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1、- 1 - 模块尾核心要点回扣模块尾核心要点回扣 .重点单词 1_ vt.经历_adj.有经验的 2_adj.可能的_ n可能；可能性 3_ vt.使惊恐；使受惊吓_ adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的_adj.吓人的；可怕的 4_ v警告 _n警告 【答案】1.experience；experienced2.possible；possibility3.terrify；terrified；terrifying 4warn；warning .重点短语 1pick _ 卷起；掀起 pick _ 挑选出 2take_ 去掉 take _ 收留；吸收；欺骗；理解 take _ 呈现；承担；雇用 take _ 接
2、管；接任(职位) 3_average 平均起来 _ the average 在平均水平以上 _ the average 在平均水平以下 4end _ 结果为；以结束 end up _ 以结束(后接表具体 - 2 - 事物的名词) end up_ 以结束(后接抽象名 词) end up _. 最终成为/变成 end up _ sth. 结果做 end up_. 以(状况)而告终 5set fire _set._ fire 放火(焚烧) _fire 着火(强调动作) _ fire 着火(强调状态) _ a fire 生火 6put _ 熄灭；扑灭；生产 put _ 举起；张贴；建造；支起；为提供食
3、宿 put _ 推迟，拖延 put _ 穿上；上演 put _ 放下；记下；镇压 put _ with 忍受 7take _ 发生；举行 take _ place of 代替 8_ all 总共；总计 _ all 最重要的是；尤其是 _ all 毕竟，终究 _ all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟 _ of all 首先 【答案】1.up；out2.off；in；on；over3.on；above；below4.up；with；in；as；doing；adj.5.to；on；catch；on；make6.out；up；off；on；down；up 7place；the8.in；ab
4、ove；after；at；first .重点句式 1They can destroy houses, but_leave_the_furniture_inside_exactly _where_it_was_(却把房内的家具留在原处) - 3 - 2 On average， there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing_about_80_deaths_and_1,500_injuries_ (造成大约 80 人死亡，1 500 人受伤) 3By_the_time_it_ended(到这次飓风结束时)，more than 700 peop
5、le had been killed and 2,700 had been injured. 4When the lava reached the sea, there_was_the_possibility_of(有可能)a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island. 5The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the_worst_earthquake_that_has_ever_happened_(发生的最严重的一次地震)in the United States.
6、.回顾话题 用本单元词汇或句式完成写作任务 平均起来，每年都会发生各种各样的自然灾害，甚至有些会出乎人们的意料。昨天，一场强烈的飓风突然袭击了该地区，导致很多房屋和车辆被毁，甚至有两人被埋在倒塌的房屋下。幸运的是，事后人们及时把他们救了出来。在将来，有可能有经验的专家能够准确地(accurately)预测一些可怕的自然灾害。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 【参考范文】 On average, all kinds of natural disasters will take place every year, and even some are beyond peoples expec
7、tation.A violent hurricane suddenly struck/hit the area yesterday, causing the ruin of many houses and cars.Whats worse, even two persons were buried under the collapsed houses.Luckily/ Fortunately, people came to save them from the ruins of the houses after it occurred.There is a possibility that e
8、xperienced experts will be able to forecast some terrifying natural disasters accurately in the future. - 4 - 模块综合测评模块综合测评 .阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) A The earthquake affected the students of the destroyed areas in many ways: losing parents, being scared and feeling lonely.How can we help them?
9、Teens reporter talked with Lin Dan, the program director of the Sunshine in Your Heart Project at the Red Cross Society of China. How will the earthquake affect the teenagers mentally? Theyll have feelings of fear, anger and feel they are not safe.They will find it hard to focus.They will tend to cr
10、y and shout and tremble.And they might be afraid to be alone. What will happen if they are not helped? The teenagers will find it hard to live in a balanced way.If things get worse, they might not be able to focus on their studies.They might give up on life. How can we help them overcome these probl
11、ems? The first thing is to build up trust with them.Show your sympathy and sadness, and be their friends.Then you have to give them a sense of safety.Tell them that theres a solution to every problem.Thirdly, try to satisfy their psychological needs.Be a good listener if he or she needs to talk. Som
12、e of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared.What should they do? Talk with an adult or share their feelings with someone who might feel similar.If this doesnt help，then they should see a doctor for professional help. 1Whats the best title of the passa
13、ge? AThe Scare Caused by the Earthquake BDealing with the Pain Left behind after the Earthquake CHow to Get a Sense of Safety DThe Psychological Needs 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区学生们的伤痛、恐惧等心理问题，故选 B 项。 - 5 - 【答案】B 2The underlined word “psychological” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to “_” Amental
14、Bphysical Cmaterial Dprofessional 【解析】词义猜测题。文章主要讲了地震给灾区的学生们造成的心理、精神问题以及如何消除这种心理、精神问题，故我们也要尽力满足他们的心理或精神需求。mental 精神的；physical 身体的，物理的；material 物质的；professional专业的。 【答案】A 3From the passage，we can infer that _. Athe scare caused by the earthquake can be relieved quickly Bseeing a doctor is the most imp
15、ortant measure to deal with the problems Cthe images on TV can also affect people and even cause problems Dto help them overcome these problems, we should always talk with them 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的 Some of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared.可知应选
16、C。 【答案】C 4When helping them overcome the problems, we need not _. Abuild up trust with them Bgive them a sense of safety Csolve every problem they have for them Dbe a good listener if they need to talk 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第七段可知 C 项与“Tell them that theres a solution to every problem.”不符。 【答案】C B The food w
17、e eat seems to have a great effect on our health.Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related - 6 - to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well.
18、That food is related to illness is not a new discovery.In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives(添加剂)caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings(包装)of foods are h
19、elpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct.Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows.Sometimes similar things are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit. The farmers are simp
20、ly trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market.Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues. 【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述的是食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的。以此来告诉我们要特别注意自己所吃的食物。 5According to this passage, we can know _. Aperhaps most of human illness is
21、 caused by what we eat Bperhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat Ccancer was discovered in 1945 Dscience has made food unfit to eat 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话“Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well.”可知，百分之
22、八十的疾病都是由我们吃的食物引起的，故 A 项正确。 【答案】A 6Things that are used to keep colours in meats are_. Aharmful Buseless Chelpless Ddelicious 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives(添加剂)caused cancer.”可知，这些让肉着色的添加剂会导致癌症。也就是说对人
23、体是有害的，故 A 项正确。 【答案】A 7Which of the following is NOT true? - 7 - ASome wrappings of food are harmful. BFarmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals. C“The practice continues” means “things are still going on like that” DWe neednt take care of what we eat. 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段前三句
24、话可知，食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的。说明对于我们的食物我们要特别注意，故 D 项错误，所以选 D 项。 【答案】D C Have you ever been laughed at by others? Being laughed at is a common fear.But a study found that this fear is not the same around the world.It differs from culture to culture. People in Finland were the least likely to believ
25、e that people laughing in their presence were making fun of them.Less than ten per cent of Finns in the study said they would think that, compared to eighty per cent of people in Thailand. Some people in the study said they felt unsure of themselves in social situations but hid their feelings of ins
26、ecurity(不安全)Others said they avoided social situations where they had been laughed at before.The study found that people in Turkmenistan and Cambodia were more likely to be in the first group.They would hide their feelings of insecurity if they were around other peoples laughter.But people in Iraq,
27、Egypt and Jordan were more likely to try to avoid such situations if they felt they had been laughed at before. Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people.They worry that something they say or do will make other people laugh at them.But some people w
28、orry much more than others.They may have gelotophobia.Gelos is a Greek word.It means laughter.Phobia means fear.This fear of laughter can be truly sad for those who live with it.It can affect how they lead their lives. In the study, a team from the University of Zurich led more than ninety researche
29、rs from around the world.They wanted to understand the difference between normal shyness and true gelotophobia.Another purpose of the study was to compare the levels of fear of being laughed at in different cultures.The researchers surveyed more than - 8 - twentytwo thousand people in fortytwo diffe
30、rent languages.The findings appeared in the scientific journal Humour. 8The author asked a question in the first paragraph in order to_. Ashow his/her doubt Bintroduce the topic Cask for the answer Dentertain readers 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段可推出，作者用一个问题开头是为了引出文章的主题，故选 B。 【答案】B 9Paragraph 3 mainly tells us_. A
31、people in different cultures show different fears of being laughed at Bpeople in Egypt think people laughing at them are making fun of them Cpeople always try to avoid situations where they may be looked down on Dmany people usually try to hide their feelings when being laughed at in strange places
32、【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容可推出，本段主要举例介绍了不同文化中的人们对被嘲笑表现出不同的恐惧，故选 A。 【答案】A 10Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? APeople in Thailand like making fun of others. BPeople in Iraq, Egypt and Cambodia often avoided peoples laughter. CThe study found that people of Finland always made other peop
33、le laugh. DSome people hid their feelings of insecurity if they felt unsure of themselves. 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Some people in the study said they felt unsure of themselves in social situations but hid their feelings of insecurity(不安全)”可知 D 项说法正确。 【答案】D 11According to the passage, shy people often_. Al
34、ive their life with great fear - 9 - Bfear that they may hurt others Cworry much more than others Davoid getting in touch with others 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句话“Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people.”可知答案为 D。 【答案】D D (2016江苏高考)El Nio，a Spanish term f
35、or “the Christ child，” was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.El Nio sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when win
36、ds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round. The weather effects， both good and bad， are felt in many places.Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios， on balance， than they lose.A study found that a strong Nio in 199798 helped Americas economy grow by $15 billion，partl
37、y because of better agricultural harvests：farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain.The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones. But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames.A multiyear drought(干旱) in southeast Brazil is becoming worse.T
38、hough heavy rains brought about By El Nio may relieve the drought in California，they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters. The most recent powerful Nio，in 199798，killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe.But such Nios come with months of war
39、ning ， and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare.According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI)， however， just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance，rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despi
40、te evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction. Simple improvements to infrastructure( 基 础 设 施 ) can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers(下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an - 10 - outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bri
41、dges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and coauthors ，civil conflict is related to El Nios harmful effectsand the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal，helping divided
42、 communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nio，reducing their losses needs to be the priority. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了厄尔尼
43、诺现象的由来以及它对人们生活的影响。文章根据 ODI 对 20 年救灾资金的投向的分析，得出防灾重于救灾的结论，这也是作者写此文的目的。文章最后提出防止厄尔尼诺带来次生灾害的措施。 12What can we learn about El Nio in Paragraph 1? AIt is named after a South American fisherman. BIt takes place almost every year all over the world. CIt forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas
44、. DIt sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean. 【解析】细节理解题。根据首段第一句.a Spanish term for “the Christ child，” .South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years.可知，“厄尔尼诺” 是西班牙语的译音，原意是“神童”或“圣明之子” ，是由很早就注意海洋与天气的关系的南美洲的渔民命名的，所以 D 项“它能体现大
45、洋中潮流方向的改变”为正确选项。根据首段第一句可知南美洲的渔民发现了这一现象，而非“某个渔民” ，故 A 项错误；B 项是常识性错误；C 项恰好与文章内容相反。 【答案】D 13What may El Nios bring about to the countries affected? AAgricultural harvests in rich countries fall. BDroughts become more harmful than floods. CRich countries gains are greater than their losses. DPoor countr
46、ies suffer less from droughts economically. - 11 - 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句 Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios，on balance，than they lose.可知，富裕国家因厄尔尼诺而得到的东西要比它们失去的多。由此可锁定正确答案为 C。 【答案】C 14The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that _. Amore investment should go to risk reduction Bgovernm
47、ents of poor countries need more aid Cvictims of El Nio deserve more compensation Drecovery and reconstruction should come first 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段 ODI 提供的数据可知，在过去的 20年中只有 12%的救灾资金投入到提前预防方面，显然投入比例较小；再联系第四段 最 后 一 句 .that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.(在预防灾害方面花一美元
48、就能在灾后重建方面至少省两美元)可知正确答案为 A。 【答案】A 15What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? ATo introduce El Nio and its origin. BTo explain the consequences of El Nio. CTo show ways of fighting against El Nio. DTo urge people to prepare for El Nio. 【解析】主旨大意题。文章从第四段 ODI 的数据分析和第五段如何防止厄尔尼诺带来次生灾害这两个方面， 鼓励人们
49、以正向心态积极应对厄尔尼诺现象。 A项与 B 项都属范围太小；C 项偏离主题。厄尔尼诺本身是一种自然现象，人们可以研究如何利用它，而不是去违背它。 【答案】D .阅读填句(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In our modern world, everyone is trying to do things faster, better, and more productively.Here are a few habits to help you increase your productiv
50、ity. - 12 - 1_16_ Just by taking a few moments to find 35 things you must finish each day, you will improve your overall productivity, because you cant focus on your important work if you dont know whats important. 2Dont multi(多)task.We live in a rapidly developing world, but scientists tell us that