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1、 The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句IntroductionAn attributive clause modifies a noun in the same way that an adjective or prepositional phrase does. The noun it modifies is called an antecedent(先行词先行词).Tom belongs to the team who are wearing green. 先行词先行词定语从句定语从句关系代词关系代词先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is
2、a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my home.the machine = thatthe boy =whothe boys =whosein the school = where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实
3、际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词Relatives(关系词关系词)The attributive clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns(关关系代词系代词) like which, that, who, whom，as and whose, or relative adverbs(关关系副词系副词) like where, why and when.FunctionsIn the attributive clauses the relative words usually function
4、as the:subject, object, predicative, attribute, adverbial Subject I dont know the girl. The girl is standing there.I dont know the girl who is standing there.ObjectI like the dictionary. My father bought the dictionary.I like the dictionary that my father bought.PredicativeJack used to be a lazy boy
5、. Jack is no longer a lazy boy. Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be.AttributiveShe lives in the house. The windows of the house face south.She lives in the house whose windows face south.AdverbialI will never forget the day. I visited the Summer Palace on the day.I will never forget th
6、e day when I visited the Summer Palace.This is not the reason. He was late for the reason.This is not the reason why he was late.The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which (1) The scient
7、ist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.Join the sentences.(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. PracticeRea
8、d the article on page9 and underline the attributive clauses.关系代词关系代词 that, which, who, whom 和和whose的用法的用法 关系代词关系代词: : 1. who指指The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2. whom指指The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.人人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）人人,作宾语
9、作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略)3. which 指指These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略) 4. that 指指A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man (that) I told you about.He liv
10、es in the house whose windows face south.5. Whose 指指I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane.人人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略)“某人的，某物的某人的，某物的” 先行词成分人物主 语 宾 语所有格注 释Who/thatWhich /thatWhom/who /that Which/thatwhose/of whomWhose/of whichA relative pronoun can be omitted when it is used as the object
11、in attributive clause.Conclusion 关系词的选择关系词的选择 注意：注意： 1. that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以在指物的情况下一般都可以互换互换, 但在下列情况下但在下列情况下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。(1) 先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. All (that) we have to
12、do is to practice every day.The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.(2)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。(3)先行词既指人又指物时先行词既指人又指物时. They are talking about the people and things that they like.Look at the man and his donkey that are wa
13、lking in the street.(7)关系词在从句中做表语关系词在从句中做表语(4)先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, just修饰时。修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. He is the only person (that) I want to talk to.The boy was not the one that he used to be.Who is the man that is standing by the door? (6)先行词前面有先行词前面有
14、who, which等疑问代词时。等疑问代词时。Which is the dictionary that you want? Ive read all the books that are not mine. They went to the library to look up any information (that) they need. (5)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修饰时。修饰时。Practice1.This is the best film _Ive seen.2.That is the last les
15、son _I gave you.3.This is the very book _Im lookingfor.4.That is just the coat _color is red.5.I still remember the schools and boys _I met there.(that)(that)(that)whose(that) 6. Everything _you said is true. 7. Which is the book _you want? 8. Who is the girl _sits there? 9. All _he said is true.10.
16、 All _is said by him is true.11. Are there any problems _trouble you?(that)(that)that(that)that that2. As也可作关系代词，用于也可作关系代词，用于the sameas, soas, asas和和suchas等结构中，等结构中，as不可省。不可省。1) Ive never heard such stories _ he tells. 2) This is the same dictionary _ I lost. 3) Such boys _you mentioned are well.4)
17、She wore the same hat _you wore yesterday. 比较：比较： It is so difficult a problem _no one can work out.It is so difficult a problem_no one can work it out.thatasasasasas3. 当先行词是当先行词是 the way 时且在从句中做的是方式状时且在从句中做的是方式状语语,关系词应用关系词应用 that, in which 或省略或省略.I dont like the way _ you speak to her.I dont like t
18、he way_ she works.比较：比较：The way _ he thought of was not practical.Which one is not right?A. that B. which C. in which D. 不填不填 (in which/that) (in which/that)C Practice :1. Complete part A and part B on page11.Part A : 1) who 2) which 3) who 4) whom/who 5) which 6) which 7) whose 8) whom/whoPart B:2)
19、 who/that are from different countries3) that/which I like best4) who/that teaches us English5) that/which are very interesting6) Whose name is Sally/who is called Sally7) that/which is quiet and comfortable2. Multiple choices: 1-5 ABCCA 6-11 CDCBADHomework 1. Complete C1 & C2 on page 88.2. Preview “Task: reporting school activities”.