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1、最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在时一般现在时every , sometimes, at , on Sunday 现在进行时现在进行时now现在完成时现在完成时for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般过去一般过去时时yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 过去进行过去进行时时this morni
2、ng, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while 过去完成过去完成时时before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 一般将来一般将来时时next, tomorrow, in 过去将来过去将来时时多用在间接引语中表示发多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作生在谓语动作以后的动作1) Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _
3、the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been calledB说明说明: 本题的干扰源为上下文的过去时本题的干扰源为上下文的过去时, 但但“被称为太平洋被称为太平洋”是客观现状是客观现状, 只只 能用一般现在时。能用一般现在时。1.1.现在时态现在时态2) I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year. A. will play B. have playe
4、d C. played D. play说明说明: 常识告诉我们常识告诉我们, 一个人一旦获得某种一个人一旦获得某种 技能技能, 一般是不会在短期内失去的一般是不会在短期内失去的, 所所 以需用一般现在时。以需用一般现在时。D3) Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 说明说明:自从我赢了大奖自从我赢了
5、大奖, 人们不停地打电话人们不停地打电话 来问我将怎样使用这笔钱。此处的来问我将怎样使用这笔钱。此处的 are phoning 表示表示“不停地打电话不停地打电话”。D4) Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is not a easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will changeA说明说明: 选择移动电话难的原因是由于科技选择移动电话难的原因是由于科技 正在飞速发展正在飞速发展, 所以
6、要用现在进行所以要用现在进行 时时; 况且进行时态常给人一种情感况且进行时态常给人一种情感 上的描述上的描述, 表示说话者的一种表示说话者的一种“感慨、感慨、 赞赏、愤怒、斥责赞赏、愤怒、斥责”等。等。5) _ my sister three times today but her line was always busy. A. Id phoned B. Ive been phoning C. Ive phoned D. I was phoning 说明说明: 此题的干扰源是后面的此题的干扰源是后面的 was busy。今。今 天打了三次电话是用来表示结果的天打了三次电话是用来表示结果的,
7、只能用现在完成时只能用现在完成时; 而每次她都占线而每次她都占线 是表示过去的动作是表示过去的动作, 所以用一般过去时。所以用一般过去时。C6) - You havent been to Beijing, have you? - _. How I wish to go there! A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I havent C. No, I have D. No, I havent说明说明: 从补充的句子从补充的句子 “How I wish to go there!”可知可知“我我”没到过北京。没到过北京。D7) -Hi, Tracy, you look tired. -
8、I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted说明说明: 这句话的意思是这句话的意思是“我一整天都在刷起我一整天都在刷起 居室居室”, 现在完成进行时表示从过去现在完成进行时表示从过去 开始的一个动作一直持续到现在开始的一个动作一直持续到现在, 而而 且还在进行当中且还在进行当中, 强调的是强调的是“一直在做一直在做”。C8) Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _ going back to sch
9、ool, but she hasnt decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. consideredD. is going to consider说明说明: 她她“一直在考虑返校一直在考虑返校”是现在完成进是现在完成进行行 时时, “还没作决定还没作决定”是现在的结果。是现在的结果。1) It is the first / second time. that结结构中的从句部分构中的从句部分, 用现在完成时。用现在完成时。如如:It is the first time that I have visited the cit
10、y.It is the third time that the boy has been late. 注意比较注意比较 Its time that 结构：结构： It is high time that we went to school.用于现在完成时的句型用于现在完成时的句型: : 2) This is the that结构结构, that 从句要从句要用现在完成时。用现在完成时。如如: This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。这是我看过的最好的电影。 This is the first time (that) Ive
11、 heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。这是我第一次听他唱歌。 (1) - Do you know our town at all? - No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming (2) - Have you _ been to our town before? - No, its the first time I _ here.A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come BD注
12、意注意: 非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表 示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不 发生的状态是可以持续的。发生的状态是可以持续的。(错错) I have received his letter for a month.(对对) I havent received his letter for almost a month. 1. - Nancy is not coming tonight. - But she _! A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised说明说明: Nan
13、cy 答应要来这个动作应该发生答应要来这个动作应该发生 在过去在过去, 是过去作出的承诺。是过去作出的承诺。B2.2.过去时态过去时态2. My uncle _ until he was forty-five. A. married B. didnt marry C. was not marrying D. would marryB说明说明: until 用在肯定句中时用在肯定句中时, 主句的动主句的动词必须是延续性动词词必须是延续性动词, 表示该动作一直表示该动作一直持续到持续到 until 后的时间为止后的时间为止; 短暂性动短暂性动词只能用在否定句中词只能用在否定句中, 表示直到此时该表
14、示直到此时该动作才开始。本题中动作才开始。本题中 marry 是短暂性是短暂性动词动词, 所以只能用在否定句中。所以只能用在否定句中。3. - You havent said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? - Im sorry I _ anything about it sooner. I certainly think its pretty on you. A. wasnt saying B. dont say C. wont say D. didnt sayD说明说明: 本题的干扰源来自上下文中的本题的干扰源来自上下文中
15、的时态时态, 上文用的是现在完成时上文用的是现在完成时, 下文用下文用的是一般现在时的是一般现在时, 所以有些人就误以为所以有些人就误以为此处该用现在时态了。但根据说话人此处该用现在时态了。但根据说话人的意思不难发现的意思不难发现, 没有说出自己的评价没有说出自己的评价是在这段对话以前的事了是在这段对话以前的事了, 所以要用一所以要用一般过去时。般过去时。4. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read was falling B. was reading fell C. was reading was falling D. read fe
16、llB说明说明: 一般来说在复合句中的两个动一般来说在复合句中的两个动作作, 延续性的动作大都用进行时延续性的动作大都用进行时, 短暂短暂性的动词用一般时性的动词用一般时, 表示在某个动作进表示在某个动作进行的过程当中另一个动作发生了。行的过程当中另一个动作发生了。5. The manager had fallen asleep where he _, without undressing. A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had liedB说明说明: 该题的意思为该题的意思为“经理躺在那儿经理躺在那儿睡着了睡着了, 衣服也没脱衣服也没脱”。
17、“躺躺”是一是一个不及物动词个不及物动词, 其过去式和过去分词其过去式和过去分词为为“lay; lain”。lay 是及物动词是及物动词, 过去过去式和过去分词为式和过去分词为 laid; lied 是是“说谎说谎”的过去式和过去分词。的过去式和过去分词。6. The little girl _ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it. A. had cried, lost B. cried, had lost C. has cried, has lost D.
18、cries, has lost B说明：哭得伤心发生在过去说明：哭得伤心发生在过去, 而丢玩具而丢玩具熊发生在哭之前。两个发生在过去的动熊发生在哭之前。两个发生在过去的动作作, 之前发生的用过去完成时之前发生的用过去完成时, 之后发生之后发生的用一般过去时。的用一般过去时。7. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone 说明说明: “他没叫我就走了他没叫
19、我就走了” 这个动作明显这个动作明显发发 生在生在“我认为我认为”之前。所以必须用之前。所以必须用过过 去完成时。去完成时。D1. If a man _ succeed, he must work as hard as he can. A. will B. is to C. is going to D. should说明说明: 此句的意思为此句的意思为“如果一个人想要成如果一个人想要成功功, 就必须尽力而为就必须尽力而为”。If 引导的是条件引导的是条件状语从句状语从句, 不能用将来时。而不能用将来时。而 be to 结构虽结构虽然表示将来的动作然表示将来的动作, 但它不属于将来时。但它不属于
20、将来时。B3. 3. 将来时态将来时态2. - Youve left the light on. - Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off. A. Ill go B. Ive gone C. I go D. Im going说明说明: 本句的重点是本句的重点是“并行结构并行结构”, 关键关键是是 看后面的看后面的 turn，所以，所以B、C、D、都、都 不符合。不符合。A3. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C
21、. will have left D. left C说明说明: by the time 表示表示“到到 为止为止” “在在 之前之前”, 如果主句的动作发生如果主句的动作发生在过去在过去, 一般需要用过去完成时一般需要用过去完成时; 如果是如果是将来将来, 就需用将来完成时。就需用将来完成时。4. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon. A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left说明说明: that 引导的宾语从句中的动作引导的宾语从句中的动作“离离 职职
22、” 应该发生在应该发生在“were surprised” 之后，故需用过去将来时。之后，故需用过去将来时。B1. - Can I join the club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got说明说明: 时间状语从句中没有将来时时间状语从句中没有将来时, 需用需用 一般现在时替代一般将来时。一般现在时替代一般将来时。A4.4.状语从句中的时态问题状语从句中的时态问题2. In such dry weather, the flowers will ha
23、ve to be watered if they _. A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive说明说明: 条件状语从句中不用将来时，但条件状语从句中不用将来时，但 be to 结构不属于将来时态形式。结构不属于将来时态形式。B3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C.
24、graduatesD. is to graduate说明说明: by the time 引导的是时间状语从句引导的是时间状语从句, 故不能使用将来时。故不能使用将来时。D选项虽可考虑选项虽可考虑, 但但 be to 结构大多用来表示结构大多用来表示“义务、决定、义务、决定、职责、约定职责、约定”等等, 与句意不合。与句意不合。C4. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be, will know B. is, will know C. will not be, know D. is, know说明说明:
25、 before 引导的是时间状语从句引导的是时间状语从句, 无无 将来时将来时, 而主句应该用将来时。而主句应该用将来时。CA. 一般现在时代替将来时一般现在时代替将来时 除了在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用除了在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时外一般现在时代替将来时外, 表示现在已安排表示现在已安排好的未来事项好的未来事项, 行程等活动也用一般现在时行程等活动也用一般现在时来代替将来时来代替将来时。如。如: The museum opens at ten tomorrow.博物馆明天博物馆明天10点开门。点开门。5.5.几种时态的替代问题几种时态的替代问题(实际上每天如此实际上
26、每天如此)B. 一般现在时代替完成时一般现在时代替完成时 句型句型 “It is since”代替代替“It has been since ”。如如: It is (= has been) five years since we last met. C. 一般现在时代替进行时一般现在时代替进行时 在全部倒装句中都用一般现在时代在全部倒装句中都用一般现在时代替现在进行时。替现在进行时。如：如： Look, here comes Mr. Li. 请用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。请用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. He usually _ (have) porridge and bread
27、for breakfast.2. _ you ever _ (speak) to a foreigner before?3. When I got to the station, the train _ (leave) already.hasHave spokenhad left4. I _ (find) my ruler in my desk five minutes ago.5. What _ you _ (do) at this time yesterday?6. I _ (give) you a call as soon as I _ (reach) the school. 7. What _ your friend _ (do) now?foundweredoingwill givereachisdoing8. My first teacher said he was fifty-five and he _ (retire) in two weeks.would retireGood-bye!