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1、The Name of Mark Twain Twains real name was Samuel Clemens.Mark Twain,which meanswatermark two,was a call used by sailors on the Mississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water. Mark Twain (1835 -1910)Mark Twain (1835 -1910) Mark Twain was a great American writer, and he was a
2、lso a famous speaker. Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) was born in Florida and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter. But with his mothers tender care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jok
3、es on all of his friends and neighbors. He didnt like to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home.Early life experienceEarly life experience Born in a little town in Mississippi At 11, he lost his father At 13, he stopped schooling Tramp printer Steamboat pilot on the Mississippi Confedera
4、te guerrilla Prospector Reporter on the far western frontier Traveler abroadHis MarriageHis Marriage At 34 years old he married Olivia Langdon Clemens, daughter of a New York coal magnate, a member of the countrys wealthy elite. She would be partner, editor, and fellow traveler in success and failur
5、e for the next thirty-five years. In His Middle AgesIn His Middle Ages By 1900 Twain had become Americas foremost celebrity. He was invited to attend ship launchings, anniversary gatherings, political conventions, and countless dinners. Reporters met him at every port of call, anxious to print a new
6、 quip from the famous humorist. To enhance his image, he took to wearing white suits and loved to stroll down the street and see people staring at him.His Later LifeHis Later Life There are many tragic events in his later life: the failure of his investments, his fatiguing travels and lectures in or
7、der to pay off his debts, and added to this, the death of his wife and two daughters which left him absolutely inconsolable. Some critics link these tragic events with the change of style in his later works, from an optimist and humorist to an almost despairing determinist.His DeathHis Death Mark Tw
8、ain died of illness on April 21, 1910. When he passed away, newspapers around the country declared, “The whole world is mourning.” By then, Sam Clemens had long since ceased to be a private citizen. He had become Mark Twain, a proud possession of the American nation.Mark Twain and the Mark Twain and
9、 the MississippiMississippi Mark Twain loved the great river so much that he always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi. Many of his great works are set in the background of the Mississippi River, such as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, and Life on the M
10、ississippi. Samuel Clemens Major WorksThe Gilded Age 镀金时代 written in collaboration with Charles Dudley WarnerLife on the Mississippi 密西西比河上A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court亚瑟王朝里的康涅狄格州美国佬The Man That Corrupted Hardleybug败坏了哈德莱堡的人The Mysterious Stranger 神秘的陌生人Autobiography These works contain
11、 bitter attacks on the human raceThe Innocents Abroad 傻子国外旅行记Roughing It艰难岁月Puddnhead Wilson傻瓜维尔逊The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫民 American Claimant美国申请人 Mark Twains Writing Features1.local colourrepresented social life through portraits of local places which he knew best drew from his own rich fund of
12、 knowledge of people and places tall tales (highly exaggerated) a texture of most local color literature，a kink of humor 2. Literature is an art of language. Mark Twains language is artistic and like a sharp weapon without doubt. Mark Twain is famous for his humor and satire. He used the artistic st
13、yle of hyperbole（夸张法 ）on the basis of the western traditional humor and made his writing full of allegories that lay behind the humor. Mark Twains Writing Features 3. He used a lot of colloquial idioms and colloquial syntax. a master oflanguage shortconcrete direct in effect simple, even ungrammatic
14、al sentence & structures words he used colloquial language, vernacular language, dialects American dialect an American language Mark Twains Writing Features 4. He often described persons who was innocent, simple, naive, and ignorant as his heroes or heroines. Mark Twains Writing FeaturesMark Twains
15、Life and Writing: Mark Twain is a great literary giant of America, whom H.L.Mencken considered “the true father of our national literature.” With works like Adventure of Huckleberry Finn 哈克贝利芬历险记(1884) and Life on the Mississippi密西西比河上的生活 (1883) Twain shaped the worlds view of America and made a mor
16、e extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done. Mark Twain, Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was born on November 30, 1835, in Missouri, and grew up in the river town of Hannibal. After his father died, he began to seek his own fortune
17、.He once worked as a journeyman printer, a steamboat pilot, a newspaper columnist and as a lecturer. Twains writing took the form of humorous journalism of the time, and it enabled him to master the technique of narration. Twain as a Local Colorist Twain is also known as a local colorist, who prefer
18、red to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, and other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on. Consequently, the rich material of his boyhood experience on the Mississippi became the en
19、dless resources for his fiction, and the Mississippi valley and the West became his major theme. Unlike James and Howells, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people, because they were the people he knew so well and their life was the one he himself had lived. Moreover he successfully used local
20、color and historical settings to illustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.Twains Use of Vernacular Another fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. His words are colloquial, concrete and direct in effect, and his sentence structures are simple
21、, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken language. And Twain skillfully used the colloquialism to cast his protagonists in their everyday life. Whats more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of
22、his local colorism. Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim. Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable literary medium in the
23、 literary history of the country. His style of language was later taken up by his descendants, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway, and influenced generations of letters.His Humor Mark Twains humor is remarkable, too. It is fun to read Twain to begin with, for most of his works tend to be funny,
24、containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall tales(荒诞不经的故事). By considering his experience as a newspaperman, Mark Twain shared the popular image of the American funny man whose punning, facetious, irreverent articles filled the newspapers,
25、and a great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic st
26、yle used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.Mark Twains MasterpiecesMark Twains MasterpiecesHis Famous WordsHis Famous Words “Wisdom teaches us that none but birds should go out early, and that not even birds should do it unless they are out of worms.”“The best wa
27、y to cheer yourself up is to try to cheer somebody else up.” “Against the assault of laughter, nothing can stand.”“Humor is mankinds greatest blessing.”“Fleas can be taught nearly anything that a Congressman can.” It could probably be shown by facts and figures that there is no distinctly native Ame
28、rican criminal class except Congress.Picture from www.pbs.org“Classic-a book which people praise and dont read.” “The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man who cant read them.”“Everyone is a moon, and has a dark side which he never shows to anybody.” Picture from Dave Thomso
29、n collection: “The holy passion of Friendship is so sweet and steady and loyal and enduring a nature that will last through a whole lifetime, if not asked to lend money.Picture from Dave Thomson collection: “The dog is a gentleman; I hope to go to his heaven, not mans.” Picture from Dave Thomson col
30、lection: “Of all Gods creatures there is only one that cannot be made the slave of the lash. That one is the cat. If man could be crossed with the cat it would improve man, but it would deteriorate the cat.”Picture from Dave Thomson collection: “Nothing is made in vain, but the fly came near it.” “I
31、d rather have ten snakes in the house than one fly.”Good breeding consists in concealing how much we think of ourselves and how little we think of the other person.A Mirror of AmericaA Mirror of America1. “Mirror” here means a person who gives a true representation or description of the country. 2.
32、Generally speaking, all literary giants in human history are also great historians, thinkers and philosophers. Their works often reveal more truth than many political essays. 3. Mark Twain was one of these giants, and his life and works are a mirror of America of his time. A Brief AssessmentA Brief AssessmentHe was famous for his description of common people and the way they talked, but especially for his humor. Yale and Oxford honored him for his writing.美国文学界的美国文学界的林肯林肯。一位伟大的作家，一位优秀的一位伟大的作家，一位优秀的演说家。演说家。代表美国文学的世界一流作家。代表美国文学的世界一流作家。他是怀有赤子之心的勇士，亦他是怀有赤子之心的勇士，亦是仗义执剑的骑士。是仗义执剑的骑士。