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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载被动语态一、导入孩子弄的大人没脾气 儿子问老公：张飞他妈姓什么？老公：不知道；儿子：笨,姓吴,无事生非（吴氏生飞）都不知道；儿子再问：张飞他爸姓什么？老公思索半天,猛拍脑门：姓惹,惹事生非！儿子狂笑：笨死了！姓张！你不跟你爸姓呀；二、（ 1）专题讲解专题 1：被动语态1、语态概述我吃了一个苹果,那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了；正如汉语中的 被字句 ,英语中的 “ 被字句 ” 我们称之为 被动语态 ；英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态；英语的语态是通过 动词形式的变化 表现出来的；2、五种基本句型结构之一：主+谓 +宾E.g:
2、 I eat an apple. Tom plays basketball. （注 :在“ 主+谓+宾 ”结构中,主语是动作的执行者,宾语是动作的承担者；）3、被动语态谓语结构：be done（过去分词）1.主动语态：主语是动作的执行者e.g.：Many people speak Chinese. 2.被动语态：主语是动作的承担者e.g.：Chinese is spoken by many people. 被动语态变化模式如图：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载They make the bike
3、s in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. 4、被动语态的使用情形：1）、当不知道谁是动作的执行者时；Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了；不知道电脑 是谁偷的 2）、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时；The door was opened.（没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者）3、只需强调动作的承担者时；The window was broken by mike. 窗户是迈克打破的；5、各种时态的被动语态结构 : be done 总结构 时态主动
4、语态被动语态一般现在时dodoes amisare+done 一般过去时did waswere+done 现在进行时amisare+doing amisare+being+done 过去进行时waswere+doing waswere+being+done 一般将来时will+do will be +done 现在完成时havehas+done havehas+been+done 有情态动词情态动词 +do 情态动词 +be+done 6、主动语态变被动语态步骤：1. 判定时态： 摸索这种时态的被动语态结构；2 主变宾 ：主动语态句子中的宾语变被动语态句子中的主语（同时宾变主）；3. 谓动变被
5、动： 把谓语动词变成被动结构（be + done）by（被）之后,将主格变 4. 主语放 by 后,主格变宾格：把主动语态中的主语放在介词 为宾格；e.g.：1、All the people laughed at him. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载He was laughed at by all people. 2、He cuts down a tree A tree is cut down by him. 3、I am eating an apple. An apple is bein
6、g eaten by me. 4、They grow rice in South China. Rice is grown in South China. 5、They will do their homework tomorrow. Their homework will be done by them tomorrow . 7、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“ 情态动词 be过去分词 ” 构成,原先带to 的情态动词变成被动语态后 “ to ”仍要保留；（歌诀是：情态动词变被动,情态加 be,加 “过分 ”；）e.g：1.We can repair this w
7、atch in two days. This watch can be repaired by us in two days. 2.He must finish this work soon. This work must be finished by him soon. 3.We should plant trees in spring. Trees should be planted by us in spring. 中学阶段可用于被动语态的情态动词有：can（be done）能够被 may（be done）可以 能被 must（be done）必需被 need（be done）需要被 s
8、hould（be done）应当被 三、汉语中含有“ 据说”、“ 据悉” 、“ 有人说” 、“ 大家说” 等时；例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 名师归纳总结 众所周知It is well known that 第 3 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载据估计说It is supposed that 三、汉语中含有“ 据说”、“ 据悉”
9、 、“ 有人说” 、“ 大家说” 等时；例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知It is well known that 据估计说It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有“ 被”、“ 由” 等词时；例如：Tina is asked to come by PaulTina 是被 Paul 叫来的；五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态；例如：He was born in October ,1989四、巩固
10、练习一、单项：名师归纳总结 1. The flowers _ often. 第 4 页,共 10 页 A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water 2. The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow 3. The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended 4. Now the
11、se magazines_ in the library for a long time. A.have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept 5. The pot _ for _ hot water A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载D. will grow 6. Tea _ in the south of
12、 China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown 7. The bridges_ two years ago. D. was built A. is built B. built C. were built 8. The bike _ 500 yuan. D. is costed A. was cost B. costed C. cost 9.- Kate got her drivers license yesterday.- I think 15-year-olds _ drive. They are not calm enough. A. should
13、be allowed not to B. should allow to C. shouldnt be allowed to D. should be allowed to 10. The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found 五、拓展训练一、将以下主动句转换成被动句1. The teacher told him not to waste time on playing computer games. _ 2. The workers
14、are building a new railway between the two cities. _ 3. They should do it right now. _ 4. They named the boy Johnson. _ 5. The monster let the little girl clean the cave. _ . 6.eople in the town laugh at Mike for his fancy dress. _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 7.We can t
15、do it in one day. 学习必备欢迎下载_ 8.Young people must take good care of old people _ 当堂过手训练 快练五分钟,稳准建奇功！一、单项：名师归纳总结 1. English _ in Canada. 第 6 页,共 10 页 A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken 2. This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is o
16、ften sung 3. This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made 4. New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 5. Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep 6. Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are nee
17、ding C. are needed D. will need 7. His new book_ next month. A will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published 8. Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking 9. These papers _ yet. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -
18、学习必备 欢迎下载A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written 中学英语不规章动词表1.AAA 动词原形过去式过去分词花费cost k .stcost k .stcost k .stcut k .tcut k .tcut k .t割,切hurt h .:thurt h .:thurt h .:t受伤hit hithit hithit hit打,撞let letletletlet let让put putput putput put放下read ri:dread ri:
19、dread ri:d读set setset setset set支配,安置spread spredspread spredspread spred绽开,传播,涂spit spitspit/spat spitspit/spat spit吐痰 , shut .tshut .tshut .t关上 , 闭起 ,停止营业2.ABB 动词原形过去式过去分词打败beat bi:tbeat bi:tbeaten bi:tn 3.ABA 动词原形过去式过去分词变become bik .mbecame bikeimbecome bik .mcome k .mcame keimcome k .m来run r .nr
20、an r. nrun r .n跑4.ABB （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t 或 ed 构成过去式或过去分词；名师归纳总结 动词原形过去式过去分词燃烧第 7 页,共 10 页burn b .:nburnt b .:ntburnt b .:nt- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - deal di:ldealt delt学习必备欢迎下载解决dealt deltdream dri:mdreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamtdremt做梦hear hi .heard h .:dheard h .:d听见hang h.hanged/ hun
21、gh .hanged/ hung 绞死,悬挂learn l .:nlearned/learntl .:ntlearned/learntl .:nt学习light laitlit/lighted litlit/lighted lit点燃 , 照亮mean mi:nmeant mentmeant ment意思provepru:v proved proven/provedpru:v .n证明 , 证明 ,试验shine .ainshone/shined shone/shined.un, .n使照射,使发光show .ushowed showed/shown.un展现 , 给.看smell smels
22、melled/smeltsmeltsmelled/smeltsmelt闻, 嗅speed spi:dspedsped/speeded sped/speededsped加速spell spelspelled/speltspeltspelled/speltspelt拼写wake weikwaked/wokew .ukwaked/wokenw .uk .n醒来,叫醒 , 激发（2）把动词原形的最终一个辅音字母“ d”改为 “ t ” 构成过去式或过去分词；动词原形过去式过去分词建筑build bildbuilt biltbuilt biltlend lendlent lentlent lent借给r
23、ebuild ,ri:bildrebuilt ,ri:biltrebuilt ,ri:bilt改建 , 重建send sendsent sentsent sent送spend spendspent spentspent spent花费（3）原形 ought ought 动词原形过去式过去分词带来bring bri.brought br .:tbrought br .:tbuy baibought b .:tbought b .:t买fight faitfought f .:tfought f .:t打架think i.kthought .:tthought .:t摸索 ,想4 原形 aught
24、 aught动词原形过去式过去分词捉,抓catch k. t.caught k .:tcaught k .:tteach ti:t .taught t .:ttaught t .:t教（5）变其中一个元音字母名师归纳总结 动词原形过去式过去分词掘土, 挖 洞、沟等 第 8 页,共 10 页dig di dug d .dug d .feed fi:dfed fedfed fed喂find faindfound found 发觉,找到get etgot .tgot/gotten .t.n得到hold h .uldheld heldheld held拥有,握住,支持lead li:dled ledl
25、ed led引导 , 带领 , 领导meet mi:tmet metmet met遇见sit sitsat s. tsat s. t坐shoot .u:tshot .tshot .t射击spit spitspit/spat sp. tspit/spat sp. t吐痰 , stick stikstuck st .kstuck st .k插进 , 刺入 , 粘住 , - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - win winwon w .n学习必备欢迎下载赢won w .n（6）原形 lt/pt/ft lt/pt/ft过去分词感到动词原形过去式feel fi:lf
26、elt felt felt felt keep ki:pkept keptkept kept保持leave li:vleft leftleft left离开sleep sli:pslept sleptslept slept睡觉sweep swi:pswept sweptswept swept扫7 其它动词原形过去式过去分词下蛋 , 放置lay leilaid leidlaid leidpay peipaid peidpaid peid付say seisaid sedsaid sed说stand st. ndstood studstood stud站understand understood ,
27、 .nd .st. ndunderstood ,.nd .st. nd明白lose lu:zlost l .st, l .:stlost l .st, l .:st失去have h .vhad h. d, h .d, .dhad h. d, h .d, .d有make meikmade meidmade meid制造sell selsold s.uldsold s.uld卖tell teltold t .uldtold t .uld告知retell ,ri:telretold ,ri:t .uldretold ,ri:t .uld重讲,重复,复述5.ABC （1）原形 过去式 原形 +en 动
28、词原形过去式过去分词.n吹blow bl .ublew blu:blown drive draiv drove dr .uvdriven driv .n驾驶draw dr .:drew dru:drawn dr .:n画画eat i:tate et,eiteaten i:t .n吃fall f .:lFell fel fallen f .:l .n落下give ivgave eivgiven iv.n给grow r.ugrew ru:grown r.un生长forgive f .ivforgot f .tforgiven 原谅 , 宽恕know n .uknew nju:, nu:known
29、知道mistake misteikmistook mistukmistooken 弄错 ; 误会 , overeat .uv.i:t overate , .uv .reitovereaten 使吃过量provepru:v proved proven/proved 证明 ,证明 , 试验take teiktook tuktaken teikn, teik拿 r.un抛,扔throw r.uthrew ru:thrown r.un, .un骑ride raidrode r .udridden rid .nsee si:saw s.:seen si:n观察show .ushowed showed/s
30、hown展现write raitwrote r .utwritten rit .n写（2）原形 过去式 过去式 +en 名师归纳总结 动词原形过去式过去分词打破第 9 页,共 10 页break breikbroke br .ukbroken br .uk .n- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - choose t .u:zchose t .uz学习必备欢迎下载挑选chosen t .uz .nget etgot .tgot/gotten .t.n得到hide haidhid hidhidden hid .n隐匿forget f.etforgot f .t
31、forgotten f .tn遗忘freeze fri:zfroze fr .uzfrozen fr .uzn冷冻 ,结冰, 感到寒冷speak spi:kspoke sp .ukspoken sp .uk .n说steal sti:lstole stolen st .ul .n偷3 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母 i a u “ i ”分别为 “ a”（过去式）和 “ u”（过去分词）；动词原形过去式过去分词开头begin bi inbegan bi .n begun bi .ndrink dri.kdrank dr.kdrunk dr .k喝sing si.sang s.sung s .唱s
32、ink si. ksank s. ksunk s.k下沉 , 沉没swim swimswam sw. mswum sw .m游泳ring ri.rang r.rung r .打电话（4）其它名师归纳总结 动词原形过去式过去分词是第 10 页,共 10 页beam, is, are was/ were been bear b .bore b .:born/borne b .:n负担 , 忍耐do du:, du:did diddone d .n做fly flaiflew flu:flown fl .un飞go .uwent wentgone .n去lie lailay leilain lein躺wear w .wore w .:worn w .:n穿- - - - - - -