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1、Text Analysis 1. Theme2. Text Structure3. General Analysis4. Further Questions on AppreciationWriting Device OnomatopoeiaThemeThe simple life, honest nature and good wishes of the newly-married couple are presented through the descriptions of their spring planting in minute detail. It reveals the tr
2、aditional virtues of a typical farmer: hard work, simple living, discipline, and above all, strong sense of responsibility for the happiness of his wife and family. The end of Theme.Text StructurePart 1 (Paras. 18):Part 2 (Paras. 933):Part 3 (Paras. 3435):The young couples preparations for the first
3、 day of their first spring sowingA detailed description of the spring sowing.The young couples yearnings for the futureFor the young couple, the first day of their first spring sowing was an extremely important day, because it not only would determine the crop they would harvest in autumn, but also
4、would show what kind of wife and husband they would prove to each other and what kind of family they were going to have.Question: What is the importance of the first spring sowing for the newly-weds?General Analysis1. What values and moral principles are being idealized here? Is it still the same to
5、day? Do you agree that the traditional work ethic (职业道德/伦理) is out of date? Are such qualities as hard work, diligence, thrift, responsibility, discipline, simple and honest living, rugged individualism （顽强的个人主义） and self-reliance, etc. still valued?2. What changes have taken place in social ethics
6、since our grandfathers time? Is there anything that remains unchanged?Further Questions on Appreciation3. Lets pretend that you are Martin Delaney or Mary living in the 21st century. What kind of a person would you like to have as your wife or husband? What qualities would you like to find in your s
7、pouse? Further Questions on AppreciationThe end of Text Analysis. While Mary raked out the live coals that had lain hidden in the ashes (Para. 1)to remove (ashes or coals from a fire)had been buried under the ashesburning coalsLive: still burning or glowing; not extinct / dead also: a live spark; a
8、live volcano Pay attention to the different meanings of “live”: a live television / radio program; a live performance a live bomb; live wires as it were: seemingly; in a way; so to speak. Short form of “as if it were so” He was living in a dream world, as it were. He closed his eyes, trying to reliv
9、e that happy moment, as it were.scatter: (cause people or animals to) move, usu quickly in different directions; throw sth. in different directions The crowd scattered. We scattered the plates of food around the room before the party. Dont scatter your money around. 别到处挥霍 scatter sth. with sth.: sca
10、tter the fields with seeds (scatter the seeds on the fields) sprinkle: used with water, sand, salt, etc and indicates intentional scattering, usu. over a small area Sprinkle a little salt on the rice sleepy and bad-humored and yet on fire with excitement, for it was the first day of their first spri
11、ng sowing as man and wife. (Para. 3)burning with emotion; full of ardorAlthough still not fully awake, the young couple was already greatly excited, because that day was the first day of their first spring planting after they got married. on fire a. burning b. (of passion) burning with emotion; grea
12、tly excited; full of ardor; very enthusiastic; excited or passionateExamples: The enemy could not but abandon the warship on fire. He was on fire with excitement at this marvelous sight. a. If a place, economy or area of interest opens up, or is opened up, more people will go there or become involve
13、d in it.b. to cause sth. to be available for development, production, etc.c. to create a new opportunity or possibility He said he wanted to see how Albania was opening up to the world. to open up undeveloped land, new territory, etc. When youve got a qualification like that, so many career opportun
14、ities opened up. Chinesea. (使)开放b. 开发，生产c. 提供新的机会、可 能性 o p e n upBut somehow the imminence of an event that had been long expected, loved, feared and prepared for made them dejected. (Para. 3)the fact that sth. (usu. unpleasant) is now about to take place The couple had been looking forward to and p
15、reparing for this spring planting for a long time, but now that the day had finally arrived, strangely, they felt somehow a bit sad.irritated; in low spirits; disheartenedMary, with her shrewd womans mind, thought of as many things as there are in life as a woman would in the first joy and anxiety o
16、f her mating. (Para. 3)Mary, like all sharp and smart women, thought of many things in life when she got married. Martin fell over a basket in the half-darkness of the barn, he swore and said that a man would be better off dead than (Para. 4) In the barn, it was still very dark as it was very early
17、in the morning. So Martin tripped over a basket. He cursed and said that it would be better off dying than having to get up at such an early hour and begin the days toilprobably for the rest of his life. a. If sb. / sth. falls over, they fall to the ground.b. to fall over sth.: to tumble over He was
18、 walking along quite normally and then suddenly fell over. Be careful not to fall over the step on your way in.Chinesea. 跌倒b. 被绊倒 f a l l over better off: in a more favorable position or financial circumstances They would be better off flying than driving here. They were not rich, but they were bett
19、er off than most of their neighbors. be cross with(infml.) to be rather angry I was cross with him for being late. Why is he so cross with you?Chinese 生气 at this rate means “if what is happening now continues to happen for some time” Where has he got to? At this rate we will miss the train. At this
20、rate they will soon overtake 赶上 other countries.And somehow, as they embraced, all their irritation and sleepiness left them. And they stood there embracing until at last Martin pushed her from him with pretended roughness and said: “Come, come, girl, it will be sunset before we begin at this rate.”
21、 (Para. 4) However, all of the unhappiness and drowsiness melted away with their hug. They remained in each others arms until finally Martin pushed her away, with pretended roughness, to show that he was now the bread-winner of the family and had serious work to do and therefore must stop this senti
22、mental nonsense, otherwise they would not be able to get anything done in the whole day.progressing at this speed as they walked silently through the little hamlet, there was not a soul about. (Para. 5)When they walked silently through the small village, they saw not a single person around them beca
23、use they were earlier than everybody else.Here it means a person. And they both looked back at the little cluster of cabins that was the center of their world, with throbbing hearts. For the joy of spring had now taken complete hold of them. (Para. 5)Both of them looked back towards their small vill
24、age, which was the most important place for them. Their hearts were quivering / beating with excitement at that moment, for the coming of spring had already filled their hearts with pleasure.the center of their lifeto gain complete control over sb. take complete hold of to gain complete control or i
25、nfluence over sb.; to have great power over sb.; to overpower sb.Examples: She felt a strange excitement taking hold of her. She was determined not to let the illness take hold again.Take/catch/grab/seize hold of sb. /sth.:抓住、握住、拿住 (控制住)And there was a big red heap of fresh seaweed lying in a corner
26、 by the fence to be spread under the seeds as they were laid. (Para. 6)In a corner beside the fence, there was a big pile of fresh seaweed. Before the seeds were dropped on the ridge, the seaweed should be spread first.lay seeds: to put the seeds into the soilWhen she was a little distance down the
27、ridge, Martin advanced with his spade to the head, eager to commence. (Para. 9)When she was a little away from him, Martin started to move ahead, putting his spade to the front. Now he was eager to start working. 1. on behalf of : I greet you in the name of the President.2. By the authority of: I ar
28、rest you in the name of the law.3. Calling sb. / sth. to witness: In Gods name, what are you doing? / What in the name of God are you doing here? （to express surprise or disbelief.）4. For the sake of: They did it all in the name of friendship. in the name of God by/of the name of: 称作、叫做称作、叫做 He goes
29、 by the name of Henry. Someone of the name of Henry wants to see you. under the name of: 用某某作名字，不用自己的真名用某某作名字，不用自己的真名 a. (of a part of the body) unable to feel anything, usually for a short time; not able to feel any emotions or think cheerfully because you are so shocked or frightenedvt. Make sb./s
30、th. numbn I had been lying awkwardly and my leg had gone numb.n My fingers were so cold that they felt numb.n The shock left me numb.n Her fingers were numbed with the cold. She was completely numbed by the shock of her fathers death. numb (Para. 11) a.& vt. (esp. passive )Suppose anybody saw us lik
31、e this in the field of our spring sowing, what would they take us for but a pair of useless, soft, empty-headed people that would be sure to die of hunger. (Para. 12)If people should see us like this (with your arm round my waist), what would they think of us? They were sure to take us for a pair of
32、 good-for-nothings, people who are unable to endure hardships and foolish and, therefore, were sure to die of hunger.to regard asweak or delicatestupid; silly and ignorant take for to regard as Do not take our silence for approval. I think they took me for Japanese. His eyes had a wild, eager light
33、in them as if some primeval impulse were burning within his brain and driving out every other desire but that of asserting his manhood and of subjugating the earth. (Para. 12)His eyes shone and his only desire now was to prove what a strong man he was and how he could conquer the land.exceptto elimi
34、nateto state strongly or behave in such a way as to show sth.primitiveto conquer the earth assert v. Example: assert a fact or belief or innocence 坚定地陈述（state sth. firmly） assert ones authority/independence 显示权威(make it clear by your behavior that sb. have authority ) assert ones right 坚持权利或要求（insis
35、t that sb. has the right ） Youre too timidyou must try to assert yourself （彰显自己）more.（speak and act in a forceful way, so that people take notice of you ） She asserted her innocence / that she was innocent. but she drew back at the same time and gazed distantly at the ground. (Para. 13)to withdrew;
36、to retreatto look at the ground as if she were far removed from（远离）the present situation; to be absorbed in thought She stayed from Martin and deeply absorbed in her thought. he turned up the first sod with a crunching sound. (Para. 13) he dug up the first piece of earth with grass and roots with hi
37、s spade, making a crunching sound.to dig up and turn overcrackling soundturn up: other meanings of the phrase ?Turn out / in / down / on / off etc. Turn sb. off to drive out the sudden terror that had seized her at that moment when she saw the fierce, hard look in her husbands eyes that were unconsc
38、ious of her presence. (Para. 13) she began to work hard in order to get rid of the terror that suddenly seized her when she saw that her husband had suddenly changed from the loving husband she knew into a fierce-looking farmer who did not seem to be aware that his bride was with him.She became sudd
39、enly afraid of that pitiless, cruel earth, the peasants slave master, that would keep her chained to hard work and poverty all her life until she would sink again into its bosom. (Para. 13)she would be bound tomercilessto die and be buried in the earthShe became afraid of the earth because it was go
40、ing to force her to work like a slave and force her to struggle against poverty all her life until she died and was buried in it. be chained to to be bound to; to have your freedom restricted because of a responsibility you can not escape 拴住 Too many women nowadays feel chained to the kitchen sink.
41、My brother was chained to my sick mother for more than 30 years.(old use) to prepare land for raising crops as by plowing and fertilizing; to cultivatefrom now on The love they had for each other did not last long. Their romance was now replaced by their necessity to face the hard work. From then on
42、, she was merely her husbands helper and had to work side by side with him. Her short-lived love was gone. Henceforth she was only her husbands helper to till the earth. (Para. 13)And Martin, absolutely without thought, worked furiously (Para. 13)Martin on the other hand had no time to waste on idle
43、 thoughts. He just concentrated on his work and worked with great energy. be dotted with to have things or people spread here and there over a wide area 点缀着 The sky was dotted with stars. The countryside is dotted with beautiful ancient churches. There was a sharpness in the still thin air that made
44、 the men jump on their spade halts ferociously and beat the sods as if they were living enemies. (Para. 14) The chilly and biting air of early spring made the peasants work fiercely with their spades, beating the sods as if they were enemies.furiously; fiercelythe top part of the spade blade which y
45、ou press with your foot Birds hopped silently before the spades, with their heads cocked sideways, watching for worms. Made brave by hunger, they often dashed under the spades to secure their food. (Para. 14)Birds hopped here and there around the working peasants, turning their heads to one side in
46、order to look for worms. The desire for food was so strong that they even dared to dash under the spades to get their food.to get secure: to get hold or possession of; to obtain after a lot of effort With a tremendous effort, she managed to secure a ticket for me. Grahams qualifications would no dou
47、bt help secure him a job.cock sideways: to tilt （倾斜）or turn (said of the head or ear) to one side He paused and cocked his head as if listening.Tom thought for a moment, his head cocking to one side.“Yes, isnt it lovely,” said Mary, looking at the black ridges wistfully. (Para. 17)Mary was sad that
48、this was going to be her life from now on, toiling and sweating over the land until the day she died. But on the other hand what they had done that day also made her proud and hopeful. The hurried trip to the village and the trouble of getting the tea ready had robbed her of her appetite. (Para. 17)
49、to deprive sb. of sth. belonging to that person by an unjust procedure Those cats robbed me of my sleep. It overpowered that other feeling of dread that had been with her during the morning. (Para. 17)The feeling of joy drove away the feeling of terror that she had had in the morning. overpower vt.B
50、e too strong or powerful for sb; defeat sb. by greater strength or numbers 制服、战胜、压倒，使无法忍受nShe was completely overpowered by the two nmen who attacked him.nThey were overpowered by grief when their son died.He was overpowered by the heat/guilt and shame. adj overpowering 压倒性的，无法抵抗的 overwhelm: be over