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1、动词的时态动词的时态一一.一般现在时的用法一般现在时的用法1.经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。示频度的时间状语连用。如:如:usually,often,always,seldom,every,sometimes,at,onSundaye.g:Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2.客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3.表示格言或警句中。表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbefor
2、eafall.骄者必败。骄者必败。注意:注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。般现在时。e.g:Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.4.代替将来,可用于表示事先安排或计代替将来,可用于表示事先安排或计划好的将来的动作,这些动词往往表示划好的将来的动作,这些动词往往表示“来,去,出发,到达来,去,出发,到达”等含义,如:等含义,如:begin,start,come,go,arrive,return,leave,stop,open,close,end,stay,do
3、,have,give,die,meet,seeoff,gooff等等(有具体的时间有具体的时间状语)状语)e,g:Thetrainstartsatfive.Theplanearrivesatsix.5.在时间状语从句,条件状语从句以及在时间状语从句,条件状语从句以及让步状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,让步状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。从句用一般现在时。e,g:Iwillgoifyougo.Youcanjointheclubwhenyougetabitolder.NOTES:Ifyouwilllisten,Iwilltellyouaboutit.6.被动语态的构成被动语态的构成a
4、m/is/are+过去分词过去分词e.g:TheGreatWallisknownallovertheworld.Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.1.-Whenwillyoucometoseeme,Dad?-Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou_thetrainingcourse.A.willhavefinishedB.willfinishC.arefinishingD.finish2.Visitors_nottootouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequestedD3.I_
5、pingpongquitewell,butIHaventhadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play4.-You are drinking too much.-Only at home.No one_me but you.A.is seeing B.had seen C.sees D.sawC5.-Willyougoskiingwithmethiswintervacation.?-It_.A.alldependB.alldependsC.isalldependedD.isalldependingBB6.-Ca
6、nIhelpyou,sir?-YesIboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit_.A.didntworkB.wontworkB.C.cantworkC.D.doesntwork7.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted8.ItwasuntilthenthatIcametoknowthatknowledge_onlyfrompractice.A.hascomeB.comesB.C.cameD.hadcomeB二二.一般过去
7、时的用法一般过去时的用法1.在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。存在的状态。时间状语有:时间状语有:yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。等。Wheredidyougojustnow?但有时状语可以省去或隐含,需从上下但有时状语可以省去或隐含,需从上下文中猜测。文中猜测。2.表示在过去一段时间内,经常表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。性或习惯性的动作。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.WhenevertheBrownswent
8、duringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.vItistimeforsb.todosthvItistimesb.didsth.vwould(had)rathersb.didsth.vItistimesincesb.didsth.句型句型4.wish,wonder,think,hope等等用过去时,作试探性的询问、用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。请求、建议等。Ithoughtyoumighthavesome.我以为你想要一些。我以为你想要一些。5.被动语态的构成被动语态的构成was/were+p.p.1.-Wherehaveyoubeenrece
9、ntly?-I_inHangzhouonbusinessforaweeklastmonth.A.havebeenB.wasB.C.hadbeenD.hadgone2.-Yourphonenumberagain?I_quitecatchit.-Its69568442.A.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cantBA3.-Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?-_.A.TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeB.TheearthquakewasdestroyingthemC.Theydestroyedintheearthqua
10、keD.Theearthquakedestroyedthem4.-Youhaventsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?-ImsorryI_anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkitsprettyonyou.A.wasntsayingB.dontsayC.wontsayD.didntsay5.Myuncle_untilhewasforty-five.A.marriedB.didntmarryC.wasnotmarryingD.wouldmarry6.Anawfulaccident_,however,occur
11、theotherday.A.doesB.didC.hastoD.hadto7.OldMcdonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon_tohisoldways.A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned8.-Nancyisnotcomingtonight.-Butshe_.A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised注意:注意:用过去时表示现在,表示委婉用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。语气。1)动词)动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend等。等。
12、Didyouwantanythingelse?Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.2)情态动词)情态动词could,would.Couldyoulendmeyourbike?Wouldyoudomeafavor?3used to/be used tousedto+do:Motherusednottobesoforgetful.Scarfusedtotakeawalk.beusedto+n./doing:对对已已感到习惯,或感到习惯,或“习惯于习惯于”,to是介词,是介词,后需加名词或动名词。后需加名词或动名词。Heisusedtoavegetariandiet.Scarfisu
13、sedtotakingawalk.(现在习惯现在习惯于散步于散步)三三.一般将来时一般将来时shall/will+V1.shall用于第一人称,常被用于第一人称,常被will所所代替。代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称,在在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。征求意见时常用于第二人称。WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst?Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?2.begoingto+不定式,表示将来。不定式,表示将来。a.主语的意图,即将做某事。主语的意图,即将做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?b.计
14、划,安排要发生的事。计划,安排要发生的事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。c.有迹象要发生的事有迹象要发生的事Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.3.be+todo1表将来,按计划或正式安排将发表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。生的事。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.2.表示职责、义务、意图、约定、表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性、命令等。可能性、命令等。Imsureyouaretobecomeusefulpersonsinthefuture.4.beabout
15、+不定式不定式5.1.意为马上做某事。意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意:注意:beaboutto不能与不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。连用。2.be(just)abouttodowhenIwasjustabouttogotoswimintheriverwhenourguidefoundme.5.一般现在时表将来一般现在时表将来1)下列动词:)下列动词:come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时表将来。的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间
16、上已确定或安排好这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。的事情。ThetrainleavesatsixtomorrowWhendoesthebusstart?Itstartsintenminutes.2)倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如:)倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如:Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.3)在时间或条件句中。)在时间或条件句中。WhenBillcomes(不是不是willcome),askhimtowaitforme.IllwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethe
17、re.4)在动词)在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等后。等后。Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom.6.用现在进行时表示将来用现在进行时表示将来意为:意为:“意图意图”、“打算打算”、“安排安排”、常用于人。常用词为、常用于人。常用词为come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay,take等。等。Imleavingtomorrow.Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?7.被动语态的构成被动语
18、态的构成will+be+p.p.8.区别区别(1)begoingto/will用于条件句时,用于条件句时,begoingto表将来表将来will表意愿表意愿Ifyouaregoingtomakeajourney,youdbettergetreadyforitassoonaspossible.Nowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewillfitthenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror.(2).beto和和begoingtobeto表示客观安排或受人指示而表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。做某事。begoingto表示主观的打算或表示主观的
19、打算或计划。计划。Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(客观安排客观安排)Imgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(主观安排主观安排)1.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho_forthespoiledmilk.A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblame2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_.A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveB.C.wouldsurviv
20、eD.willsurvive3.Hundredsofjobs_ifthefactorycloses.D.willloseA.loseB.willbelostC.arelost4.IvewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I_mymum.A.amtakingB.havetakenC.takeD.willhavetaken5.-Youveleftthelighton.-Oh,soIhave._andturnitoff.A.IllgoB.IvegoneC.IgoD.Imgoing6.Ifaman_succeed,hemustworkashardashecan.A.will
21、B.istoC.isgoingtoD.should7.-Dontforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.-_.A.IdontB.IwontC.IcantD.Ihavent8.It_longbeforewe_theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe,willknowB.is,willknowC.willnotbe,knowD.is,knowBC四四.现在完成时现在完成时1.过去过去发生的动作对发生的动作对现在现在造成的造成的影响或结果影响或结果,常与,常与already,yet,just,recently,before,many
22、times,once,twice等连用等连用e.g:Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.2.过去发生的事情持续到现在,过去发生的事情持续到现在,有可能继续持续下去,常与持续有可能继续持续下去,常与持续动词连用,句中常有表示段时间动词连用,句中常有表示段时间的时间状语,如的时间状语,如since,for,inthepast/lasttenyears,sofar,uptonow,howlong等。等。e.g:GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainthepasttwentyyears.Wehavefinishedtenunitssofar.W
23、ehavelearnedEnglishsince1996.3.瞬间性动词与延续性动词的互换瞬间性动词与延续性动词的互换becomebe,fallill-beill,join-be,die-bedead,buy-have,leave-beaway,marry-bemarried,borrow-keep,come-be,begin-beon,return-beback,fallasleep-beasleep,fallinlovewith-beinlovewith比较:比较:1.Hehasjoinedthearmy.Hehasbeenasoldierforfiveyears.2.Shehasdied
24、.Shehasbeendeadfortenyears.3.Theygotmarriedtenyearsago.Theyhavebeenmarriedfortenyears.4.比较过去时与现在完成时比较过去时与现在完成时1)过去时表示过去某时发生的动)过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响影响。2)过去时常与具体的时间状语连)过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语
25、连用,或无时间状语。状语连用,或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,lastweek,ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,具体的时间状语具体的时间状语共同的时间状语共同的时间状语:thismorning,tonight,thisApril,now,once,before,already,recently,lately现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastyears,不确定的时间状语不确定的时间状语3)现在完
26、成时可表示持续到)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般现在的动作或状态,动词一般是是延续性延续性的,如的,如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.过去时常用的过去时常用的非持续性非持续性动动词有词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。等。Isawthisfilmyesterday.(强调看的动作发生了。)(强调看的动作发生了。)Ihaveseenthisfilm.(强调对现在的影响,(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)电影的内容已经知道了。)Whydidyougetupsoearly
27、?Whohasnthandedinhispaper?ShehasreturnedfromParis.Shereturnedyesterday.HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow.-WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?-Hesalreadybeensentfor.句子中如有过去时的时间副词(句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如如yesterday,lastweek
28、,in1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。过去时。(错)(错)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.(对)(对)Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.比较:比较:一般过去时表示的动作或状态都一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。已成为过去,现已不复存在。Christinewasaninvalid(病人)病人)allherlife.(含义:她已不在人间。含义:她已不在人间。)Christinehasbeenaninvalidallherlife.(含义:她现在还
29、活着含义:她现在还活着)Mrs.DarbylivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.(含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。基州。)Mrs.DarbyhaslivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.(含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能继续住下去可能继续住下去)5.用于现在完成时的型用于现在完成时的型1)Itisthefirst/secondtime.that结构中的从句部分,用现结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。在完成时。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.Itwasth
30、ethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.2)Thisisthethat结构,结构,that从句要用现在完成时从句要用现在完成时.ThisisthebestfilmthatIve(ever)seen.Thisisthefirsttime(that)Iveheardhimsing.3)被动语态的构成被动语态的构成has/have+been+p.p.1.-Doyouknowourtownatall?-No,thisisthefirsttimeI_here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcomingB2.-Haveyou_beentoourtownbefor
31、e?-No,itsthefirsttimeI_here.A.even,comeB.even,havecomeC.ever,comeD.ever,havecomeD4._thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.-Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.IvebeentoldB.IvetoldC.ImtoldD.Itold5.Theprice_,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodownC.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown6.Allthepreparationsforthetask
32、_,andwerereadytostart.A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompletedD7.-Howareyoutoday?-Oh,I_asillasIdonowforaverylongtime.A.didntfeelB.wasntfeelingC.dontfeelD.haventfeltD8.IwonderwhyJenny_usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.A.hasntwrittenB.doesntwriteC.wontwriteD.hadntwrittenA9.Whe
33、nandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday_yet.A.arenotdecidedB.havenotbeendecidedC.isnotbeingdecidedD.hasnotbeendecidedD10.-Howlong_atthisjob?-Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed11.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvited
34、C.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited6.since的四种用法的四种用法1)since+过去一个时间点过去一个时间点(如如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980,lastmonth,halfpastsix)。Ihavebeenheresince1989.2)since+一段时间一段时间+agoIhavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.3)since+从句从句Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.Considerabletimehaselapsed(逝去)逝去)since
35、wehavebeenhere.4)Itis+一段时间一段时间+since从句从句ItistwoyearssinceIbecameapostgraduatestudent.7.延续动词与瞬间动词延续动词与瞬间动词1)用于完成时的区别用于完成时的区别延续动词表示经验、经历;延续动词表示经验、经历;瞬瞬间动词表示行为的结间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。示段的时间状语连用。Hehascompletedthework.他已完成了那项工作。他已完成了那项工作。(表结果表结果)Iveknownhimsincethen.我从那时起就认识他了。我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历表经历)
36、2)用于用于till/until从句的差异从句的差异延续动词用于肯定句,表示延续动词用于肯定句,表示做做直到直到瞬间动词用于瞬间动词用于否定句,表示否定句,表示到到,才,才Hedidntcomebackuntiltenoclock.他到他到10点才回来。点才回来。Hesleptuntiltenoclock.典型例题典型例题1.Youdontneedtodescribeher.I_herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meetB2.-Imsorrytokeepyouwaiting.-Oh,notatall.I_hereonlyafewminutes.A.
37、havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbeA3.-Whyisitsonoisyinthenextroom?-Becausethefivechildren_forthreehoursandtheirparents_thehousesincetheygotup.D.havebeenup,havebeenawayfromA.havebeenup,havegoneB.hadgotup,haveleftC.havebeenup,haveleft4.-Wouldyoubesokindastotellmehowtogettotherailwaystation?-Sorry.Imastran
38、gerhere.ThisisthefirsttimeI_here.A.havebeenB.wasC.havegoneD.am5.Imsorry.ItoldyouIdbereadytoleaveat5:30,butIstill_mywork.A.didntfinishB.haventfinishedC.hadntfinishedD.wouldntfinished五五.过去完成时过去完成时had+been1.概念:表示过去的过去概念:表示过去的过去-|-|-|-其构成是其构成是had+过过去分词构成。去分词构成。那时以前那时以前那时现在那时现在2.用法用法a.在在told,said,knew,he
39、ard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。等动词后的宾语从句。Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.b.状语从句状语从句在过去不同时间发生的在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。过去时。Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.c.表示意向的动词表示意向的动词,如,如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等,用过去完等,用过去完成时表示成时表示原本原本,未能,未能Wehadhope
40、dthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidnt.3)过去完成时的时间状语过去完成时的时间状语before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbeguntomakealivingbyhimself.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.4)had+been+p.p.(被动语态)被动语态)1.Thestudents_b
41、usilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe_intheoffice.A.hadwritten,leftB.werewriting,hasleftC.hadwritten,hadleftD.werewriting,hadleftD2.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_inBeijing.A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted3.Thelittlegirl_herheartoutbecauseshe_hertoybear
42、andbelievedshewasntevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lostB.cried,hadlostC.hascried,haslostD.cries,haslostB4.Thenewsuspensionbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesignedB5.JohnandI_friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe_eachothe
43、racoupleoftimesbeforethat.D.havebeen,hadseenA.hadbeen,haveseenB.havebeen,haveseenC.hadbeen,hadseenD6.He_tothelabthanhesetouttodotheexperiment.A.hasnosoonergotB.nosoonergotC.willnosoonergetD.hadnosoonergotD7.I_tobeabletogettomyseatwithoutbeingseen,butthatmorningitwasstrangelyquietandorderly.A.hopedB.
44、hadhopedC.washopingD.hopeB8.-_you_thechiefeditorattheairport?-No.He_awaybeforemyarrival.A.Have,met:hasdrivenB.had,met:wasdrivenC.Did,meet:hadbeendrivenD.Have,met:wasdriven9.Hetoldusthatthemostimportantpoints_yet.A.didntcoverB.hadntcoveredC.werentcoveredD.hadntbeencoveredD10.Whereonearthhaveyoubeen?W
45、e_youbackmuchearlier.A.wereexpectingB.areexpectingC.hadexpectedD.expect3.用一般过去时代替完成时用一般过去时代替完成时1)两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用调先后,或用then,and,but等连等连词时,多用一般过去时。词时,多用一般过去时。Whenshesawthemouse,shescreamed.MyauntgavemeahatandIlostit.2)两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过如第一个动作需要若干时间完成
46、,用过去完成时。去完成时。WhenIheardthenews,Iwasveryexcited.3)叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。而只用一般过去时。OurteachertoldusthatColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.六六.将来完成时将来完成时1.构成构成willhavebeen2.概念概念a.状态完成:表示某事继续状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。b.动作完成:表示将来某一时或动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的
47、动作或一获得的经验。成的动作或一获得的经验。Theywillhavebeenmarriedfor20yearsbythen.YouwillhavereachedShanghaibythistimetomorrow.七七.现在进行时现在进行时(am/is/are+v-ing)a.表示现在表示现在(指说话人说话指说话人说话时时)正在发生的事情。正在发生的事情。Wearewaitingforyou.b.习惯进行:表示长期的或重习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。正在进行。Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.Sheislearn
48、ingpianounderMr.Smith.c.表示渐变的动词有:表示渐变的动词有:get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。等。Theleavesareturningred.Itsgettingwarmerandwarmer.d.与与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。往往带有说话人的主观色彩。Youarealwayschangingyourmind.e.am/is/are+being+p.p.(被动被动语态)语态)1.Mydicti
49、onary_,Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill_it.A.haslost,dontfindB.ismissing,dontfindC.haslost,haventfoundD.ismissing,haventfound.D2.不用进行时的动词不用进行时的动词1)事实状态的动词事实状态的动词have,belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue等。等。Ihavetwobrothers.Thishousebelongstomysister2)心理状态的动词心
50、理状态的动词know,realize,think,see,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate等。等。Ineedyourhelp.Helovesherverymuch.3)瞬间动词瞬间动词accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.Iacceptyouradvice4)系动词系动词seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get