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1、Unit 4Public transport. 立体记单词立体记单词 快速识记快速识记1. _ (vt. ) 输送，运送输送，运送; 表达表达2. _ (vt. ) 延迟，延期延迟，延期3. _ (vi. &vt. ) (使使)窒息；窒息；(使使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞哽咽；塞满，堵塞 (n. ) 哽咽声，呛住的声音哽咽声，呛住的声音4. _ (vt. & vi. ) 承担，从事；承诺，答应承担，从事；承诺，答应5. _ (n. ) 权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权6. _ (vt. & vi. ) 扩大，扩展，增大扩大，扩展，增大conveypostpone
2、chokeundertakeauthorityenlarge7. _ (n. ) 地铁地铁8. _ (n. ) 站台，月台；平台；讲台，舞台站台，月台；平台；讲台，舞台9. _ (vi. & vt. ) 分割，分割，(使使)分开；撕开，割破分开；撕开，割破10. _ (adj. ) 每年的，一年一次的每年的，一年一次的11. _ (vi. ) 出现，产生出现，产生12. _ (n. ) 负荷，负载；大量，许多负荷，负载；大量，许多 (vt. ) 装载，装上，装入装载，装上，装入13. _ (n. )增加；成长增加；成长_ (vt. )种植种植(vi. )增长；成长；生长增长；成长；生长subw
3、ayplatformsplitannualariseloadgrowthgrow14. _ (adj. )准时的，守时的准时的，守时的_ (adv. )准时地准时地15. _ (vt. & vi. )扩大，增大扩大，增大_ (adj. )大的大的16. _ (n. )离开，出发；背离离开，出发；背离_ (vt. )离开，出发，启程离开，出发，启程17. _ (adv. )遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地_ (adj. )幸幸运的运的_ (n. )幸运幸运18. _ (adj. )非常坏非常坏(或非常好、非常极端或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的，令人难以置信的的_ (v. )相
4、信相信_ (n. )信仰信仰19. _ (n. )询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究_ (v. )询问，询问，打听打听punctualpunctuallyenlargelargedeparturedepartunfortunatelyfortunatefortuneunbelievablebelievebeliefenquiryenquire20. _ (n. )接待员接待员_ (n. )接待处接待处_ (vt. )接接待，招待待，招待21. _ (n. )预订，预约；保留意见预订，预约；保留意见_ (v. )预订，预约预订，预约22. _ (adj. )好斗的，挑衅的，
5、富于攻击性的好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的_ (n. )好斗情绪，攻击性好斗情绪，攻击性_ (n. )侵略者，挑衅者侵略者，挑衅者23. _ (vt. )违犯，违反；侵犯违犯，违反；侵犯_ (n. )违反违反24. _ (n. )人行横道；十字路口，交叉点；穿越人行横道；十字路口，交叉点；穿越_ (vt. )穿穿过过receptionistreceptionreceivereservationreserveaggressiveaggressionaggressorviolateviolationcrossingcross【语境应用语境应用】用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空Custom
6、ers are advised to make a _ (reserve) in advance. _ (fortunate)，his mother died when he was very young. Although I have much belief in him，I dont believe this story. He is always telling us _ (believable) things. He got dead _ (drink) on only two cans of beer. The school trip has become an _ (annual
7、ly) event. He was _ (fine) 200 yuan for violation of the traffic regulations. reservationUnfortunatelyunbelievabledrunkannualfinedI asked the photographer to _ (large) the picture. The work was _ (undertake) by members of the committee. At that time，I found it hard to _ (convey) my feelings in words
8、. When I reached the port，the workers were _ (load) the ship with rice. enlargeundertakenconveyloading. 多维练短语多维练短语 查缺补漏查缺补漏1. link up _2. at(. . . )intervals _*3. split up _*4. turn up _*5. arise from _6. give approval to _7. direct the defence against _8. keep pace with _9. in total _10. a handful
9、of _联合；连接联合；连接每隔每隔距离或时间距离或时间分组，分解；分离分组，分解；分离出现，到来；调高出现，到来；调高(音量等音量等)起因于；由起因于；由引起引起批准批准起到起到防御作用防御作用并驾齐驱并驾齐驱总计总计少数的少数的, 少量的少量的*11. _ 中途下客或卸货中途下客或卸货 12. _ 给某人接通给某人接通(电话电话)；使经历；使经历*13. _ 推迟，拖延；使反感推迟，拖延；使反感14. _ 填写填写(表格表格)；消磨；消磨(时间时间) *15. _ (使使)加速加速 16. _ 被被困住困住 *17. _ 决定，选定决定，选定drop offput throughput o
10、fffill inspeed upbe caught indecide on/upon【语境应用语境应用】选用上面带星号的短语填空选用上面带星号的短语填空At the end of the bridge the expressway is _ into two roads. Have you _ a date for your wedding? Misunderstanding _ lack of social communication，unless properly handled，may lead to serious problems. The doctor said these dr
11、ugs would _ his recovery. We _ our luggage _ at the hotel and went out for lunch. split updecided onarising fromspeed updroppedoff. 超级仿句式超级仿句式 模仿经典模仿经典1. Why would many people choose to travel by airplane rather than by ship? (rather than“而不是而不是”)【仿写仿写】一个有太多钱的人麻烦会更多而不是更少。一个有太多钱的人麻烦会更多而不是更少。A person
12、with too much money has more _ fewer troubles. rather than2. As better ways for digging tunnels were developed, the first railwaytunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884. (as引导时间状语从引导时间状语从句句)【仿写仿写】随着年龄的增长，我们的视力会变差。随着年龄的增长，我们的视力会变差。_, our eyesight becomes worse. As we get older3. So，why not take
13、 a trip on the oldest underground system today？(Why not do. . . ？为什么不？为什么不？)【仿写仿写】为什么不阻止他们污染这条河呢？为什么不阻止他们污染这条河呢？_Why not stop them from polluting the river?4. Below are some of the major causes of road accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars，minibuses and lorries，and what drivers should d
14、o to prevent them. (介词短语放句首，完全倒装介词短语放句首，完全倒装)【仿写仿写】从窗户里飘进美妙的音乐。从窗户里飘进美妙的音乐。_ the sweet music. Through the window came in5. It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety. (Its up to sb. to do sth. “由某人决由某人决定做某事定做某事”)【仿写仿写】我们大家都有责任解决我们街区的问题。我们
15、大家都有责任解决我们街区的问题。_ the problems in our neighbourhood. Its up to all of us to solve. 重点单词重点单词1. postpone vt. 延迟，延期延迟，延期【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】Lets _ _ a decision until we have more information. 咱们等获取更多信息之后再作决定吧。咱们等获取更多信息之后再作决定吧。postpone making【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】postpone (doing) sth. 推迟推迟(做做)某事某事postpone sth. to
16、/until. . . 把把推迟到推迟到We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th. 我们把比赛日期从我们把比赛日期从3月月5日推迟到日推迟到3月月19日。日。Because it was raining, we postponed the match until tomorrow. 因为下雨，我们把比赛推迟到明天举行。因为下雨，我们把比赛推迟到明天举行。2. undertake vt. & vi. 承担，从事；承诺，答应承担，从事；承诺，答应【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】He sat down beside her and _ _
17、 _ her to speak. 他坐在她旁边开始教她说话。他坐在她旁边开始教她说话。undertook to teach【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】undertake that . . . 承诺承诺undertake to do. . . 着手做着手做，答应做，答应做undertake for. . . 为为负责负责If you undertake the task, you are bound to encounter many difficulties. 如果你承担这项任务，你不可避免地要遇到很多困难。如果你承担这项任务，你不可避免地要遇到很多困难。(2013江西高考江西高考)The
18、 United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. 联合国组织承担指导援助的分配。联合国组织承担指导援助的分配。3. arise (arose，arisen) vi. 出现，产生出现，产生【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】Science _ _ the practical necessity of dealing with everyday problems. 科学出自人们处理日常问题的实际需要。科学出自人们处理日常问题的实际需要。arises from【知识构建知识构建记一记
19、记一记】arise fromarise out of 由由引起引起/产生；起源于；产生；起源于； 从从升起，上升升起，上升if the need arises 如果有需要如果有需要Emotional or mental problems can arise out of a physical cause. 身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。We can have another meeting if the need arises. 如果有需要，我们可以再开一次会。如果有需要，我们可以再开一次会。【巧学助记巧学助记看一看看一看】【明晰异同明晰异同辨
20、一辨辨一辨】arise不及物动词不及物动词, 意为意为“出现出现; 发生发生”rise不及物动词不及物动词, 意为意为“上升上升; 起床起床; 升起升起”, 说明主语自身移说明主语自身移向更高的位置向更高的位置raise及物动词及物动词, 意为意为“抬高抬高; 提高提高”, 说明主语的动作作用于其说明主语的动作作用于其他事物他事物4. load n. C负荷，负载；大量，许多负荷，负载；大量，许多 vt. 装载，装上，装入装载，装上，装入【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】Learning without wisdom is _ _ _ books on asss back. 有学问无智慧就像书本
21、驮在驴背上。有学问无智慧就像书本驮在驴背上。a load of【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】take a load off ones mind 卸下心上的重负卸下心上的重负loads ofa load of 许多许多load. . . with. . . 用用装载装载load. . . onto/into 把把装到装到上去上去be loaded with 负载负载The good news has taken a load off my mind. 这条好消息使我如释重负。这条好消息使我如释重负。How long will it take to load the coal onto the
22、truck? 装这车煤需要多长时间？装这车煤需要多长时间？(2013浙江高考浙江高考)Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. 通常最早形式的广告涉及一个新来的满载货物的船。通常最早形式的广告涉及一个新来的满载货物的船。【巧学助记巧学助记看一看看一看】【要点拾遗要点拾遗】1. convey vt. 运送，输送；表达，传达运送，输送；表达，传达【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】When I returned home, I tried to _ the wonde
23、r of this machine to my husband. 回到家后，我竭力地想把这台机器的精妙之处描述给丈夫听。回到家后，我竭力地想把这台机器的精妙之处描述给丈夫听。convey【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】convey sth. to sp. 运送某物到某处运送某物到某处convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达向某人表达/传递传递convey ones feelings/meanings 表达某人的感情表达某人的感情/意思意思Eyes tell a lot about a person; they convey ones feelings, character and em
24、otions. 眼神可以表露一个人的很多信息；它们传达人的情感、表达个性和情眼神可以表露一个人的很多信息；它们传达人的情感、表达个性和情绪。绪。2. split vi. & vt. 分割，分割，(使使)分开；撕开，割破分开；撕开，割破【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】Shes _ _ _ her boyfriend because of different characters. 由于性格不合，她已和男友分手了。由于性格不合，她已和男友分手了。split up with【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】split up 分组；分解；分离，解散；绝交分组；分解；分离，解散；绝交split (up)
25、with sb. 与与断绝关系；分手断绝关系；分手split sb. up 拆散某人拆散某人split (up) into . . . 分开分开(成几部分成几部分)About two-thirds of the boys leave school, the others split (up) into Science and Arts. 大约三分之二的男生离校，其余的人分成文理科两大类。大约三分之二的男生离校，其余的人分成文理科两大类。【即学即练即学即练】. 单词拼写单词拼写1. We reported the car accident to the local _ (官方官方). 2. He
26、 _ (承担承担)the most difficult task willingly. 3. Thank you for making _ (询问询问)of my mother about her health. 4. Being _ (准时的准时的)for classes was essential；no one was allowed to be late. 5. So every culture has developed a formal way to greet strangers to show them we are not _ (攻击性的攻击性的). authoritiesun
27、dertookenquiriespunctualaggressive. 完成句子完成句子 1. Words failed to _(表达我的感受表达我的感受) the moment I saw my long-lost sister. 2. We had to _(推迟我们的参观推迟我们的参观) to the pyramids because we didnt have enough time to see them before we left Egypt. 3. The police _(承诺会保护承诺会保护这座建筑这座建筑). 4. A number of high buildings
28、_(出现出现) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. convey my feelingspostpone our visitundertook the job of guarding the buildinghave arisen5. She is under great pressure from _(繁重的学习负繁重的学习负担担). heavy study loads. 单项填空单项填空1. No one can understand _ a decision until it is too late to do so. A. him
29、 to postpone to makeB. him to postpone makingC. his postponing to makeD. his postponing making【解析解析】选选D。考查非谓语动词。句意。考查非谓语动词。句意: 人们无法理解他的迟迟不做人们无法理解他的迟迟不做决定。等到做决定时决定。等到做决定时, 为时已晚。为时已晚。understand后应跟动名词后应跟动名词(短语短语)作宾作宾语语, 故排除故排除A、B项。项。postpone(推迟推迟)后也应跟动名词作宾语后也应跟动名词作宾语, 因此因此D为为正确选项。正确选项。2. That is one of
30、 the most challenging engineering projects they have ever _ . A. undertaken B. understoodC. focused on D. paid to【解析解析】选选A。句意。句意: 那是他们从事过的最具挑战性的工程项目之一。那是他们从事过的最具挑战性的工程项目之一。undertake“承担承担, 从事从事”符合句意。符合句意。3. He _ early the next morning, finding the brook _ one foot. A. raised; raised B. arose; had rai
31、sedC. had arisen; risen D. rose; had risen【解析解析】选选D。考查动词和时态。句意。考查动词和时态。句意: 他第二天早上起得早他第二天早上起得早, 结果发结果发现小河水已经上涨了一英尺。此处现小河水已经上涨了一英尺。此处“起床起床”为过去时为过去时; “小河水已经小河水已经上涨上涨”为过去的过去为过去的过去, 用过去完成时。另外用过去完成时。另外, raise为及物动词后须跟宾为及物动词后须跟宾语语; rise为不及物动词。为不及物动词。4. The workers are _ the truck with baskets. A. loading B.
32、 carryingC. mixing D. throwing【解析解析】选选A。句意。句意: 工人们正在把筐装到卡车上。工人们正在把筐装到卡车上。load. . . with. . . “用用装载装载”符合句意。符合句意。5. More often than not it is difficult to _ the exact meaning of a Chinese idiom in English. A. exchange B. transferC. convey D. speak【解析解析】选选C。句意。句意: 通常用确切的英语表达汉语成语是很难的。通常用确切的英语表达汉语成语是很难的。
33、exchange“交换交换, 交流交流”; transfer“转移转移, 兑换兑换”; convey“运送运送; 表达表达”; speak“讲讲, 说说”。. 常考短语常考短语1. link up 联合，连接；使结合；使连接联合，连接；使结合；使连接【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】Engineers can _ _ distant countries by radio or telephone. 工程师们用无线电或电话可把相距遥远的国家联系在一起。工程师们用无线电或电话可把相距遥远的国家联系在一起。link up【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】link up with 连接，联合连接，联合li
34、nk . . . to/with 将将与与联系或连接起来联系或连接起来be linked to 与与有关有关The two satellites will link up with one another in space. 两颗卫星要在太空中接头了。两颗卫星要在太空中接头了。The pay will be linked to the inflation rate. 将工资与通货膨胀率挂钩。将工资与通货膨胀率挂钩。【对接高考对接高考做一做做一做】用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空(2014江苏高考江苏高考)You, little daughter, are the link _ our fema
35、le line, the legacy of another womans pain and sacrifice 31 years ago. to2. put off 推迟，延期；使反感推迟，延期；使反感【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】He keeps _ _ _ to the dentist. 他把看牙医的事一拖再拖。他把看牙医的事一拖再拖。putting off going【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】put away 把把收起来，放好；储存收起来，放好；储存put down 放下；写下，记下；镇压放下；写下，记下；镇压put up 建造，搭建；举起；留宿；提高；张贴；提出建造，搭建；举
36、起；留宿；提高；张贴；提出(意见等意见等)put up with 忍受，忍耐忍受，忍耐put through 接通接通(电话电话)；完成；使经受；完成；使经受Anybody can put up with anything for two weeks. 在两周内，任何人都可以忍受做任何事。在两周内，任何人都可以忍受做任何事。Your call has been put through. 你的电话接通了。你的电话接通了。3. turn up 出现，露面；出现，露面； 改短衣服；开大音量；调大改短衣服；开大音量；调大【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】写出黑体部分的含义写出黑体部分的含义Please
37、turn up the desk lamp a bit. ( )We invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up. ( )She was a little girl, so mother turned up her skirt. ( )He turned up the volume on the television so that some could hear clearly at the corner. ( )调大调大出现，露面出现，露面改短衣服改短衣服开大音量开大音量【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】turn ar
38、ound 翻身，转身翻身，转身turn down 拒绝；调小拒绝；调小turn out 生产；结果是；证明是生产；结果是；证明是turn over 移交移交turn on/off 打开打开/关掉关掉turn to sb. 向某人求助向某人求助New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. 新科技让生产新产品更快，成本更低。新科技让生产新产品更快，成本更低。Dont turn off the computer before closing all program
39、s, or you could have problems. 在关掉所有程序之前不要关电脑，否则就会出问题。在关掉所有程序之前不要关电脑，否则就会出问题。【对接高考对接高考做一做做一做】(2014安徽高考安徽高考)When the sports hero _ at our party, he was welcomed with open arms. A. turned up B. left offC. moved on D. got away【解析解析】选选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 当运动英雄出现在我们的当运动英雄出现在我们的聚会上的时候聚会上的时候, 他受到热烈欢
40、迎。他受到热烈欢迎。turn up出现出现, 调高调高(音量等音量等); leave off停止停止, 中断中断; move on前进前进; get away离开。离开。4. speed up (使使)加速加速【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】The new government _ _ _ the building of houses. 新政新政府加快了房屋建设的速度。府加快了房屋建设的速度。has speeded up【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】at high/low/full/top speed 以高以高/低低/全全/最高速最高速at a speed of 以以速度速度pick up
41、speed/gather speed 加速加速slow down (反反)减速减速Even worse, if there were no change about that，diseases would spread at a very quick speed. 更糟的是，如果没有变化，疾病就会快速蔓延。更糟的是，如果没有变化，疾病就会快速蔓延。【对接高考对接高考做一做做一做】(2013山东高考山东高考)According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to ca
42、use harm to the pedestrians. 译：根据设计者的说法，为了不对行人造成伤害，译：根据设计者的说法，为了不对行人造成伤害，Lampbrella将将_移动。移动。以相对较低的速度以相对较低的速度【拓展延伸拓展延伸】with, at与与speed搭配意不同搭配意不同 表示抽象、模糊的速度时，表示抽象、模糊的速度时，speed前的介词往往用前的介词往往用with，如，如with speed，with all speed，with great/amazing speed；而表示极端或具体；而表示极端或具体的速度时，往往用的速度时，往往用at, 如如at full speed，a
43、t high speed，at top speed，at low speed，at ordinary speed，at a speed of. . . 等。等。【要点拾遗要点拾遗】1. put through 给某人接通给某人接通(电话电话)；使经历；使成功；使经历；使成功【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】写出黑体部分含义写出黑体部分含义These reforms in education are likely to be put through in a few months. ( )If shes not in, can you put me through to her secretary
44、? ( )You have put your family through a lot in this accident recently. ( )使成功使成功接通接通经历经历【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】see through 看穿看穿look through 仔细检查；浏览仔细检查；浏览pull through 完成完成(难事难事)；康复；康复go through 通过；经历；仔细察看通过；经历；仔细察看get through 通过，接通电话；使通过，接通电话；使(某人某人)理解；度过理解；度过2. decide on/upon 决定，选定决定，选定【思维激活思维激活试一试试一试】Fin
45、ally she _ _ the yellow dress instead of the green one. 最终她决定穿黄色衣服而不穿绿色衣服。最终她决定穿黄色衣服而不穿绿色衣服。decided on【知识构建知识构建记一记记一记】decide for/against 作出对作出对有利有利/不利的判决不利的判决decision n. 决定决定decide on. . . as 决定把决定把作为作为make/come to/arrive at/reach a decision 作出决定作出决定She has decided on art as a career. 她决定选择艺术为职业。她决定
46、选择艺术为职业。He decided against a holiday in Hawaii. 他决定不去夏威夷度假。他决定不去夏威夷度假。【即学即练即学即练】单项填空单项填空1. The television screens of the next century _ to an emerging world telecommunications grid. A. will link up B. will be linked upC. will be linking up D. linked up【解析解析】选选B。句意。句意: 下个世纪的电视屏幕将会接入到正在形成的全下个世纪的电视屏幕将会
47、接入到正在形成的全球电信网络中。表示球电信网络中。表示“与与连接连接”用用be linked up to。2. How exciting! I drove my new car _ a speed of 110 km/h on Sunday morning. A. for B. at C. in D. on【解析解析】选选B。句意。句意: 多么令人兴奋啊多么令人兴奋啊! 我在周日早上以每小时我在周日早上以每小时110千千米的速度开着我的新车。米的速度开着我的新车。at a speed of“以以的速度的速度”, 为固定搭配。为固定搭配。3. We must _ a topic before w
48、e start to write. A. decide between B. decide toC. decide on D. decide against【解析解析】选选C。句意。句意: 在开始写作之前我们必须先选定一个主题。在开始写作之前我们必须先选定一个主题。decide on确定确定, 选定选定, 符合语境。符合语境。decide between在在之间作出选择之间作出选择; decide to do. . . 决定做决定做; decide against决定不用决定不用(做做)。4. In Disneyland, every year about 800, 000 plants ar
49、e replaced because Disneyland refuses to _ signs asking his “guests” not to step on them. A. put down B. put outC. put off D. put up【解析解析】选选D。句意。句意: 在迪士尼乐园在迪士尼乐园, 每年有大约每年有大约80万的植物要重新栽万的植物要重新栽植植, 因为迪士尼乐园拒绝竖立让游客不要践踏植物的牌子。因为迪士尼乐园拒绝竖立让游客不要践踏植物的牌子。put down“写下写下, 记下记下”; put out“熄灭熄灭, 扑灭扑灭”; put off“推迟推迟”;
50、 put up“竖竖立立”。根据句意可知。根据句意可知D项正确。项正确。5. (2015阜阳模拟阜阳模拟)The Internet is widely used, which _ the development of English. A. speeds up B. takes overC. gets across D. turns to【解析解析】选选A。句意。句意: 互联网被广泛运用互联网被广泛运用, 这加快了英语的发展。这加快了英语的发展。speed up“加速加速”, 符合句意。符合句意。take over“移交移交”; get across“(使使)被理被理解解”; turn to“