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1、小学英语语法复习要点一、名词可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。可数名词复数规则：1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾，加 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，变y 为 i, 再加-es，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“ f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe
2、 为 v, 再加 -es，如： knife-knives 5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice 冰） ，抽象的名词（ help 帮助， m
3、usic 音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如some water）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数photo _ diary _ day_ dress _ thief _ yo-yo _ peach_ juice_ water _ rice_ tea _ man_ woman_ banana _ bus_ child _ foot _ sheep _ leaf( 树叶) _ dish _ knife _ pen_ boy_ baby_ map _ city _ box _ book _ class _ eye _ office _ car_ fox( 狐狸) _ watch _ libra
4、ry _ pear _ skirt _ shelf _ cinema _ tomato _ tooth _ wife_ Englishman_ paper _ milk_ Frenchman _ postman _ family _ mouse _ people ( 人们) _ fish _ brush _ mango _ Japanese _ sandwich _ policeman_ watermelon_ Chinese_ strawberry _ match _ glass _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 2
5、7 页学校的时态练习- 一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成：1. be 动词：主语 +be(am, is, are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。注意 ： （我用 am，你用 are，三单 is，复数 are。 ）2.行为动词：主语 +行为动词 (+其它 )。如：
6、 We study English.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）一般现在时的变化：1. be 动词的变化。肯定句：主语 +be+其它。如： He is a worker. 他是工人。否定句：主语 + be + not +其它。He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句： Be +主语+其它。 (be 动词移到句首 ) 如： I am a student. -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑
7、问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如： My bike is under the tree. Is your bike under the tree? Where is your bike? 2.行为动词的变化。肯定句：主语 +动词原形 (+其它 )。否定句：主语 + dont( doesnt ) +动词原形 (+其它 )。如： I like bread. I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如： He ofter plays football. He doesnt often play football. 一般疑问句： Do( Does ) +主
8、语+动词原形 +其它。 （句首加助动词do, does ）如： I often play football. - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：She goes to school by bike. - Does she go to school by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：She goes to school by bike. Does she go to sch
9、ool by bike? How does she go to school? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 27 页动词+s 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，变y 为 i, 再加-es，如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数d
10、rink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_do_ teach_ 二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _
11、your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they? 三、按照要求改写句子1. David watches TV every evening.( 改为否定句 ) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ _ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) _ _ 4. Helen likes playing com
12、puter games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句 ) _ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句 ) _ 7. I like taking photos in the park.( 对划线部分提问 ) _ 8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问 ) _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 27 页6.我们非常喜欢英语。We _ English _ _. 7.他常常步行去
13、上学。He usually _ _ _ _ _. 8.他努力学习英语。He _ _ hard. 9.她学英语吗？_ she _ _? 10.他是做什么工作的？_ is his _? 11.他不在家里做作业。He _ _ _ _ at home. 12.我们星期天不去学。We _ _ _ _ on Sundays. 13.他经常十点钟睡觉。He often _ _ _ _ _ . 14.有时我五点钟起床。Sometimes, I _ _ _ _. 15.他们早上七点钟去上学。They _ _ _ at seven _ _ _. 学校时态讲解 - 现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作
14、，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now, look, listen.）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 27 页2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词 ing. 如：Tom is reading books in his study . 3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not。如：Tom is reading books in his study . Tom is not reading books in his study . 4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。如：To
15、m is reading books in his study . Is Tom reading books in his study ？5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句 ? （注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doing）如：Tom is reading books in his study . Tom is reading books in his study . Is Tom reading books in his study ? Is Tom reading books in his study ? What is To
16、m doing in his study? Where is Tom reading books? 动词加 ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的e 结尾，去 e加 ing，如： make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _
17、 dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _ 2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _ _ 3.I m playing the football in the playground .( 对划线部分进行提问) _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部
18、分进行提问) _ 四、现在进行时翻译练习1.我正在读英语。I _ _ English. 2.他正在写字。He _ _. 3.你正在唱歌吗？是的，我在唱歌。不，我不在唱歌。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 27 页_ you _? Yes, _ _ _. / No, _ _ _. 4.他(她)在听音乐吗？_ he/she _ _ _? 5.你正在干什么？我正在做作业。_ are you _? I m _ _ _. 6.看！杰克正在游泳。Look, Jack _ _. 7.听！她正在唱歌。Listen, she _ _. 四、
19、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构 ：be going to + do；如： I am going to go swimming tomorrow. will+ do. 如： I will go swimming tomorrow. 三、否定句 ：在 be 动词（ am, is, are）后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 wont。如：I am go
20、ing to go swimming tomorrow. I am not going to go swimming tomorrow. I will go swimming tomorrow. I will not go swimming tomorrow. 四、一般疑问句 ： be动词或 will 提到句首， some改为 any, and改为 or，第一二人称互换。如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow. Are you going to go swimming tomorrow? I will go swimming tomorrow. Will yo
21、u go swimming tomorrow? 五、对划线部分提问。(疑问词 +一般疑问句 ?) 一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 27 页1、问人。 Who 例如： I am going to school. Tom will go to school. Are you going to school? Will Tom go to school? Whos going to school? Who will go to school? 2、问干什么。 What do.例如：M
22、y father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. Is your father going to watch a race with you this afternoon. ？What is your father going to do with you this afternoon ？My father will watch a race with me this afternoon. Will your father watch a race with you this afternoon. ？What will your
23、 father do with you this afternoon ？3、问什么时候。 When.例如： She is going to swim at nine. She will swim at nine. Is she going to swim at nine？Will she swim at nine ？When is she going to swim？When will she swim? 六、同义句 ：be going to = will (be going to 常指客观情况， will 常指主观情况 ) I am going to go swimming tomorrow
24、 （明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 一、填空。1我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go sho
25、pping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet? 二、改句子。1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping. 2. Ill go and join them. （改否定）I _ go _ join them. 3. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. （改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 4. We
26、will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school? 6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上 ) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 三、用所给词的适当形式填
27、空。1. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 27 页school by bike. 4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually
28、_ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects? 5. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and (catch) insects. 6. What _ (do) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows. 7. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 8. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites
29、 in the playground yesterday. 9. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 10. I _ (plan) for my study now. 五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。 （was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。 （were not=werent）带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am,
30、 are一样，即否定句在was 或 were 后加not，一般疑问句把was或 were 调到句首。3句中没有be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didnt + 动词原形，如： Jim went home yesterday. Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? What
31、 did Jim do yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d，如： taste-tasted 3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如： stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的，变y 为 i， 再加-ed，如： study-studied 5不规则动词过去式：词义现在（原形）过去是am, is (be)was是are (be)were成为becomebecame开始beginbegan精选学习资料 - - - - -
32、- - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 27 页弯曲bendbent吹blowblew买buybought能cancould捕捉catchcaught选择choosechose来comecame切cutcut做do, doesdid画drawdrew饮drinkdrank吃eatate感觉feelfelt发现findfound飞flyflew忘记forgetforgot得到getgot给givegave走gowent成长growgrew有have, hashad听hearheard受伤hurthurt保持keepkept知道knowknew学习learnlear
33、ned, learnt允许，让letlet躺lielay制造makemade可以maymight意味meanmeant会见meetmet必须mustmust放置putput读readread骑、乘riderode响、鸣ringrang跑runran说saysaid看见seesaw将shallshould精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 27 页唱歌singsang坐下sitsat睡觉sleepslept说speakspoke度过spendspent扫sweep swept 过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_
34、 plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be 动词的过去时练习（1）一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1I _ at school just now. 2He _ at the camp last week. 3We _ students two years ago. 4They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.
35、 6There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、句型转换1. It was exciting. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 2. All the students were very excited. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 3. They were in his pocket. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯
36、、否定回答： _ Be 动词的过去时练习（2）一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1I _ an English teacher now. 2She _ happy yesterday. 3They _ glad to see each other last month. 4Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 27 页5The little dog _ two years old this year. 6Look, there _ lots of grapes h
37、ere. 7There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited. 二、句型转换1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 三、中译英1. 我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。My storybook _ beside the w
38、atch _ _. 2. 他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。Their _ _ in the bedroom _ _. 3. 一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。There _ two _ in the garden _ _ _. 行为动词的过去时练习（1）一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween. 4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last we
39、ek. 5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party. 二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 2. Nancy
40、 went to school early. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 3. We sang some English songs. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 行为动词的过去时练习（2）Name _ No. _ Date _ 一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 27 页1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3.
41、 We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden las
42、t morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 三、中译英1. 格林先生去年住在中国。Mr Green _ _ China _ _. 2. 昨天我们参观了农场。We _ a farm _. 3. 他刚才在找他的手机。He _ his _ _ _ now. 过去时综合练习（1）一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday. 2. We all _
43、(have) a good time last night. 3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday. 5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read) 6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play) 7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now. 8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor
44、on Sunday? No, they _. 9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday. 二、中译英1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。We _ a film _ _. 2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。_ he _ his r_ and _ last _ _? Yes, he _. 3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。What _ you _ last _ _? We _ the zoo. 4. 你上周在哪儿 ?在野营基地。Where _ you _ _? I _ at a _. 过去
45、时综合练习（2）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 27 页一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car. 2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 3. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean) 4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some h
46、ousework. (do) 5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago. 6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick) 7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water) 8. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances. 9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 10.
47、What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk) 二、中译英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。His friend _ _ _ his brother. 2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。We _ _ to watch the _ _ races last _ _ _. 3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。_ he _ _ _ at the _ lesson? No, he _. 六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习A、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more
48、, a little 来修饰表示程度。than 后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2形容词加er 的规则：一般在词尾加er ；以字母 e 结尾，加 r ；以辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾(除 ow 结尾)， 应双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加 er ；以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，先把y 变 i，再加 er 。(5) 两个音节或两个以上的音节的, 在原级前加more 如：beautiful-more beautiful 3不规则形容词比较级：good-better B、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别(有 be 用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动) 在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be
49、动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化： well-better, far-farther) 表示两者之间没有差别时, 使用句型：主语( 第一个人物 ) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 + .如： Lily ran as slow as an old woman.( 莉莉跑得像老太太一样慢) They picked as many apples as the farmers. (他们摘的苹果和农民一样多) 表示第一个人比不上第二个人时, 使用句型：主语( 第一个人物 ) + 谓语动词 (
50、 否定式 ) + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 27 页如： Lily did not run as slow as an old woman. ( 莉莉跑得不像老太太那样慢) They didnt pick as many apples as the farmers. ( 他们摘的苹果不如农民多) 一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_ strong_ big_ small_ fat_ thin_ h