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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 被动语态一、语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态；主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语 many people来执行的；被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者,即行为动作的对象；所谓“ 被动语态” ,相当于中文中常说的 “ 被 ”、“ 由 ” 的句式,如：“ 他的自行车被偷了； ” ,再如： English is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak的承担者；判定：看下面的两个例句,你来判定哪个是主动哪个是被动？
2、He opened the door.他开了门；（_）The door was opened.门被开了；（_）二、被动语态的构成 : be 动词 +Vp.p 被动特点强调宾,用be 加上过去分；行为对象作主语,规律主语by 来引；1. English is _（speak）in Canada. 2. The blouse is _（make）of silk. 3. English is _（speak）by many people. 谁做的动作不知道, 说出谁做的没必要； 动作承担者需强调, 用被动语态莫忘了；1. Some stamps were _（steal）last week. 2.
3、The PRC was _（found）on October 1, 1949. 3. Football is _（play）in most middle schools. 被动语态须留意, P.P前面助动 be. be + P.P am（is,are）现在时, am（is,are）+P.P was和 were 表过去； was（were）+P.P 完成 have（has）been；have（has）been+P.P 将来,情态, be原形； will （can,may,must）be+P.P 进行时态两个 be,前表时态后加 ing；am（is,are）+being+P.P 被动语态由“ 助动
4、词 be及物动词的过去分词” 构成；人称、数和时态的变化 是通过 be 的变化表现出来的；凡是汉语中带“ 被” 的句子,都能转换成英语的被动语态；三几种常用时态的被动语态1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词 确定句： Bikes are _（sell）in that shop. 否定句： Bikes are not sold in that shop. 疑问句： Are bikes sold in that shop. Yes, they are. / No, they arent. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
5、 - - 2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 确定句： He was _（save）in 1999. 否定句： He was not saved in 1999. 疑问句： Was he saved in 1999. Yes, he was. / No,he wasnt. 3.一般将来时：shall/will/be going to + be+过去分词 确定句： An English class will be _（give）by Jack tomorrow. 否定句： An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow. 疑问句：
6、Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow. 4.现在进行时： am/is/are + being+过去分词 确定句： A car is being _（drive）now. 否定句： A car is not being driven now. 疑问句： Is a car being driven now. Yes, it is. / No, it isnt. 5.现在完成时： have / has+ been+过去分词 确定句： A road has been _（build）by the government. 否定句： A road
7、hasnt been built by the government. 疑问句： Has a road been built by the government. Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt. 6.情态动词：情态动词 +be + P.P 1）This clock can be _（repair）here. 2）The trees may be _（plant）at other times of the year. 3）The composition must be _（hand）in after class. 4）The young trees should be
8、_（plant）in spring. 四、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁；例如：Some new computers were _（steal）last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了；（不知道电脑是谁偷的）This book was _（publish）in 1981. 这本书出版于 1981 年；（2）强调动作的承担者,而不强调动作的执行者；例如：The window was _（break）by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的；This book was _（write）by him. 这本书是他写的；Eight hours per day for slee
9、p must be guaranteed. 每天 8 小时睡眠必需得到保证；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 五、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词）（依据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,来打算 be的形式）；以及原先主动语态句子中动词的时态（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格；例如：1.All the people _（laugh） at him. He was _（laugh）at by all people. 2
10、.They _（ make）the bikes in the factory. The bikes are _（make）by them in the factory. 六、补充 一些宾补动词如 make, see, hear等在主动语态中可以接动词原形（实为省略 to 的动词不定式）作为宾语补足语的动词在变被动语态是肯定要留意复原 to；如：He made me stand outside. I was made to stand outside（by him）. I saw him play football. He was seen to play football（by him）. 专
11、项练习 一、挑选题 1._ a new library _ in our school last year. A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build 2. An accident _ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 3.Cotton（棉花）_ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
12、4.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 5.How many trees _ this year. A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted 6.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C.
13、has been done D. will be done 7.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 8. The children _ by the nurse. A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 9. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them. A. gave, didnt listen B. was given, wasnt list
14、ened C. give, wasnt listened D. was given, didnt listen 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 10. The question _ by us soon. A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed 11. The lab _ about five years ago. A. was built B. was built C. bui
15、lds D. has been built 12. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years. A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up 13. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished 14. Rice _ als
16、o _ in their hometown. A. is grown B. is grew C. was grew D. was grown 15. He _ by the teachers. A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised 16. The picture_ in October, 1996. A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken 17. We cant use the bridge now, beca
17、use it_ . A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 18. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman. A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing 19. The war_ in 1941. A. broke out C. was broken out B. had been broken out D. had broken out 20. When water_ ,
18、 it will be changed into vapour. A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats 21. We cant enter the room because its door_ . A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking 22. They _day and night. A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work 23. Man-made satellite
19、s _into space by many countries. A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up 24. This English song _ often _ by the children. A.is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung 25.The windows of our house _once a week. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -
20、 - A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned 26. When _ the Peoples Republic of China_ . A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found 27. Marys radio _ by my brother just now. A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended 28. Some trees may _ at other times o
21、f the year. A. be planted B. plant C. are planted 29. A new English play _ there next week. D. will be planted A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on 30. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday. A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to h
22、appen 31. The glass _ . It _ by little Tom this morning. A. broke, is broken C. was broken, broke B. is broken, was broken D. has been broken, broken 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空；请留意时态和语态两个方面噢1.Its said据说 that the long bridge_（build）in two months2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now3.Which language _the m
23、ost widely_（speak）in the world？4.The lost boy_（not find）so far5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ sell in this shop. 7 What _ knives _ make of . 8. They_make of metal金属 and wood. 9. Can the magazine _ take out of the library. 10. The room _ clean by me every
24、day. 11. The stars cant _ see in the daytime.12. How long _ your uncle _be in the city. 13. The food _ smell delicious. 14. Look. Someone _dance. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 三、按要求改写以下句子,一空一词；1.Tea grows in South China.（改为被动语态）_. 2. The children will sing an English song.
25、改为被动语态 An English song _ _ _ by the children. 3. You neednt do it now. 改为被动语态 It _ _ _ by you now. 4. People use metal for making machines. 改为被动语态 Metal _ _ _making machines. 5. He made me do that for him. 改为被动语态 I _ _ _ _ that for him. 6.They have sold out the light green dresses. 改为被动语态 The light
26、green dresses _ _ _ out. 7.We call the game “ Lianliankan 改为被动语态 The game _ _ “ Lianliankan” by us.四把以下句子改为被动语态1.Parents take care of their kids. _ 2.People plant trees every day. _ 3. He ate bread yesterday. _ 4. China makes many watches. _ 5. The wind blew down the big tree last night. _ 6.I do my homework every day. _ 6. He doesn t throw the bad food. _ 8. Mother was not mending the trousers. _ 9. They will not take him to Beijing. _ 10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time. _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页