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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 外研版高中英语选修六 Module 1 【词条 1】lack 1-6 单元学问点归纳【点拨】 lack 动词 , 意为 缺乏,没有 ；如 : He is good at his job but he seems to lack confidence. What he lacks in experience he makes up for in enthusiasm. 【拓展】1. lack 的常用短语有 :be lacking欠缺 ,缺乏 ；be lacking in 缺乏 某种品质、特点 等；lack for nothing 应有尽有 ；如
2、: Money for the project is still lacking. I think the film is lacking in pace. They have got everything ready and they lack for nothing. 2. lack 仍可作名词 ,常与 of 连用 ,意为 缺乏 ,没有 ；for lack of 由于缺乏 ；如: The work had to be stopped for lack of funds. The flowers withered for lack of water. 【词条 2】reply 【点拨】名词 ,
3、意为 回答,答复,常与介词 to 连用；如 : Is it a reply to the first or the second letter. To my anger, she made no reply to my question. 其常用在短语 in reply to 中,意为作为对 的回答 ,回复；如 : What did he do in reply to your challenge. 【拓展】 reply 也可作动词 ,意为 回答,答复 ,reply to . / that . ；如 : The teacher gave me no chance to reply to her
4、 question. Lily replied that she knew nothing about it. 【词条 3】apology 【点拨】 apology 名词 ,意为 赔礼 ,歉意 ,常用于短语 :offer / make an apology to sb.向某人赔礼 , accept an apology接受赔礼 ；如 : It s impolite of you to leave without a word of apology. In my judgment, we should accept their apology. Youd better make an apolo
5、gy for your absence.【拓展】其动词形式为apologize,意为 赔礼 ,表示歉意 ,常用短语为 : apologize to sb.for sth.因某事 向某人赔礼 ；如: I must apologize for not being able to meet you that day. I think Tom might have apologized to Jane for what he did. 经典短语透视【短语 1】think of 【点拨】 think of 可意为 想起 ,想出 ；如: The photo made me think of my chil
6、d-hood. It was Tom who thought of the good plan. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【拓展】 think 的其他常用短语 : 1. think highly / much of 重视 ,高度颂扬；如 : All the teachers think highly of John because he is very smart and kind. 2. think about 考虑；如 : I was thinking about something else and
7、 missed your words. 3. think over 认真考虑；如 : Please think the plan over and let me know your decision tomorrow. 【短语 2】in addition 【点拨】 in addition 意为另外,此外 ；如: I write my own songs and I play the guitar in addition. You need money and time. In addition, you need diligence. 【拓展】in addition to 除 之外 仍有,to
8、 为介词 ,后接名词或动词 -ing 形式；如: His brother can speak three foreign languages in addition to English. besides也意为 除 之外 仍有 ；如 : The play was badly acted, besides being far too long. 【短语 3】leave out 【点拨】 leave out意为 省去,删去；如 : In Western countries, people usually leave out No. 13 as the number is thought unluc
9、ky. You can leave out the unnecessary words when writing down the notes. 【拓展】1. leave out仍可意为 漏掉 ,遗漏 ；如: Decide with you partner which words have been left out. 2. 与 leave相关的常用短语 :leave behind遗留 ,留下 It left behind a long train of problems and difficulties. leave over剩余 ,暂不解决We shall have to leave th
10、e question over till the next meeting. leave alone别管,不理睬 If I were you, Id leave this question alone.【短语 4】show off 【点拨】 show off 意为 炫耀；如: Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls. His brother likes to show off his knowledge in public. 【拓展】与 show 相关的常用短语 : show sb. around领某人参观The
11、headmaster showed us around the school. 名师归纳总结 show up 出席 ,到场t shown up.第 2 页,共 16 页The party is about to begin, but Mr. Wang hasn- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 热点语法聚焦didn t need to do和 neednt have done都有 过去不必做某事 的意思 ,但是didn t need to表示过去没有必要做某事 ,事实上也没做 ；neednt have done表 示过去原来不必做某事 ,实际上却做了 ；
12、如: I didnt need to take a taxi from the air-port there was a bus all the way into the city. t have booked in advance; there were plenty of tickets left. I needn 此外,要留意 need的其它用法 : need可作实义动词 ,也可作情态动词；1. 作实义动词时 , need有人称和数的变化 ,后可以接名词、代词、动词不定 式和动名词等 ,否定式要在前面加 don t doesn t, didn t,疑问句用 do does, did 提问
13、；如 : The company needs some good salesmen. His broken car needs to be repaired. = His broken car needs repairing. 2. 作情态动词时 ,need没有人称和数的变化 ,后接动词原形 ,否定式为 neednt,常用在否定句和疑问句中；如 : You needn t worry about him. He is very mature now.Need I stay another day. Yes, you must. Module 2 【词条 1】behave 【点拨】 behave
14、 用作不及物动词 ,意为 举止或行为 表现 ；如 : She has been behaving very politely. Can另外,behave仍可意为 举止得体；守法规 ,常和反身代词连用；如 : t you make your little child behave himself. 【拓展】 well- / ill- / badly-behaved adj. 表现得好的 /不好的； behavior n.行为 ,举止 如: He is thought to be a well-behaved child. s bad behavior.She was ashamed of her
15、 children【词条 2】appeal 【点拨】 appeal可用作名词 ,意为 吸引力 ,感染力 ；如 : Films of this sort have lost their appeal for me. 【拓展】1. appeal用作名词时 ,仍可意为 呼吁 ,恳求 ；如 : His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered. An appeal is being made for help for those who lost their homes in the earthquake. 2. appeal仍可用作动词 , 意为 引起爱好；呼吁
16、,恳求,常跟介词 to 连用；如 : Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you. The police are appealing to the public for any information about this. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【词条 3】awake 【点拨】 awake 可用作形容词 ,意为醒着的 ；如 : I have lain awake all night thinking over the problem. 留意 :awake
17、 是表语形容词 ,不能用于名词前作定语；类似的形容词仍有asleep, alive, aware等；【拓展】 awake awoke, awoken 可作不及物动词 ,意为醒来,这时与 wake up 意 义相近； awake也可作及物动词 ,意为唤醒,叫醒；唤起 记忆；激起 情感 ；如: I awake to the ringing of an electric bell every day. The thunder awoke me last night. His father tried to awake him to a sense of duty. Nothing can awake
18、 her interest in foot-ball. 经典短语透视【短语 1】ahead of 【点拨】 ahead of意为 在 之前 ；如: The time here is nine hours ahead of London. Ahead of us was a narrow and muddy road. 【拓展】 ahead of仍可意为 赛过 ,优于； 数量、价格等 超过；如 : In management, our company is well ahead of theirs. Their pay offer was well ahead of inflation. 【短语
19、 2】holdout 【点拨】 hold out 可意为 伸出,拿出 ；如: When I arrived, Mary held out her hand in welcome. 【拓展】 hold out 仍可意为 维护；坚持 抗击 ；如: We were short of water but it could hold out for another day. They held out against the enemy for two days and nights. The town was surrounded, but the citizens held out until he
20、lp at last came. 【短语 3】putdown 【点拨】 put down 可意为 放下 ；如 : Put down that knife before you hurt somebody. 【拓展】1. put down 仍可意为 写下,登记；镇压；毁灭 ；如: Put down your notes at the bottom of the paper. The uprising was put down three days later. cant put sth. down 爱不释手；不忍释卷；如 : It is an interesting story and he c
21、ant put it down until he has finished reading it.2. 与 put 相关的常用短语 :put out 出版；生产； 使熄灭 ,扑灭；put up 树立；put off 推迟； put aside 把 搁在一边； put forward 提出； put up with 容忍；如 : Be sure to put out the light before you go to bed. The building will be put up in the centre of the campus. 名师归纳总结 Dont put off till to
22、morrow what can be done today.第 4 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - He put aside his work to spend more time with his family. He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting. I could hardly put up with the child any longer. 热点语法聚焦动词的 -ing 形式作状语 可表示时间、缘由、条件、结果、让步、方式、相伴或对谓语加以补充说明 等；如
23、: While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 时间 It rained for two weeks, completely ruining the crops. 结果 Turning to the right at the crossing, you will see the post office right before you. 条 件 Being busy and exhausted, he gave us a lot of help. 让步 We Chinese eat our food using chopsticks
24、. 方式 Not knowing how to deal with the problem, the boy turned to his teacher. 缘由 Laughing and talking loudly, we left the party. 相伴 【难点点拨】1. 现在分词作状语时 ,其规律主语必需与句子的主语一样 ,它所表示的动作应当 是句中主语所发出的动作 ,即现在分词和句子主语之间构成主动关系；如 : Seeing from the top of the hill, we can get a full view of the country. we 与 see之间是主动关
25、系 2. 现在分词作状语时 ,其前可加 while, when, after, before, though, unless等连词 ,on, upon 等介词或 thus, completely等副词；如 : While doing the experiment, we discovered the new chemical. Take the medicine three times a day after having each meal. On hearing the news, she rushed out the room. My car was caught in a traffi
26、c jam, thus causing the delay. 3. 有时用 with / without+ 宾语 + 现在分词 结构作状语；如 : I couldnt focus my attention with that noise going on.4. 当现在分词的规律主语与主句的主语不一样时 如: ,现在分词必需有自己的主语；Weather permitting, the sports meet will be held next Friday. Module 3 【词条 1】raise 【点拨】 vt. 可意为 招募 ,筹措 金钱 ；如: It voted to raise 100
27、,000 troops immediately. He asked me to write a leaflet to raise money for Hope Schools. 【拓展】 raise仍可意为 举起；增加 ,提高；提出；抚养 ,饲养；引起 ；如 : The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. The boss has promised to raise their pay. He was so angry as to raise his voice. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 16 页精选学习
28、资料 - - - - - - - - - The question was raised at the meeting. I was raised by my aunt on a farm. The discussion raised our interest. 【辨析】 raise rise 两者都可以表示 上升；增长 之意 ,不同的是 raise是及物动 词,rise是不及物动词；如 : On Monday morning, we were watching the children raising the national flag and we saw it rising slowly
29、 in the wind. 【词条 2】regret 【点拨】 regret可用作动词 ,意为懊悔 ,惋惜；遗憾 ,后接名词、代词、 that 从句、不定式、动名词等；如 : t attend the party.I regret my refusal to his invitation. I regret that I canWe regret to inform you that you failed again. We have deeply regretted selling the farm. 留意 :其后接动词 -ing 形式和动词不定式时意思有区分；试体会: I regret t
30、o tell you that I have no news for you. 遗憾要做某事 I regret telling Tom the truth. 懊悔做了某事 【拓展】 regret也可作名词 ,意为遗憾 ,懊悔；歉意 ；如 : We decided with great regret that we couldnt offer you the position.feel no regret at对 不感到遗憾 s regret使某人特别遗憾的是 much to oneexpress ones regret at对 表示遗憾【词条 3】forgive 【点拨】vt.vi.意为 原谅
31、 ,宽恕 ,常用于结构 forgive sb. for sth. / doing sth.,也可以 接双宾语；如 : I will never forgive you for what youve ever done to me.forgivene Eventually, she forgave him the bad behavior. 】【拓展ss n.原谅,宽恕,宽恕 forgiving adj. 宽大的 ,慈爱的经典短语透视【短语 1】keep in touch with 【点拨】 keep in touch with sb.意为 与某人 保持联系 ,也可写作 stay / be in
32、 touch with sb.；如: This is my card. Lets keep in touch. ve kept in touch with most of my classmates in the middle school. I 【拓展】与 touch 相关的常见搭配仍有 :get in touch with 与 取得联系 ；lose touch with / be out of touch with与 失去 / 没有联系 ；如 : We have lost touch with John since we moved to Japan. Write to me as oft
33、en as you can. I dont want to lose touch with you. 【短语 2】knock over 【点拨】 knock over 意为 撞倒 ,击倒；如 : 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A drunken driver knocked over nine people, causing five deaths. 【拓展】与 knock 相关的短语仍有 :knock down打倒 ,推倒 ；knock off 停止 ,中断；knock out击败 ,击倒；如 : He kn
34、ocked Tom down with one blow of his fist. We knocked off work for tea. Our team was knocked out in the first part of the competition. 【短语 3】make up 【点拨】 make up可意为 和好；如 : I found it hard to make up with Joan after we quarreled about the beautiful stamp. 【拓展】 make up仍有以下常用意思 : You shouldnt believe hi
35、m. He is making the whole thing up. 编造 Whoever attends the ball is supposed to make up. 化妆 You must make up the work you missed. 补上 热点语法聚焦1. 非谓语动词的完成式 having done的用法非谓语动词的完成式 having done 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作；其否定式为 not having done；如: Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. Not havi
36、ng studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 分词的被动式表示它的规律主语是-ing 分词动作的承担者；依据 -ing 分词动作发生的时间 ,-ing 分词的被动式有一般被动式 being done和完成被动式having been done；如 : He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter. The question being discussed is very important. 2. 非谓语动词的 -ing 形式和 t
37、o do 形式的区分有些动词既能接不定式 ,又能接 -ing 形式 ,含义有所不同；如 : 1 forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接 -ing 形式作宾语表示动名词动作先于谓语动作；如 : Do you remember seeing me before. 你记得以前见过我吗？Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门；2 动词 mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接动名词和接不定式作宾语 也有所不同；如 : ,意思I mean to change it f
38、or another one. 我想换成另外一个；Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时；3 动 词 allow, advise, forbid, permit 等 可 直 接 跟-ing 形式作宾语 ,不行以接动词不定式作宾语 ,但可接不定式作宾语补足语；如 : Please permit me to say a few words.请答应我说几句话；We dont permit smoking here. 我们这儿不答应吸烟；4 动词 need, require, want作需要解时 ,后面接 -i
39、ng 分词或不定式被动式；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 如: These little children require looking after carefully / to be looked after carefully. 这些小孩需要细心地照管；5 动词 like, hate, prefer 等后面 ,如表示一般性动作 ,多用-ing 形式；如指特 定的详细的某次动作 ,多用不定式；如 : I like swimming, but I don我喜爱游泳 ,但我不喜爱和你一起游泳；t like to
40、swim with you. Module 4 【词条 1】combine 【点拨】 combine vi. / vt. 联合,结合,合并；常用作结构 combine . with .把 与 结合 ；如 : The two countries combined against their common enemy. He combined his scientific knowledge with his friendbusiness skill and started a company. His efforts, combined with his determination, helpe
41、d him achieve great success. 【拓展】 combination n. 联合 ,合作 , 结合 combined adj. 组合的 ,结合的【词条 2】relax 【点拨】 relax vi. / vt. 放松,使轻松；如 : The doctor told him to relax a week or so before going back to work. This equipment will help relax your muscles. 【拓展】 relax 仍可意为 放宽；使放松 ；如: They relaxed the regulations aft
42、er the reform. relaxed adj. 放松的 ,镇静的 relaxing adj. 令人放松的 She had a very relaxed manner. It s really a relaxing walk.【词条 3】present 【点拨】 present可用作动词 ,意为赠送；颁发 奖品等 ；提出 ；如 : When Mr. Smith left our company; our manager presented him with a golden watch. The winner was presented with the prize by the cha
43、irman. 【拓展】1. present作名词 ,可意为 礼物 ,赠品；现在 ,目前 ；如 : I don t want all these books; Ill make you a present of them. She is busy at present, and she cant speak to you.Let s leave things as they are for the present. 2. present作形容词 ,意为 出席的 ,在场的；目前的 ,现在的 ；如: It s unfair to discuss his case if he isnt present
44、.The present situation seems to be in their favor. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 经典短语透视【短语 1】in addition to 【点拨】in addition to 意为 除 之外 仍有 ,其中 to 为介词 ,所以后面要跟名词、代词和动名词等；如 : In addition to giving a general introduction to computers, the course also pro-vides practical experie
45、nce. 【拓展】1. besides作介词时 ,和其意思和用法相同；如 : We have lots of things in common besides dance. 2. in addition 相当于副词 ,可译为 另外 ,加之；如 : You need money and time; in addition, you need intelligence. 【短语 2】draw upon / on 【点拨】 draw upon / on意为凭借 ,利用；如 : Reread your previou s essays for ideas and information, which you may want to draw upon. A writer has to draw upon his imagination and experience. 【拓展】 draw on / upon仍可意为 接近,时间 慢慢过去 ；如: Winter is drawing on. It grew colder as night drew on