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1、语态语态用法用法被动语态的构成被动语态的构成1.基本结构：基本结构：be+vt.过去分词过去分词 方式方式时间时间一般一般进行进行完成完成现在am/is/are madeam/is/are being madehas/have been made过去was/were madewas/were being madehad been made将来will be madeshall/would have been made否定形式：第一个助动词后加not（shall not =shant) 一般疑问句：be 提前 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+(主语）+过去分词+其它？ 动词过去分词的构成规则动词过
2、去分词的构成规则 1、一般在动词原形末尾加、一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，looked played2、结尾是、结尾是e的动词加的动词加-d ， lived used3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写双写 这个辅音字母这个辅音字母，再加，再加-ed， planned tripped4、结尾是、结尾是“辅音字母辅音字母+y”的动词，先变的动词，先变“y”为为“i” ， 再再 加加-ed ， study-studied， carry-carried（与动词过去式构成规则一样）（与动词过去式构成规则一样）1、speak spoke spoken 2、
3、use used used3、make made made 4、write wrote written5、grow grew grown 6、plant planted planted7、produce produced produced 8、ask asked asked9、plan planned planned 10、send sent sent11 、 build built built 12、invite invited invited不规则动词的过去分词要牢记请写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词：请写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-bu
4、ilt中考链接中考链接2010 安徽 44Are you going to the party?No, because I .A.have asked B.havent askedC.have been asked D.havent been asked 2.2.含情态动词的被动语态构成：含情态动词的被动语态构成： 情态动词（情态动词（can/may/must/should）+be+及物动词过去分词及物动词过去分词 e.g 1、This bike can be repaired. 2、The tree must be put straight in the hole. 3、The classr
5、oom should be cleaned every day. .否定形式：情态动词后加not一般疑问句：情态动词 提前 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+情态动词+(主语）+be+过去分词+其它？中考链接中考链接2013 安徽 46Thanks to the Internet,different kinds of information in a short time.A.can be learned B.has been learnedC.can learn D.has learned难点解析难点解析:被动形式表主动意义被动形式表主动意义1.反身代词被动形式表主动意义V.+反身代词She dres
6、ses herself in white.She is dressed in white.2.不及物过去分词表主动意义gone,come,fallen.returned,retiredNext year I will be graduated.3.情感态度等用被动形式表示主动意义Im pleased to meet you at the party.3.情感态度等用被动形式表示主动意义Im pleased to meet you at the party.拓展：表示拓展：表示 据说据说 或或 相信相信 的词组的词组 believe, consider, declare, expect, fee
7、l , report, say, see, suppose, think, understandIt is reported that 据报道据报道 It is believed that大家相信大家相信It is hoped that大家希望大家希望It is well known that 众所周知众所周知It is thought that大家认为大家认为It is suggested that据建议据建议It is taken granted that 被视为当然被视为当然中考链接中考链接2007 安徽 31Ba Jin,one of the greatest writers of C
8、hina, as peoples Writer.A.is regarded B.has regardedC.is regarding D.regards难点解析二：主动形式表示被动意义难点解析二：主动形式表示被动意义1.连系动词：sound,look,feel,appear,seem,taste2.某些不及物动词表示“品质”或“性能”：lock,wash,read,clean,cut.表示“发生”：happen，take place,occur.中考链接中考链接2008 安徽 19When you leave the room,make sure the door .A.was locked
9、B.is lockedC.will be locked D.should be lockede.g many people speak English.Englishis spokenby manypeople. 主动语态变被动语态的步骤主动语态变被动语态的步骤：1 1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2 2、主动句的谓语动词变为、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构被动结构；3 3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由byby引出，当引出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。解题技巧解题技巧1.找准主语2.分析主被动关系3.研究时态4.选择正确的单词或词组