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1、牛津高一英 语第一单元知识点讲练( 译林牛津版高一英 语必修一教案教学 设计) 本单元的中心 话题是校园生活， 语言技能和 语言知识也都是 围绕校园生活 这一中心话题设计 的。Welcome to the unit版块介绍了英国校园生活的四个方面，引出话题，让学生对中国中学校园生活和英国中学校园生活进行比较，通过Reading和阅读练习 ，来提高学生略 读（skimming）和搜 读（scanning）两个方面的 阅读能力。 Word power版块强化了校园 设施、活 动器材等方面 词汇的学习。在 Grammar and usage版块中，学 习定语从句的基本概念， 关系代词和关系副词的功能
2、，并重点学 习关系代词 that, which, who, whom 及 whose的用法。接下来的Task 版块主要介 绍了校园的一些活 动，在了解 这些活动的同时，来练习听、说、读、写几个方面的技能， 让学生学会如何 谈论校园活 动以及写一份举办某一活 动的通知。在 Project部分，通 过学习两篇介 绍关于学校 俱乐部的文章，学会 设计一份关于创办一个新校园 俱乐部的海 报。学生通 过本单元后面的Self-assessment版块，来对本单元所学各个 项目进行自我 评价，为下一步学习制定行 动计划。本单元要求掌握的 词汇和短语主要有： attend, earn, respect, ac
3、hieve, grade, literature, average, challenging, lunchtime, e-mail, extra, cooking, prepare, drop, woodwork, miss, dessert, field, experience, article, penfriend, introduce, immediately, former, recently, culture, develop, photograph, donate, gift, display, kindness, guest, speech, flat, bookcase, at
4、tention, please, title, dynasty, cover, recent, professor, regret, inform, run, host, approve, broadcast, preparation, close, outing, continue, poet, generation, poem, select, require, scary, nature, for free, pay attention to, make preparations for 。语法项目主要掌握定 语从句的基本概念、 关系代词和关系副词的基本功能以及 关系代词 that, w
5、hich, who, whom及 whose 的用法。1. Going to a British school for one year has been a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. 此句中 going to a British school for one year为动名词短语，做句子的主 语。如：Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火很危 险。有时可用形式主 语 it，而将 动名词短语放在后面。如：It s no use arguing with him. 同他争 论是没用的。2. He a
6、lso told us that the best way to earn respect from the school was to work hard and achieve high grades. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页此句中不定式短 语 to earn respect是 way 的后置定 语，修饰 way。如：There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。I have something to tell you. 我有事要告 诉你。I have a pen
7、to write with.我有一支可写字的 钢笔。way 作“ 方式，方法 ” 讲时，其后常跟 to do sth.或 of doing sth.作定语，两种形式基本相同。如：I had no way to get in touch with him.我无法跟他取得 联系。Soon he got used to the American ways of doing things.不久他就习惯了美国式的做法。此句中另一个不定式短 语 to work hard and achieve high grades作that引导的宾语从句中的表 语。如：His job is to water the f
8、lowers. 他的工作就是 浇花。To see is to believe.眼见为实 。3. Though it didnt look like a table when it was finished, I still liked it very much. 此句为 though引导的让步状语从句，意 为“ 虽然，尽管 ” ，用法同 although，引导的从句既可放在主句之前，又可放在主句之后，注意主句不能再用but引导。如：We went out, though it was raining.虽然下着雨，我 们仍然出去了。Though they are poor, they buy a
9、 great many books.尽管他 们穷，他们还是买许多书。though从句的 动词如果与主句 为同一动词，则有时可省略主 语与动词。如：He was happy, though poor.他虽然穷，却很快 乐。though有时可用作副 词，意为“ 可是，但是 ” ，通常置于句尾或插入句中。如：It was hard work; I enjoyed it，though.那工作很辛苦，但是我却喜欢。Theres no excuse, though, for hurting her feelings.伤到她的感情一事， 还是不可原 谅。4. This is about the averag
10、e size for British schools. 此句中的 average为形容词，意为“ 平均的，一般的 ” ，如： the average agetemperature,平均年 龄气温。另外， average还可用作名 词，意为“ 平均数，平均水平 ” ，常见的短语有：an average of平均（有） ；on (the) average平均，一般 说来；abovebelow (the) average在平均水平以上以下5. Going to a British school for one year has been a very enjoyable and exciting e
11、xperience for me. I was very lucky to experience this different way of life. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页第一句中的 experience为可数名 词，意 为“ 经历” 。如：Our journey by camel was quite an experience.我们骑骆驼 旅行真是一次令人 难忘的经历。 He will make a speech about his experiences in China. 他将做一个演 讲，讲
12、述他在中国的 经历。当 experience作“ 经验” 讲时，通常用作不可数名 词。如：He has a lot of teaching experience.他有许多教学经验。第二句中的 experience用作动词，意为“ 经历，感受 ” 。如：Have you ever experienced real hunger?你体验过真正的 饥饿吗 ？He experienced many difficulties during his study in Britain.在英国学 习时，他经历过许 多困难。experienced为形容词形式，意 为“ 有经验的” ，常构成的短 语有： an e
13、xperienced doctor 一个有 经验的医生； be experienced inat 对有经验。6. She seems to be a person who cant pay attention to one thing for long. 此句中的 pay attention to 意为“ 注意” ，其中的 to 为介词。如：He didn t pay attention to me. =He paid no attention to me. 他没有注意到我。Too much attention was paid to the details.太过于注意 细节了。attenti
14、on常构成的短 语还有：catch one s attention吸引某人的注意力；focus one s attention on集中注意力于 ； turn one s attention to 将注意力 转向 。7. We regret to inform you that our library will be closed next Wednesday, Tuesday and Friday for the sports meeting. 此句中的 regret为动词 ，意为“ 遗憾，抱歉 ” ，常用 结构有： regret to say tell you inform you tha
15、t或 regret that 。如：I regret to tell you that I cant come today.=I regret that I can t come today.我很遗憾今天不能来了。当 regret作“ 后悔” 讲时，常说 regret sth.regret (not) doing regret that。如；He regretted his carelessness.他对自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。=He regretted having been careless. =He regretted that he had been careless. 另外， reg
16、ret还可用作名 词，意为“ 遗憾，后悔 ” ，常用短 语有： without regret 没有后悔； feel regret感到后悔； to one s regret（对某人而言）可惜的是 。8. Cooking was really fun as I learned how to buy, prepare and cook food. During exam time we have a special programme that tells students the things they should or shouldn t do for preparation. 精选学习资料
17、- - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页第一句中的 prepare为及物动词，意为“ 准备” ， prepare sth.意思是 “ 准备某事，做某事 ” 。另外， prepare还可用作不及物 动词，prepare for sth.意思是“ 为 做准备” 。When I got home, mother was preparing supper.当我到家 时，母亲正在做 晚饭。People are busy preparing for the new year.人们正在忙着 为新年做好准备。短语 be prepared for 意为
18、“ 为 做好准 备” ，意思同 be ready for ，强调一种状态。如； We are well prepared for the exam now. 现在我们已为考试做好了充分的准 备。第二句中的 preparation是 prepare的名词形式，常 见的短语有：make preparations for为 做准备（意思同 prepare for，其中 preparations常用复数形式）； in preparation在准备中； in preparation for作为 的准备。9. I was required to write a poem and I had to read
19、 it out to group. 此句中的 require用作动词，意为“ 要求“ ，常用作 require sb.to do sth.或 require that sb. (should) do sth.，意思是 “ 要求某人做某事” 。如：He required me to attend the meeting.他要求我参加会 议。=I was required to attend the meeting. =He required that I (should) attend the meeting. 另外， require 还可做“ 需要” 讲，意思和用法跟 need 相似，常用作
20、require sth.或require + v-ing ，意思是 “ 需要（被） ” 。如：This suggestion requires careful thought.这条建议需要仔 细考虑。This wall requires repairing.这面墙需要修理。10. First of all, let me introduce myself to you. 此句中的 introduce是动词，意为“ 介绍” ，常用在 introduce sb.( to sb.)结构中，意思是 “ （向某人）介 绍某人” 。如：May I introduce my friend George to
21、 you? 向你介绍我的朋友 乔治好吗？introduce也可作 “ 引进” 讲，常用在 introduce sth. intoto some place结构中，意思是 “ 把某物引 进到某地来 ” 。如：New Paris fashions are introduced into Shanghai every year. 巴黎的新流行式 样每年都被引 进到上海。另外， 还可作“ 引导初学者认识” 讲，常用在 introduce sb. to sth.结构中。如：The teacher introduced his young pupils to computer science. 这位老师引
22、导他的学生了解 计算机科学。教你一招：何时只用关系代词 that? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页that和 which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下 , 一般用that而不用 which 。 当先行 词为 all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代 词时，如： a. All that can be done has been done. b. I am sure she has somet
23、hing (that) you can borrow. c. There is little (that) the enemy can do besides surrender 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时。I ve read all the books that are not mine. 先行词是序数 词或形容 词最高级修饰时。This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.This is the first composition (that) he has written in En
24、glish. 先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰时。That white flower is the only one (that) I really like. This is the very book (that) I have been looking for. 当有两个或两个以上分 别表示人和物的先行 词时，这个定语从句要用 that而不用 who (whom)和 which引导。如：He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited. 以 who, which, what
25、 开头的疑问句，定 语从句用 that而不用 who, (whom) 和 which引导。Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? What that is on the table belongs to me? 当关系代词在从句中作表 语时。Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. 巩固练习：1. All _ is useful to us is g
26、ood. A. which B. what C. that D. whether 2. This is the very factory _we visited last year. A. that B. which C. what D. the one 3. The text is one of the most interesting stories _ learnt in the past three days. A. that have B. that have been C. which has D. which has been 4. This is the only thing
27、_ I can do now. A. what B. which C. that D. all 5. I saw the boy and his dog _ were walking in the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页park. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 6 Which is the book _ you borrowed from the library. A. which B. what C. whom D. that 7. China is no longe
28、r the country _ it used to be. A.what B.which C. who D. that 巩固练习参考答案：（ CABCBDD ）单元知识点专项练习 ：I. 单词拼写（根据首字母提示写出该单词 的适当形式）：1. They had a quiet wedding（婚礼） only a few friends a_ it. 2. As students, we should show r_ for our teachers. 3. Mary is interested in the classical (古典的 ) l_ of France. 4. Departm
29、ent stores d_ their goods in the windows. 5. The boy is brave enough to accept the c_ job. 6. Before Christmas, the bus company provided e_ buses because there were so many people. 7. I knew there were problems, but I was not p_ for this. 8. He had many interesting e_ while traveling in Africa. 9. K
30、eeping a p_ is a good way of practising your writing. 10. The headmaster i_ a new teacher to the students yesterday morning. 11. I haven t seen her r_ and I dont know how she is getting along with her book. 12. Your garden looks so beautiful! May I take a p_ of it? 13. The White House didnt a_ the p
31、lan until recently. 14. The football game was b_ on TV and millions of people watched it. 15. This custom (风俗) has been handed down from one g_ to another. II. 单项选择 : 1. Have you seen the famous writer _? A. that our teacher told B. who our teacher told you C. our teacher told you of D. our teacher
32、told 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页you of him 2. Much attention should _ science and technology. A. pay to develop B. pay to developing C. be paid to develop D. be paid to developing 3. What they are doing is _ some money. A. more than donating B. much than to donate C. mo
33、re than to donate D. much than donating 4. David thought a while and then decided to _ the meeting. A. attend to B. join C. take part in D. attend 5. I never feel _ in his company. A. easily B. at ease C. comfortably D. pleasing 6. English is spoken as the native language in countries _ Britain, the
34、 USA, Canada and Australia. A. for example B. as C. like D. in other words 7. His health was getting worse and he regretted _ his doctors advice.A. not to have taken B. not having taken C. to have not taken D. having not taken 8. All the students _ three tests in English literature. A. require to ta
35、ke B. require taking C. are required to take D. are required taking 9. Beijing, _ the 2008 Olympic Games, calls on all its citizens to learn English. A. are preparing for hosting B. are prepared to host C. are prepared for hosting D. preparing for hosting 10. The purpose of new technologies is to ma
36、ke life easier, _ it more difficult. A. to make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 11. I expect you are right I ll ask him, _.A. though B. although C. as though D. even though 12. What do you think made him so upset? _. A. He lost his new bike. B. Because he lost his new bike. C. Having los
37、t his new bike. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页D. Because of losing his new bike. 13. Mr. Green knows how to deal with children well. He has _ in a primary school. A. ten years experience in teaching B. ten years experiences in teaching C. ten years experience to teach D. t
38、en years experiences to teach14. The mother _ her daughters safe arrival.A. informed of B. was informed on C. informed on D. was informed of 15. What do you think of the way _ this problem. A. he thought of solving B. that he thought to solve C. he thought of to solve D. which he thought solving III
39、. 句型转换( 每空一词, 注意保持句意一致 ): 1. While in Britain, he became interested in teaching Chinese to English students. When he was in Britain, he _ _ _ _ teaching Chinese to English. 2. Students at that school can give up some subjects if they don t like them.Students at that school can _ some subjects _ they
40、 don t like.3. I usually went to the computer club at lunchtime, so I could get in touch with my friends by e-mail without paying any money. I usually went to the computer club at lunchtime, so I could _my friends _ _. 4. Tom is six years old this year and old enough to go to school. Tom is six year
41、s old this year and old enough to _ _. 5. An average of 20 students went abroad to go on with their English studies in this school each year from 1998 to 2004. _ _, there were 20 students who went abroad to _ their English studies in this school from 1998 to 2004. 6. John used to be a lazy boy, but
42、now he isnt.John is _ _ the lazy boy _ he used to be. 7. Mary has a very good friend, but I cant remember her name. Mary has a _ friend _ _ I cant remember.8. As soon as he finished his studies, he started traveling in China. _ _ his studies, he started traveling in China. 9. When David returned to
43、Britain 2 months ago, he brought many books back from China and gave them to his 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页school library for free. When David returned to Britain 2 months ago, he _ the books _ he brought back from China _ his school library. 10. After the journey his
44、clothes looked so dirty and needed to be washed. After the journey his clothes looked so dirty and _ _. 11. When you rang me up last Friday, I was busy preparing for traveling to China with my parents. When you rang me up last Friday, I was busy _ _ _ traveling to China with my parents. 12. Each day
45、 our canteen serves three meals, and you can also buy soft drinks during break times. Each day our canteen serves three meals, and soft drinks _ also _. IV. 单句改错: 1. The teacher brought in a boy and introduced him for us. _ 2. That morning I got up an hour later than usually as I had no classes. _ 3
46、. The homework here is not as heavy as I was used to get in my old school. _ 4. Man cant go against the nature without being punished. _ 5. The boy who you saw him at the school gate was from the UK. _ 6. This is the most interesting book which I have ever read. _ 7. Father was sitting on the sofa a
47、t ease while mother was preparing for lunch. _ 8. More equipments has been introduced into our school since last year. _ 9. Though the family was very poor, but the parents wanted their daughter to continue her studies. _ 10. Mary is the only one of the girls who were invited to the party last Sunda
48、y. V. 根据所 给单词 或短语完成句子：1. 每周一早晨 , 所有同学都被要求参加集会（require, attend）2. 最后他通 过努力工作达到了目 标(achieve one s goal)3. 我没花 钱从别人手里拿到了 这张票，他不想要 (for free) 4. 谁被选中来朗 读这篇课文的？ (select) 5. 对于如何 经营商店，他一无所知 (run) 6. 这个孩子从未受 过善待 (experience) 单元知识点专项练习 参考答案：I. 单词拼写: 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页1
49、.attended 2.respect 3.literature 4.display 5.challenging 6.extra 7.prepared 8.experiences 9.penfriend 10.introduced 11.recently 12.photograph 13.approve 14.broadcast 15.generation II. 单项选择 ：1-5.CDADB 6-10.CBCDB 11-15.ACADC III. 句型转换1.developed an interest in 2.drop, that 3.e-mail, for free 4.attend
50、school 5.On average , continue 6.no longer, that 7.close, whose name 8.UponOn finishing 9.donated, whichthat, to 10.requiredneeded washing 11.making preparations for 12.are, available IV. 单句改错: 1.for改为 to 2.usually改为 usual 3.去掉 was 4.去掉 the 5.去掉 him 6.去掉 which 或把 which 改为 that 7.去掉 for 8.equipments改