong was ( ) 26. Where is Jack He is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . A. that B. which C. where D. there6、
21、干脆引语转换为间接引语. 人称代词和指示代词的改变 指示代词this和these通常变为that和those。人称代词也要依据状况做适当调整。从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称依据状况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不变。例如：He said, “I came to help you.” 他说：“我是来扶植你的。” He said that he had come to help me. 他说他是来扶植我的。. 时态的改变 引述动词假如用一般如今时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变。 引述动词假如用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。详细改变如下： 一般如今时一般过去时
22、一般过去时过去完成时 如今进展时过去进展时 如今完成时过去完成时 一般将来时过去将来时. 时间状语的改变 now then last month the month before today that daythree days ago three days before tonight that nighttomorrow the next day this week that week next month the next month yesterday the day before the day after tomorrow in two days 地点状语的改变 here ther
23、e 谓语动词的改变 come go【留意】含有情态动词的干脆引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。若干脆引语为客观真理或自然规律，变为间接引语时，时态不变。有时由于干脆引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。【将下列句子中的干脆引语改为间接引语】1. “I am very happy.” said Fisher proudly.2. Dinny said: “I saw Mr Muskam yesterday.”3. He said: “I will have finished my work by that time.”4. “I have never seen a
24、nything more beautiful than this.” he said.5. Mr Rochester said; “Ive settled everything; and we will leave Thornfield tomorrow.”6. “It is too late.” he said.7. “Here is Miss Eyre, sir,” said Mrs Fairfax.8. “I will try it,” said Kate.9. “Ive studied biology,” he said.10. “We will go back to the hous
25、e,” he said.7、不定代词辨析: all, any, another, both, each, every, either, few, little, many, much, no, none, neither, one, other, some 以及由some, any, no, every和body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词。 one, ones的用法 each，every的用法 other, the other, another, others, the others的用法【不定代词专练】( ) 1. _ police officers in the UK c
26、arry guns, but most of them dont. A. No B. Some C. Many D. All( ) 2. Which do you like best, coffee，water or juice _. I only like tea. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None ( ) 3. There are many tall buildings on _ sides of the street. A. either B. all C. both D. none( ) 4. She has written a lot of b
27、ooks, but _ good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many( ) 5. Would you like chicken noodles or beef noodles _. Id like tomato noodles. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None( ) 6. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing( ) 7. I saw Tony at the party. But he didnt sp
28、eak tome _ evening. Maybe he didnt see you. A. all B. every C. either D. another( ) 8. Are you _ from America No, none of us. A. both B. all C. any D. either( ) 9. He showed me a magazine he bought yesterday. I think its interesting. So I bought _. A. it B. this C. that D. one ( ) 10. Mike fell off
29、the bike, but he didnt hurt _. A. he B. him C. himself D. hisself( ) 11. _ book are you looking for A. What B. Which C. Who D. Whose ( ) 12. There isnt any milk in my glass. Would you give me _ A. some B. few C. little D. any ( ) 13. We had plenty of paper but _ ink. A. a few B. few C. not many D. n
30、ot much ( ) 14. Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have never learned _before. A. one B. it C. them D. that ( ) 15. Were very busy because weve so _books to read and so _homework to do every day. A. much . many B. many . much C. many . a lot D. a lot . much ( ) 16. I t
31、hought _of the matter but still couldnt find out the reason. A. every B. both C. nothing D. everything ( ) 17. My car is not so expensive as _. A. him B. hes C. he D. his ( ) 18. Lily and Lucy have arrived，but _students arent here yet. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others ( ) 19. There are
32、high buildings on _side of the street. A. both B. every C. any D. either( ) 20. What do you usually have for breakfast _eggs and _milk. A Little . a few B. A little . a little C. A few . a little D. A few . a few ( ) 21. _ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything ( ) 22. Is this story the same as _in that book A. the one B. what C. that D. it