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1、学习好资料欢迎下载情态动词情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。一：情态动词的各种形式现在形式过去形式肯定形式否定形式肯定形式否定形式can may shall will dare ought to need have to used to would rather had better 二：常见情态动词的意义和用法分类：1：只用作情态动词：must,can,could,might,ought to 2：可做情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need, da
2、re 3：可以做情态动词又可以作助动词的有：shall,should,will,would 4：勉强可以做情态动词的有：have to(have got to), used to,would rather, had better(best) 情态动词意义和用法例句can/could I could swim across the river when I was young. Anybody can make mistakes. Can I go now? Yes, you can. Could you lend me some money? Can this news be true? Ho
3、w can you be so foolish? Shall I write it down? Shall he come in? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载shall You shall have it back tomorrow. All the dishes shall be cleaned at once. should We should be strict with ours
4、elves. The should be back by now. I should advise you not to do that. Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. Why should you be so late today? will/would I will never do that again. Would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station? Fish will die without water. It would be about ten when he
5、left home. No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me. need You neednt ask me the question. Need I finish the work before ten? dare Dare you go out at night? The boy darent say so before the teacher. may/might Might I use you phone? Yes, you may./No, you mustnt. Might I use your phone? Yes, plea
6、se. May/Can I go there now? Yes, you may/can. It may be a trick. He might have some fever. He may not come today. It cant be our headmaster. May you succeed! must You must come to school on time. It must be our headteacher. have to I have to go now. ought to Studying oughtnt to occupy all of your sp
7、are time. Ought I to make an apology to Joan? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载Humans ought to stop polluting nature. The seats ought to be enough for all the guests. used to He is not what he used to be. He didnt u
8、se to go to work by bike. Used you to/Did you use to be friends? had better We had better go there before it gets back. Youd better not talk so loudly. What had we better do next? would rather I would rather stay at home. I would rather not go with them. 练：1 No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in pla
9、ying basketball. Oh, you are really his big fan. Acan Bneed Cmust DMight 2It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock. Amustnt BcantC wont Dneednt 3 Will you read me a story, Mummy? OK. You_ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. Amight BmustC could Dshall 4 Why didnt you come to Si
10、mons party last night? I wanted to, but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night. Acould BmightC would Dshould 5.Just be patient. You_expect the world to change so soon. A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. will not 6You_park here! Its an emergency exit. A. wouldnt B. needntC. couldnt D. mustnt 7
11、“You_have a wrong number.”she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would 8. This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. Awould Bshould Ccould Dmight 9.I dont think a tennis bat _ be so expensive. Is there
12、any room for bargaining? Amay BshouldC must Dneed 三：情态动词 +have done 1：mush have done 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载意义：He must have attended the party last night. It must have rained last night, for the road is qu
13、ite muddy. 2:can/could have done 意义：My mother came here by bus, but she could have taken a taxi. She could have gone off with some friends. I met him at the hospital yesterday afternoon, so he couldnt have attended your lecture. 3:may/might have done 意义：Bruce may/might have found the secret. I haven
14、t seen Ben for weeks. He may/might have gone on holiday. 4:ought to/should have done 意义：I should have watched the game, but I was busy. You ought not to have left the baby alone at home. 5：neednt have done 意义：We neednt have said sorry to Mrs Sun. She asked for it. 6:would have done 意义：They would hav
15、e come, but we didnt invite them. 练：1 I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 2They _ have arrived at lunchtime but the
16、ir flight was delayed. Awill BcanC must DShould 3I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me. Ahad come Bwas coming Cwould come Dwould have come 4 My dog is really fat. You _ have given her so much meat. Awouldnt BshouldntCcouldnt Dmustnt 四：情态动词的其他用法1：can not/never.to. 意义：名师资料总结 - - -精
17、品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载You cant be too careful to cross the road. You can never do the work too well. 2:can but 意义：We can but do our best. We could but stay until help came. 3:can not help but do和 can not help doing 意义
18、：I cant help but often think of my parents. The girls couldnt help but live on herself. When I try to speak, I cant help making mistakes. 4:may+ 主语 + 动词原形意义：May you have a happy life. May you succeed. 5:may/might as well 意义：Its too late. You might as well not go. Theres nothing to do, so I may as we
19、ll go to bed. 6:must 意义：It cant help. He must go with me. Many young people must have their own ways. Why must you listen to him? 7:will 意义：People will die without air or water, which is still in some way polluted. You will regret forever if you lose this golden chance. 练：1 Hows your new babysitter?
20、 We_ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt 3If you _ smoke, please go outside. Acan BshouldC must Dmay 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载虚拟语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述
21、语气， 祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。一、虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+ 主语 + 动词的过去式（动词be 用were) 主语+should,would,might,could动词原形与过去相反的假设If+ 主语 +had +过去分词主语 should, would, might, could have done 与
22、将来相反的假设1、If+ 主语 + 动词过去式2、If+ 主语 +were to+ 动词原形3、If+ 主语 +should +动词原形主语 should, would，might, could 动词原形例句翻译：如果我有时间，我就参加会议。如果我是你，我将会抓住这次出国的机会。如果你接受了我的建议，你就会成功的。如果你能早点出发，你就会按时到达。如果你明天来，我们就开会。如果明天下雨，运动会将被延期。如果他明天不来，我们将会把会议延至下周一。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - -
23、- 第 6 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. 如果（前些天）天气更好些，庄稼肯定会长得更好。If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你以前努力学习，你现在应
24、该是一名大学僧了。翻译：如果之前你努力减肥，现在就会变得很瘦了。省略句在条件句中，可省略if，把 were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式If I were at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 3：含蓄条件句即有时假设的情况并不用从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词短语（如：without，but for等）或上下文等其他方式表现出来。主
25、句仍然用虚拟语气。Without your help, I wouldnt be here now. (If it hadnt been your help,I wouldnt be here now.) But for your advise, I would have failed. ( ) She would have come to see you, but she was so busy that day. ( .) 有时假设通过一个分词短语体现：Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. (=If he had been
26、born in better times, he ) Failing this time, what would you do？( ) Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified. ( ) 另外还有otherwise，or ，but 等连词或副词代替条件句。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. (If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sp
27、orts meeting.) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about 7 days. ( ) He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. ( ) 4: 虚拟语气在名词
28、性从句里的使用（1）用于宾语从句、 wish 后面的宾语从句中。一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词形式为：表现在过去时表过去过去完成时表将来would, might, could动词原形I wish (that) I a bird. （be ）I wish (that) I the film last night.（see）I wish (that) I go. （go ）2.用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, require, request, demand, d
29、esire etc. We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 注意： suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. （2）用于表语从句和同位语从句
30、在 suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should 动词原形”should可以省略My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it. My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others. We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should)
31、 be put off. （3）虚拟语气在在主语从句中A.在句型“ It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that . ” 中， that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should + 动词原形1. 我们有必要出去散散步。Its necessary that we should have a walk now. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下
32、载2 她这样做是很自然的。Its natural that she should do so. 3 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。Its important that we should take good care of the patient. B. 在 It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required.that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在 It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder that.句型中从句也常用(s
33、hould )+动词原型Its a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 三、虚拟语气在其他从句中1. It is (high / about ) time that从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should 动词原形，should不能省略It is high time that you went / should go to school. 2. If only 引导的感叹句 （要是 该有多好啊 )表示现在的情况,应用过去式 ; 如果是过去的情况 ,应用过去完成时态If only I knew the answer! If only I had s
34、een the film yesterday! 3. would rather + 从句动词用过去式或过去完成时I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there last Sunday. 4. as if ( as though) 看起来常用虚拟形式，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式(had done). He treats /treated the boy as if he were his own son. He speaks/ spoke as if he had kn
35、own about it 5. even if ( even though)即使Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem. Even if I had been busy then, I would have helped you. 1:It is strange that the little boy _ speak two foreign languages. A. could b. can C. should D. would 2. He gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:
36、30pm. A. be finished B.will finish C. must be finished 3.He _ you more help,even though he was very busy. A, might have given B. might give C.may have given 4.Without the leadership of the Party,there _no New China. A.would be B. has been C. should be D.was 5. He is talking so much about America as
37、if he_ there. A.had been B. has been C. was D. has gone 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载6. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. h
38、ad done; must be set 7. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. A.are B. were C. would be D. would have been 8. You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago. A. would B. should have C. may D. have 高考真题情态动词和虚拟语气A 1 【 2012 全国卷 II】 Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _
39、find the money. A. can B. might C. would D. need 2【2012 重庆】 25.-_you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone? -Sorry Sir, but its urgent. A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would 3【2012 全国】 30. I_use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house. A. couldntB. must
40、nt C. shouldntD. neednt 4【2012 北京】 33. We _ the difficulty together, but why didn t you tell me?A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 5【2012 福建】 31. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday. A. visited B. had visited C. wou
41、ld visit D. would have visited 6【2012 陕西】 17. If my car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be 7【2012 陕西】 23. I _ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. A. won t B. can t C. can D.
42、 will 8 【 2012 山东】30. If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. A. haven t made B. wouldnt make C. didn t make D. hadn t made 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载9【2012 湖南】 29. Sor
43、ry ，I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 10 【2012 天津】 8. It s quite warm here; we _ turn the heating on yet. A. couldnt B. mustn t C. needn t D. wouldnt 11 【2012 天津】 15. We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _ us
44、 a ride home. A. didn t offer B. wouldnt offer C. hasn t offered D. hadn t offered 12 【2012 江西】 22. We _ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner. A. may not B. needn t C. can t D. mustn t 13 【2012 辽宁】 24. One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while a
45、t school. A. might B. could C. shall D. will 14 【2012 辽宁】 33. Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking. A. will do B. has done C. do D. did 15 【2012 四川】19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I _ do in China. A. must
46、 B. might C. can D. should 16 【2012 浙江】 19. Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts. A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had 17 【2012 江苏】 28. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _ say where he was. A. mustn t B. shouldnt C. wouldnt D. m
47、ightnt 18 【2012 江苏】 35. -Happy birthday! - Thank you! Its the best present I _ for. A. should have wished B. must have wished. C. may have wished D. could have wished 19 （2011 北京卷） 30. Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C.
48、had studied D. was studying 20（2011 北京卷）28. - Where are the children? The dinner s going to be completely 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载ruined. - I wish they _ always late. A. werentB. hadn t beenC. wouldn t beD
49、. wouldn t have been21 （2011 天津卷）15. I _ sooner but I didn t know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 22 （2011 江西卷）28. We _ John s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have p
50、ut 23（ 2011 江苏卷） 34. I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to the railway officials. How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone_ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 24 （2011 安徽卷） 26. What do you think of store shopping in