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1、学习好资料上海沪教版英语八年级下册第二学期知识点归纳集锦第一部分：词与词组、重点词汇与词组1、be interested in in danger cut down _let out 更多精品文档belong to keepalive on earth communicate with protect oneself 2、at ones suggestion on ones suggestion make a suggestion offer a suggestion on the suggestion of. 3、come to a decision / arrive at a decisi
2、on / reach a decision give a decision for give a decision against make a decision 4、take charge of under the charge of in charge of 5、agree on agree with agre to (do sth) 6、remind sb. of sth, in addition (to), now that, be excellent for, enable sb to do sth, be covered with, feel like be responsible
3、 for, now that, help oneself (to + food/drink/vegetable.)4、happen, take place 5、frozen, freezing、词与词组辨析1、alive, living都是“活着”的意思，用法不同。例如：alive 是表语形容词，一般在句子中放在系动词后面，用作表语。例如：I am your friend as long as I am alive. 只要我活着就是你的朋友。living 是定语形容词，一般在句子中放在名词前用作定语。例如：There are not any living things in the mount
4、ain area.在这个山区里没有任何活着的东西。2、patient;impatient;patience3、comfort;comfortable;comfortably4、reply;answer （v. & n.） 5、explain;explanation6、visible;vision； invisible 7、containhold8、experience, experienced 9、conclude, conclusion10、go off, go out, go up, go away, go down, go in11、used to do sth, be used to
5、do sth, be used to doing sth, be used as, be used for 12、try doing sth, try to do sth13、go on to do sth, go on doing sth 14、be familiar to, be familiar with15、pleased, pleasant, pleasure, please 16、accept, receive17、keep 的用法18、what/how 感叹句19、数词的用法20、不定冠词a、an 的用法21、介词后面动词用-ing 形式22、状语从句连接词：if/as long
6、 as, when/while/as soon as/until/before/after, though/although 23、when/while24、well/good25、疑问词 + 主语 + 情态动词can/should/could 等 + 谓语动词 = 疑问词 + 谓语动词不定式第二部分：语法1、Its + adj. + for/of sb + to do sth 2、a little, a few, little, few3、表示数量的词： plenty of, lots of, a lot of a great/good deal of, a large/small quan
7、tity of, a large/small amount of a number of, the number of4、情态动词：mustnt, cant, may not 等的意思 must 与 may（主语是第一人称）开头的一般疑问句的否定回答must 用或may 用或 must, may 等表示肯定的推测意义；cant 表示否定的推测意义 need 作为情态动词与实义动词动词的用法【情态动词用法的基本练习】() 1. May I take my pet dog with me into the cinema? The rule says no. So you .A. canB. mus
8、tntC. mayD. neednt() 2. We hope that as many people as possible join us for the charity show tomorrow.A. needB. canC. mustD. should() 3. Must I get up early tomorrow? No,.A. you mustntB. I dont think you have toC. you cantD. you need() 4. May I play computer games, mum? No. YouA. willB. canC. wouldD
9、. mustfinish your homework first.() 5. Lets go to the concert tonight, Michael!Sorry, I . I have to help my mother with the housework.A. mustntB. may notC. needntD. cant() 6. Can you finish the work in two days? Sorry, I . My computer doesnt work.A. dontB. cantC. mustntD. neednt() 7. you speak Japan
10、ese? No, I cant.A. CanB. MustC. MayD. Should() 8. If the traffic light is red, you cross the road. Its very dangerous.A. dontB. mustntC. needntD. wouldnt () 9. May I use your ruler? .A. Yes, pleaseB. You are niceC. It doesnt matterD. It was a pleasure5、宾语从句： 陈述句改为宾语从句时，用that 连接； 一般疑问句改为宾语从句时，用whethe
11、r/if 连接；【宾语从句专项精选】() 1 The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take() 2 Catherine said that she to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been () 3 The students want to know whether they dictation today.A. had B. ha
12、s C. will have D. are() 4 She asked Linda if go and get some. 特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，用特殊疑问词连接。A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may () 5 Linda said the moon round the earth.A. traveled B. has traveled C. travels D. had traveled () 6. Can you tell me you were born, Betty?A. who B. what C. when D. tha
13、t() 7. I dont know they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where() 8. I hardly understand. he has told me.A.thatB. whatC. which D. who () 9. She didnt know back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he beC. he will be() 10.I dont know he still lives here after so many years.A. whether B
14、 where C. what D. when() 11. Do you know they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how() 12. He asked me told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose() 13. They dont know their parents are.A that B what C why D which() 14. Please tell me last year.A. where does your sister workB
15、 where did your sister workC where your sister worksD where your sister worked() 15. She asked me if I knew .A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it () 16. You must remember .A. what your mother saidB. what did your mother sayC. your mother said whatD. what has
16、your mother said() 17. Did you know ?A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking forD. who he is looking after () 18. Could you tell me ?A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave BeijingD. when did they leave Beijing() 19. I
17、n the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A. thatB. howC. what D. if() 20. I dont know Mr. Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English.A. why B. when C. how D. where() 21. We never know the old man is. They say he is a teacher.A. whatB
18、. whoC. whichD. where() 22. I was told Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.A. that howB. how thatC. when thatD. that when() 23. Do you know ? Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know.A. where does Mr. Li liveB. where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li livesD. where Mr. Li lived () 24.
19、 W here do you think he the computer?Sorry, I have no idea.A. ; boughtB. has; boughtC. did; buyD. does; buy() 25. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me this morning.A. what the matter is) 26. Where is Jack?B. what is wrongC. what the matter wasD. what wrong was(He is away to spend his holiday. Hes gon
20、e either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure .A. thatB. whichC.whereD.there6、直接引语转换为间接引语. 人称代词和指示代词的变化指示代词 this 和 these 通常变为 that 和 those。人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不变。例如：He said, “I came to help you.” 他说：“我是来帮助你的。”He said that he had come to help me. 他说他是来帮助我的。. 时态
21、的变化引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变。引述动词如果用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。具体变化如下： 一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时. 时间状语的变化now thenlast month the month beforetoday that daythree days ago three days beforetonight that nighttomorrow the next daythis week that weeknext month the next month ye
22、sterday the day beforethe day after tomorrow in two days 地点状语的变化here there谓语动词的变化come go【注意】含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。若直接引语为客观真理或自然规律，变为间接引语时，时态不变。有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。【将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语】1. “I am very happy.” said Fisher proudly.2. Dinny said: “I saw Mr Muskam yesterday.”3. He sa
23、id: “I will have finished my work by that time.”4. “I have never seen anything more beautiful than this.” he said.5. Mr Rochester said; “Ive settled everything; and we will leave Thornfield tomorrow.”6. “It is too late.” he said.7. “Here is Miss Eyre, sir,” said Mrs Fairfax.8. “I will try it,” said
24、Kate.9. “Ive studied biology,” he said.10. “We will go back to the house,” he said.7、不定代词辨析: all, any, another, both, each, every, either, few, little, many, much, no, none, neither, one, other, some 以及由 some, any, no, every 和 body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词。 one, ones 的用法 each，every 的用法 other, the other
25、, another, others, the others的用法【不定代词专练】() 1. police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them dont.A. NoB. SomeC. ManyD. All() 2. Which do you like best, coffee，water or juice? . I only like tea.A. BothB. EitherC. NeitherD. None() 3. There are many tall buildings on sides of the street.A. eit
26、herB. allC. bothD. none() 4. She has written a lot of books, but good ones.A. anyB. someC. fewD. many() 5. Would you like chicken noodles or beef noodles? . Id like tomato noodles.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None () 6. Im hungry. I want to eat.A. anythingB. somethingC. everythingD. nothing() 7. I s
27、aw Tony at the party. But he didnt speak tome evening.Maybe he didnt see you.A. allB. everyC. eitherD. another() 8. Are you from America? No, none of us.A. bothB. allC. anyD. either() 9. He showed me a magazine he bought yesterday. I think its interesting. So I bought .A. itB. thisC. thatD. one() 10
28、. Mike fell off the bike, but he didnt hurt .A. heB. himC. himselfD. hisself () 11. book are you looking for?A. WhatB. WhichC. WhoD. Whose() 12. There ist nany milk in my glass. Would you give me ?A. someB. fewC. littleD. any() 13. We had plenty of paper but ink.A. a fewB. fewC. not manyD. not much(
29、) 14. Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have never learned before.A. oneB. itC. themD. that() 15. Were very busy because weve so books to read and so homework to do every day.A. much . manyB. many . muchC. many . a lotD. a lot . much () 16. I thought of the matter but
30、 still couldnt find out the reason.A. everyB. bothC. nothingD. everything () 17. My car is not so expensive as .A. himB. hesC. heD. his() 18. Lily and Lucy have arrived，but students arent here yet.A. otherB. othersC. the otherD. the others() 19. There are high buildings on side of the street.A. both
31、B. everyC. anyD. either() 20. What do you usually have for breakfast? eggs and milk.A Little . a fewB. A little . a littleC. A few . a littleD. A few . a few () 21. is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.A. SomethingB. AnythingC. NothingD. Everything () 22. Is this story the same as in that book?A. the oneB. whatC. thatD. it