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1、精锐教育1对3辅导讲义学员姓名： 学科教师：年 级：八年级 辅导科目：英语授课日期时 间主 题被动语态学习目标1.掌握被动语态的基本概念及主动变被动的解题步骤和技巧；2.在具体语境中熟练运用被动语态教学内容1、 互动探索教学建议：1、 引导学生用主动语态和被动语态描述前四幅图中的情景；2、让学生用被动语态说出后四幅图中的情景。 The Great WallBuild Chinese peopleIBuyComputer Thomas EdisonInventLight Studentsplant trees被动语态 教学建议：1、引导学生分析主动语态与被动语态的区别【知识梳理1】语态的基本概念
2、： 语态是表示句子中主语和谓语动词之间的关系的术语。英语中只有两个语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。主动语态动作执行者； 被动语态动作承受者例：I have returned the magazines to the library.The magazines have been returned to the library. The students cleaned their classroom after school every day.The classroom is cleaned by the studen
3、ts after school every day.【巩固练习】1. He often tells us interesting stories. (改为被动语态) We _ _ _ interesting stories by him. Interesting stories _ _ _ to us by him.2. A lot of trees along the river last year . A. planted B. are planted C. were planted5. The trees must three times a week . A. water B. is
4、watering C. be watered D. watersKeys: are often told; are often told; C; C【知识梳理2】被动语态的构成教学建议： 1. 被动语态的关键点：be动词的变化 2. 老师师范讲解一般现在时的被动语态构成，然后由学生模仿变化其他时态的被动语态。1. 被动语态的基本结构： be+动词的过去分词2. 各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构： 时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/doesam/is/are +done一般过去时didwas/were +done现在进行时am/is/are +doingam/is/are +being done
5、现在完成时have/has +donehave/has +been done一般将来时will/shall/be going to +dowill/shall/be going to +be done过去进行时Was/were +doingwas/were+ being done过去完成时had + donehad + been done过去将来时would/should/be going to+ dowould/should/be going to +be done含有情态动词can/may/must +docan/may/must+ be done【巩固练习】1.The headmaste
6、r praised Ben for his honesty.(改为被动语态）Ben _ _ for his honesty _ the headmaster.2. The firemen are using long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings.(改为被动语态)Long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings by the firemen.3. Mother will buy Jack a new shirt.(改为被动语态）A new shirt Jack by Mother.
7、4. You had better take the wounded soldiers to hospital at once.(改为被动语态）The wounded soldiers had better to hospital at once.5. The adults tell the children not to swim in that deep river.(改为被动语态）The children not to swim in that deep river.6. Can some aged Chinese understand Russian?(改为被动语态）Can by so
8、me aged Chinese?7. The boss made the employees work ten hours a day.(改为被动语态）The employees were made ten hours a day.8. Who looks after the children in the kindergarten?(改为被动语态）By the children after in the kindergarten?.9. The Spring Festival is welcomed by the Chinese all over the world.(改为主动语态)The
9、Chinese all over the world the Spring Festival.10. The price of meat has risen from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently.(保持原句意思)The price of meat from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently. Keys: 1.was praised，by2. are being used3. will be bought for 4.be taken 5. are told6. Russian be understood 7.to wor
10、k 8. whom are, looked9. welcome 10.has been raised【知识梳理3】被动语态的句法功能教学建议： 1.老师通过图示演示主动变被动的过程，2.给出主动句子，让学生把句子转换成被动语态。1. 当不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。e.g.: Japanese is taught in that school. (类似中文的“饭吃过了”，英汉说话习惯的相似性)2. 当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。e.g.: Her book will be brought tomorrow morning.看图学知识，来发挥你的潜力吧，找到主
11、动变被动语态的小技巧！ 总结：上面例句的小规律： 主动语态变为被动语态的方法：主动语态： 主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 （执行者） （承受者）被动语态： 主语 + be + 过去分词（+ by + 执行者）（承受者）一般省略【巩固练习】1. Children (not allow) to play frightening games.2. At last the two pictures (hang) side by side.3. The Great Wall (know) by people all over the world.4. All the buildings (turn) in
12、to hospitals recently.5. How long can these magazines (keep)?6. The vegetables (plant) in the fields next week.7. The soldier was very ill when he (operate) on by Dr. Bethune.8. The password of your email box should (memorize).9. Liquids can (turn) into gases if their temperatures (make) hot enough.
13、10. The next morning they (find) that some trees (blow) down during the night.Keys: 1.are not allowed 2. were hung 3. is known 4.have been turned 5. be kept6.will be planted 7. was being operated 8. be memorized 9. turn(be turned)，are made 10. found ,were blown【知识梳理4】主动语态和被动语态的转换1. 主动语态变为被动语态 要将主动句里
14、的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。 把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。 谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。We asked him to sing an English song. He was asked to sing an English song by us.主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者批注：主动，主动，主去动；被动，被动，主被动。2. 带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态教学建议：1. 让学生了解什么叫双宾语及宾语补足语并举例说明；2. 给出具体例句
15、让学生来变成被动。 谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语； 若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语； 若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to 或for； She gave me a book. (变为被动语态) I was given a book by her.（间接宾语me改为了主语） A book was given to me by her.（直接宾语a book改为了主语）备注：此语法点应多呈现后接双宾语的动词详细讲解并加强练习。如：bring , take ,send ,show 等3. 动词短语变为被动语态
16、许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。 We should speak to old men politely. Old men should be spoken to politely. 4. 带宾语补足语的被动语态宾语后若有宾补，变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足语。 I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. Jane was heard playing the piano i
17、n her room.5. 变被动语态后动词形式的选择 主动句中的感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等，及使役动词let, make, have等后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to. He makes the girl stay at home. The girl is made to stay at home by him.备注：一感二听三让四看，变被动还原to.【例题精讲】【例1】 Many accidents _by careless drivers last year. A. are causedB. were caused C.
18、 have caused D. will cause【答案】B【例2】 Driving after drinking wine _ in China. A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed【答案】D 【例3】 Many trees and flowers _ in our city every year. A. planted B. are planted C. were planted D. plants【答案】B 【巩固练习】1. The Spring Festival _in January or February
19、. A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. celebrated D. was celebrated2. Soft drinks _ to children for free in some restaurants on Childrens Day. A.offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered3. Suihua is so beautiful. Its like a big garden. Yes. Many trees and flowers _in our city every year.
20、A. are planting B. are planted C. were planted4. When will the birthday party _, on Monday evening or Tuesday evening?A. hold B. be held C. held D. be holding5. It will be two days before the decision _.A. has made B. will be made C. was made D. is made.6.Did you go to Jims birthday party？ No, I _.
21、A. havent invited B. didnt invite C. am not invited D. wasnt invited7. At last the boy was made _ and began to laugh. A. stop crying B. to stop to cry C. to stop crying D. stop to cry8. Do you know Lucys grandma? Of course. She is a kind woman, but she has _ for about a month since she _ in the acci
22、dent.A. been dead; was killed B. died; was killed C. been dead; killed D. died; killed9.English _ more and more widely (广泛) today. So we must learn it well. A. uses B. used C. is used10. How many people will _ to your birthday party? Twelve.A. invite B. be invited C. be invitingKeys: 1-10 BCBDD DCAC
23、B 教学建议：此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。建议步骤为：1) 在8分钟内学员独立完成测试；2) 老师给出答案，学员相互批改；3) 在5分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂；4) 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。【基础题】1. My father_ to give a speech at the meeting yesterday.（崇明） A. asked B. was asked C. asks D. has asked2. Many houses _ in the storm a few days ago. What a pity!（奉贤） A. dam
24、age B. damaged C. were damaging D. were damaged3. The Expo Center in Shanghai _ on December 25th, 2009. （虹口） A. completed B. was completed C. has completed D. has been completed4. When the bread was _, they usually departed for their new flat. （虹口） A. turned out B. sold out C. pointed out D. worked
25、out5. More new classroom buildings _ in our school in the next few years. （嘉定） A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build6. Good service _ by China during the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.（静安） A. provided B. has provided C. was provided D. has been provided7. -In China plastic bags _in t
26、he supermarket now. -Yes, people should use environmental bags. （卢湾） A. can use B. can be used C. cant use D. cant be used8. While travelling, you should give yourself a day to _the time and know the way nearby. （卢湾） A. used to B. be used to C. use to D. be used9. Do you know how many cars _ in Shan
27、ghai every year? （普陀） A. produce B. will produce C. are producing D. are produced10. The old man moved here to live with his son five years ago, so he _ the life here. （松江）A. used to B. is used to C. isnt used to D. used not to11. It was reported that more young teachers _ to Yunnan sometime next ye
28、ar. （松江） A. would send B. will send C. would be sent D. will be sent12. Though Qian Xuesen _ for several months, we will remember him for ever. （徐汇） A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead13. As we all know, wood and stones _ bridges in many countries. （徐汇） A. used to build B. used to build
29、ing C. are used to build D. are used to building14. These new clothes _ to the children in the mountain villages tomorrow. （徐汇） A. are sent B. were sent C. has been sent D. will be sent15. More trees _ on both sides of the road in our city this coming winter holidays.（闸北） A. are planted B. were plan
30、ted C. have been planted D. will be plantedKeys: 1-5 BDBBA 6-10 CBBDB 11-15 DDCDD【提高题】1. Keep reading English every day, your reading skills quickly. A. improve B. will improve C.are improved D.will be improved2. People _ to set off firecrackers in some areas of Shanghai for several months.A. arent
31、allowed B. werent allowedC. wont be allowedD. havent been allowed3. Great progress _ in studying the new medicine for cancer recently. A. will be made B. is made C. has been made D. was made4. The library of our neighbourhood _ ten hours a day.A. opens B. is open C. has opened D. is opened5. The riv
32、er _ by waste products from the factory. We can find no fish in it. A. has polluted B. will pollute C. has been polluted D.will be polluted6. People _ to send up fireworks around the center of the city last Spring Festival.A. werent allowed B. wont be allowedC. are not allowed D. havent been allowed
33、7. The 87th Annual Academy Awards (奥斯卡金像奖) ceremony _ in Los Angeles, USA, on February 22,2015.A. held B. was held C.was holding D.had been held8. It is polite to turn off our mobile phones when the show _.A. began B. begins C. is beginning D. will begin9. When the traffic accidents , I was talking
34、with my teacher by the road.A. would happen B. had happened C. was happening D. happened10. Nowadays new taxi apps (打车软件) _to help people travel around more easily.A. are usedB. use C. usedD. is used11. Here is the package yon ordered. It this morning.A. deliver B. is delivered C. delivered D. was d
35、elivered12. Many houses_ during the earthquake happened in Yunnan, China this May.A. were destroyedB. are destroyedC. has destroyedD. had destroyed13. Something necessary_ to prevent the serious air pollution.A. must do B. must be done C. may do D. may be done14. After Donghai Bridge _, it became a
36、new tourist attraction.A. completedB. completeC. is completedD. was completed15. A Disneyland Park _ in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future.A. has built B. will be built C. will build D.is builtKeys: 1-5 DDCDC 6-10 ABBDA 11-15 DABAB教学建议：1、老师引导学生针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结；2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，用表格的形式再呈现
37、八大时态的主动变被动。被动语态的构成 时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/doesam/is/are +done一般过去时didwas/were +done现在进行时am/is/are +doingam/is/are +being done现在完成时have/has +donehave/has +been done一般将来时will/shall/be going to +dowill/shall/be going to +be done过去进行时Was/were +doingwas/were+ being done过去完成时had + donehad + been done过去将来时would
38、/should/be going to+ dowould/should/be going to +be done含有情态动词can/may/must +docan/may/must +be done 教学建议：此部分内容建议保持在30分钟左右完成【基础题】1. 把下面句子改成被动语态. 1. People call the man Wolf Dad because of his cruel way of parenting. (改为被动语态) （杨浦）The man _ _ Wolf Dad because of his cruel way of parenting.2. We must do
39、 something to meet the students need and interests.（改为被动语态）(黄埔) Something must _ _ to meet the students need and interests.3. Mrs. Green moved most of the flower pots into the house last night. (改为被动语态)（普陀）Most of the flower pots _ _ into the house by Mrs. Green last night.4. They built another bridge across the Yangtze River last year. (改为被动语态) （崇明）Another bridge _ _ across the Yangtze River last year.5. We should plant more trees to make our school beautiful. (改为被动语态)（闸北） More trees _ _ planted to make our school beautifu