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1、情态动词与虚拟语气常考考点一情态动词 +have done 情态动词 +have done 表示对过去的虚拟情态动词 +have done 用法例句must have done 想必，准是，一定已经做了否定式为can t/couldn t have done It must have rained last night, for the road is quite muddy. can/could have done 本来能够做可能做了He could have finished the work in time. Can/Could he have gone to his aunts ? C
2、annot/could not have done 不可能已经做了He cannot have forgotten it. He couldn t have forgotten it. may/might have done 可能已经做了It s too late. I think he may have gone to bed. He may not have finished the work. 他也许还没完成那项工作Should/ought to have done 本该做，而实际上未做You ought to have done the work more carefully. 精选学
3、习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 18 页neednt have done 本不必做而做了You needn t have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house. had better have done 当时最好做了You had better not have scolded her.要是那时你没责骂她就好了。You had better have found a job. 要是当时你找到一份工作就好了would rather have done 宁愿当时做了
4、I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that. would like/love to have done 过去愿意做但未做成I would love to have gone to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish the work. 1. I have watched that movie it ll give me horrible dreams. A. Shouldn t B.needn t
5、 C.couldn t D.mustn t 2. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A.needn t B.wouldn t C.mustn t D.couldn t 3.-Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday. -Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 -
6、- - - - - -第 2 页，共 18 页A.must B.mustn t C.should D.shouldn t 4.It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A.may B.can C.must D.should 5. He didn t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. A.could express B. would express C.could have expressed D.mu
7、st have expressed 6. -I m sorry. I at you the other day. -Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself. C.mustn t shout D.mustn t have shouted 7.-Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -You it in the wrong place. A.must put B. should have put C.might put D.might have put 8. The
8、weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A.should have taken B.could have taken C.needn t have taken D. mustn t have taken 9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning. A.mayn t B.can t C.mustn t D.needn t 10.-How did you do on the driving t
9、est? -Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 18 页A.would do B.could have done C.mustn t have done D. should do 11.you have broken your promise; You painting the house long ago. A. could have finished B. had better finish C. must have f
10、inished D.should have finished 12.- I didn t go fishing last Sunday because my car broke down. - you mine. I wasn t using it. A.should borrow B. could have borrowed C.could borrow D.must have borrowed 13. My newly-purchased magazine is nowhere to be found. I have left it on the train? A.Could B. Sho
11、uld C.Must D.Would 14. You the meeting to tell me that .you could have come up to me afterwards. A.should have come to B.needn t have interrupted C.ought to attend D.mustn t go to 15. -What are you doing, dear? -I m watching the football game. -What? You your homework first. A.would have done B.must
12、 have done C.should have done D. may have done 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 18 页二情态动词常考情况1.can 表客观存在的可能如：Accidents can happen on such rainy days. Driving on the highway can be dangerous 2.shall 可以表示命令，警告，威胁，许诺，宣布法律规定时也要用shall. You shall leave the room at once. It has been ann
13、ounced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him he shall have it tomorrow. My father told me, “ You shall have a computer on your 18th birthday.”3.May well 与 may as well may well + 动词原形，表示很可能He may wel
14、l be proud of his son. Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her. may as well+动词原形，表示“最好，满可以，倒不如”You may as well do it at once. We may as well stay where we are. 4.must 表示偏要，硬要精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 18 页Must you make so much noise? If you mu
15、st smoke, please go out. 情态动词基本用法can,could 表能够，可能can t, couldn t 不会，不能够，不可能may 可能，征询许可might 可能should 应该，惊讶ought to 应该，must 必须，肯定的猜测mustn t 一定不要needn t, don t need to 不必shall 询问意见，表警告，威胁，许诺，规定would 表意愿，习惯练习1.It is usually warm in my hometown in march, but it be rather cold sometimes A. must B.can C.s
16、hould D.would 2.Peter be really difficult at times even though he s a nice person in general. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 18 页A. shall B.should C.can D.must 3.Don t let your head out of a moving bus, which lead to a terrible disaster. A.can B.should C.must D.will 4. -Can I p
17、ay the bill by check? -Sorry,sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash. cation 5.- What does the sign over there read? - “ No person smoke or carry a cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area. ”A.Will B. may C. shall D. must 6.-I haven t got the reference book yet, bu
18、t I ll have a test on the subject next month. -Don t worry, you have it by Friday. A.Could B.shall C.must D.may 7. Being examed twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver obey in this city. A.shall B.can C.ought to D.need 8.-Mum, would you please buy me an M
19、P5 player? -If you can help do some housework the whole vacation, you have one as a reward. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 18 页A.must B. need C.would D . shall 9. It is a set rule that all payment be made by the end of the month. A.will B. shall C. can D. may 10.Lisa well not w
20、ant to go on the trip. She hates travelling. A.will B. can C.must D.may 11. -The work will take me another week. I m really tired. -I think you as well consult an experienced worker. A. may B.can C.need D.must 12. If you talk about it with me, please wait till I finish my work at hand. A. can B. may
21、 C. must D. should 13. Nick, stop screaming like crasy! Why you watch that stupid football match at one in the morning? A. shall B. would C. should D. must 14. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will 15.-May I smoke here? -If you , choose a seat in the smoking
22、 section. A. Should B. could C.may D.must 16. -Why didn t you come to Simon s party last night? -I wanted to, but my mum simply not let me out so 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 18 页late at night. A.could B.might C. would D. should 17. -Are you going to the lecture tomorrow afte
23、rnoon? -I m not sure now. I go to Professor Black s class instead. A.might B. would C. should D. must 18. - I book a table for dinner a few dsays ahead of time? - Yes, you . The restaurant is always full, especially during the holidays. A.Must; will B. Must; can C. shall; shall D. shall; must 19. Yo
24、u can t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady. A. might B.need C. should D. would 20. My MP4 isn t in my bag. Where I have put it? A. can B. must C.should D. would 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 18 页三. 虚拟语气主从句时态虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If + 主语+动词 过 去 式(be 动 词用 were
25、) 主语+should /would/could/might+ 动词原形If I were you (Were I you), I should seize the chance to go abroad. 与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had done 主语+should/would/could/might+have done If you had taken my advice(Had you taken my advice), you would not have failed the exam. 与将来事实相反的假设1.If+ 主语+动 词 过去式2.If+ 主语+were to+d
26、o 3If+ 主 语+should do 主语+should/would/could/might+do If he should not come tomorrow(Should he not come tomorrow), we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 18 页练习1-John went to the hospital alone. -If he me about it, I would have gone with h
27、im. A.should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 2.-The weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables . A.wouldn t die B. didn t die C. hadn t died D. wouldn t have died 3.If we the other road, might have arrived here in time
28、for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy . A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved 5. If he my advice, he wouldn t have lost his job. A.followed B. should follow C. had fo
29、llowed D. would follow 6. be fired, your health care and other benefits wouldn t be 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 18 页immediately cut off. A would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 7. If English included in the examinations, few students would choose it.
30、 A. weren t B. isn t C. hasn t been D. hadn t been 8. -Mike , It s a pity you didn t come to last night s concert. It was really great! -Really? If I so busy, I would have gone with you. A.hadnt been B. weren t C. shouldn t be D. wouldn t be 9. it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put of
31、f until the same time next week. A.Should ; / B. If ; should C. Were; / D. If; were going 10. for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam. A. Had it not been B. Hadn t it been C. Was it not D. Were it not 把下列句子变成省略if 的形式1.If he had to
32、ld me about it, I would have gone with him. 2.If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better. 3.If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived here in 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 18 页time. 4.If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn t go hiking. 5.If he were a
33、bird, he would fly in the sky happily 四. 介词短语中的虚拟语气用介词短语代替条件句 ,常见的介词有 :,without, but for eg: Without your help, we couldn t have finished the work ahead of time. =But for your help, we couldn t have finished the work ahead of time. =Had it not been for your help, I couldn t have finished the work ah
34、ead of time. 练习1.Thank you for all your hard work last week, I don t think we It without you. A. can manage B.could have managed C.could manage D.can have managed 2.But for our help ,we the program in time. A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished 3.But for
35、 the help of my Eglish teacher, I the first prize in the English writing competition. A. would not win B. would not have won 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 18 页C.would win D.would have won 4. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A.In spite of B
36、. But for C. Because of D.As for 5.Without electronic computers, much of today s advanced technology A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D.had not been achieved 四.错综时间条件句 , 动词形式根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整eg: If you had followed my advice just now, you would
37、be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 1.If you had caught the early bus, you late now. A.Wouldn t be B. won t be c.wouldn t have been D. aren t 2. If you had found a good job then, you trouble buying the house now. A. won t have B. wouldn t have C. wouldn
38、 t had D. didn t have 3. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 4. “ If you to my party yesterday, you the reason why I 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 18 页am wearing the cloth
39、es now. ” Helen said to me. A.came; had known B.had come ; would know C. had come; would have known D. came; would know 五. 含蓄条件句例如I would have come, but I was ill that day. I was ill that day, or I would have come. 练习1.I you more help, but I was too busy. A.should have given B. gave C.will give D. s
40、hould give 2. I went on business that day. Otherwise, I you solve the problem. A. would help B. helped C. would have helped D. was helping 3. I didn t know you were ill, or I to the hospital to see you. A. would go B. would have gone C. have gone D. went 4. I sooner but I didn t know that they were
41、waiting for you. A.had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come 5.I had to look after my mother in the hospital.Otherwise,I part in your birthday party. A. would take B. did take C. had taken D. would have taken 六.表示建议,要求,命令等词(如精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 18 页sug
42、gest,propose,advice,require,request,demand, recommend, order,command,insist) 后的从句中 ,虚拟语气结构为should+ 动词原形 ,should 可以省略 .当 suggest 表示 “ 表明” , insist 表示 “ 坚持说过去发生过某事 ” 时不属于这种用法 . eg: He suggested that we (should ) start off early the next day. It s suggestesd that the meeting (should ) be put off till n
43、ext week. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should ) go to DaLian for sightseeing. My suggestion is that we (should ) put off the meeting. 练习1.Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn t allow D. couldn t al
44、low 2. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal. A. wouldn t B.couldn t C.needn t D. shouldn t 3.The boss required that the plans before April. A. turn in B turned in C. be turned in D. turning in 4.The general ordered that the soldiers toward the mountain. A. marched B. be mar
45、ched C. march D.marching 5.He had a proposal that the meeting 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 18 页A.put off B. be put off C. putting off D. would be put off 七.as if, as though,would rather, if only,wish 后面常接虚拟语气 . It s necessary/important/strange/natural/essential后 面 从 句 动 词 常
46、用(should)+do. It s (high) time that sb. Did sth./sb.should do sth. eg: He looks as if he were an artist. I would rather I were a bird. If only I were a bird. I wish I were a bird. It s (high time) that you went to school. It s (high) time that we should start out. 1. Gorge is going to talk about the
47、 geography of his country, but I d rather he more on its culture. A. Focus B.focused C.will focus D. had focused 2. -Where are the children? The dinner is going to be completely ruined. -I wish they always late. A. Weren t B. hadn t been C. wouldn t be D.wouldn t have been 3.It s strange that they n
48、othing about this matter. A.should know B.would know C.had known D.knew 4.How I wish I to my parent s advice. A.listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 18 页5.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice. A. follow B. would follow C.had followed D. followed 6. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese. A. were B.had been C. is D. has been 7. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages. A. has been B. was C. is D. had been 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 18 页