《短文改错课件（培优）.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《短文改错课件（培优）.ppt（39页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、高考英语专项复习高考英语专项复习短文改错短文改错How to do proofreadingHow to do proofreadingCountdownCountdown77 days77 days考纲解读模块模块 5 5 考纲解读考纲解读 高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题型。主要高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题型。主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性及考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性及词、句、词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。篇和语法的综合水平。高考短文改错题设置的考点灵活高考短文改错题设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括词法、句
2、法、行文词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构逻辑以及语篇结构等，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对等，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。 考点考点 20142013201220112010动词现在完成进行现完过去时过去时名词单复数adj.转n.复数不可数名词（advice）形容词修饰作用（2）无修饰作用无副词before与ago区别cut off转 cut down无much多余冠词固定搭配多余the缺少a缺少代词复合不定代词复合不定代词人称代词无介词固定搭配多余think over改think abouton改成in20
3、14-2010年全国卷短文改错考点分析高考短文改错命题规律高考短文改错命题规律题量 考点年份 动词名词连词形容词副词代词冠词介词2007全国I112012112008全国I411001022009宁夏海南401101112010课标全国221100122011课标全国32111111合计146632547命题分析模块模块 5 5 命题分析命题分析 2009/20102009/2010年新课标区短文改错透析年新课标区短文改错透析考区考区年份年份体裁体裁题材题材词数词数 海南、海南、宁夏宁夏20102010 记叙文记叙文朋友在美国经历的一件趣事朋友在美国经历的一件趣事 112 1122009200
4、9应用文应用文( (书信书信) )第一周大学生活描述第一周大学生活描述128128浙江浙江20102010记叙文记叙文一件就餐时的小事，表现了妈一件就餐时的小事，表现了妈妈的爱心妈的爱心10810820092009夹叙夹议夹叙夹议一位卡车司机一位卡车司机先人后己的先人后己的活雷锋活雷锋105105模块模块 5 5 命题分析命题分析辽宁辽宁20102010记叙文记叙文我班的小女孩我班的小女孩ChristineChristine888820092009记叙文记叙文一次自己卖报筹钱一次自己卖报筹钱买自行车的经历买自行车的经历105105陕西陕西20102010记叙文记叙文姐姐买杯子时发生姐姐买杯子时
5、发生的尴尬事的尴尬事110110模块模块 5 5 命题分析命题分析 从近几年的高考短文改错题看，试题具有下面的从近几年的高考短文改错题看，试题具有下面的特点：特点： 1 1选材选材 短文改错的文体多为第一短文改错的文体多为第一/ /三人称记叙文、应用文三人称记叙文、应用文( (以书信为主以书信为主) )、议论文。一般在、议论文。一般在110110词左右。所选取的词左右。所选取的语言材料贴近实际生活，多为考生所熟知，且话题贴语言材料贴近实际生活，多为考生所熟知，且话题贴近学生，有的带点幽默，有的包含教育意义。文字浅近学生，有的带点幽默，有的包含教育意义。文字浅显易懂，材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇；
6、句子结构简显易懂，材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇；句子结构简单，基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句；语言地道，单，基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句；语言地道，符合英语语言习惯。符合英语语言习惯。考查要点 1.词法的测试 词法的测试包括：1)定冠词冠词和不定冠词的用法；2)名词名词的单复数和名词所有格；3)动词动词的时态、语态、语气、情态动词和非谓语动词等；4)人称代词代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；5)介介词词的搭配；6)并列连词连词、从属连词的用法；7)形容词形容词、副词副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；8)固定搭配和习惯用法。短文改错口诀短文改错要做好短文改错要做好,
7、 ,常见类型应记常见类型应记牢。牢。名词爱考名词爱考数数与与格格, ,冠词冠词在前错、多、少。在前错、多、少。动词时态和语态动词时态和语态, ,非谓搭配莫错非谓搭配莫错了。了。连、代、形、副错一样连、代、形、副错一样, ,多是故多是故意来混淆。意来混淆。介词多半考搭配介词多半考搭配, ,多、漏、误用多、漏、误用想周到。想周到。词法句法均未错词法句法均未错, ,逻辑推理去寻逻辑推理去寻找。找。考查要点 2.句法的测试 句法的测试包括：1)主谓语在数上的一致；2)名词性从句；3)定语从句；4)强调句型；5)句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。 考查要点 3.语篇的测试 语篇的测试包括：1)上
8、下文中的时态是否一致；2)上下文中的代词是否一致；3)上下文中的逻辑是否一致；4)上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。 应试点睛模块模块 5 5 应试点睛应试点睛 作为一个与时俱进的新题型，新课标试卷中的短文改作为一个与时俱进的新题型，新课标试卷中的短文改错是考生失分较多的题型。错是考生失分较多的题型。 原因有两个方面：原因有两个方面： 一是错误的不确定性。这主要是因为和传统的短文改错一是错误的不确定性。这主要是因为和传统的短文改错相比，新课标短文改错每行可能有两个错误。相比，新课标短文改错每行可能有两个错误。 二是因为设错的内容多为考生在平常进行语言操练时常二是因为设错的内容多为考生在平
9、常进行语言操练时常犯的错误。做好短文改错题应注重以下技巧：犯的错误。做好短文改错题应注重以下技巧：解题技巧 1.通读全文，了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。尤其是行文逻辑方面的错误，有时孤立地读一个单句时是没有错误的(或是不易看出错误)。但是，如果联系上下文，就会发现该句的问题所在。在通读全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好，这样也为再进行分行、分句改错时，起到了降低难度的作用。解题技巧 2.分句阅读，逐行找错。做完上述工作后，就要进入逐行改错的阶段。这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇(详见考查要点)角度着重分析和特别注意。 3.最后，把改好后的短文再阅读一遍，检验答
10、案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。 1.通读短文，掌握大意通读短文，掌握大意2.细读全文，逐一作答细读全文，逐一作答3.复读全文，验证答案复读全文，验证答案注意答题说明及答题规范注意答题说明及答题规范文中共有文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。1. 修改（修改（68个个）：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。面写出修改后的词。 The book is well worth read. reading2. 增加（增加（12
11、个）：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（个）：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并并在其下面写出该加的词。在其下面写出该加的词。 catch sight him of 3. 删除（删除（12个）：把多余的词用斜线（个）：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。）划掉。 He is right there in the front of me. 注意答题说明注意答题说明 1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改只允许修改10处，多者（从第处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。处起）不计分。 名词的错误主要是单、复数形式及名名词的错误主要是单、复数形式及名词所有格的错误。例如：词所有格的错误。例如
12、： 2011陕西陕西: . I came across a crew making a new film with one of my favorite actor. 2011浙江浙江: I was playing at my cousin house.2011辽宁辽宁: . the rate of UFO reports was steady, around three per weeks. 一一. 词法词法 名词爱考 “数”与 “格” actors cousinsweek 常考的错误形式有：常考的错误形式有：the, a, an the, a, an 的的用法错误，以及冠词的多用或少用。用
13、法错误，以及冠词的多用或少用。2011陕西：陕西：He was right there in the front of me. 2010 课标全国课标全国: My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US. 2010陕西：陕西：Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it. 冠词在前冠词在前 “错错” “多多” “少少”athe 动词时态与语态动词时态与语态 主要错误动词的时类型是时态和语态误用主要错误动词的时类型是时态和语态误用以及在倒装句强
14、调句中动词词型的误用。例如：以及在倒装句强调句中动词词型的误用。例如： 2011陕西陕西: . by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and .2011浙江浙江: She knows what had happened, but she thanked me .2010陕西陕西: It was turned out to be her own cup. hadknew 这是考查较多的错误形式之一。主要是这是考查较多的错误形式之一。主要是现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。2010课标
15、全国课标全国: On the box was a card said:“25 cents.”2010浙江浙江: I noticed Mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderly woman .2009浙江浙江: It was a lesson that it was possible give without expecting anything in return. sayingoccupiedto 非谓搭配莫错了非谓搭配莫错了 连词连词、代词、形容词和副词在句子、代词、形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。例如：中的作用和具体用
16、法。例如：连连、代代、形形、副错一样副错一样,多是故意来混淆多是故意来混淆2011陕西陕西: I was really disappointing and about to leave .2011浙江浙江: When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.2011陕西陕西: The actor couldnt be seen everywhere.disappointedslowlyanywhere 介词在高考中考查多与固定搭配有关。例介词在高考中考查多与固定搭配有关。例如：如：2011浙江浙江: . I
17、would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy2011陕西陕西: .about to leave when he walked out a building 2011浙江浙江: There was one on particular Id always wanted. ofin介词多半考搭配介词多半考搭配,多、漏、误用想周到多、漏、误用想周到 二二. 句法涉及到一致句法涉及到一致, 从句多考关系词从句多考关系词 句子主语与谓语动词的一致性错误以及复合句句子主语与谓语动词的一致性错误以及复合句引导词的误用等。例如引导词的误用等。例如: :
18、2011辽宁辽宁：.the rate of UFO reports were steady . 2011浙江浙江: It turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake.2010宁夏青海宁夏青海: . let me know what things are going. 2009辽宁辽宁: One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan.waswhichhowwhich 三三. 词法句法均未错词法句法均未错, 行文逻辑
19、推理来行文逻辑推理来寻找寻找 主要是句子之间逻辑关系的矛盾，代词在人主要是句子之间逻辑关系的矛盾，代词在人称上的不一致等。例如：称上的不一致等。例如：2011陕西：陕西：I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get 2011辽宁辽宁: Wayne Tyler decided to make his findings known. They wrote an article2010陕西陕西: The assistant was clearly as embarrassed as my sist
20、er, for I just thought it was funny. and 或或so Hebut / yet / while真题再现 文中共有文中共有1010处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()()，并在其下面写出，并在其下面写出该加的词。该加的词。 删除删除：把多余的词用斜线：把多余的词用斜线()()划掉。划掉。 修改：修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。的词。 注意：注
21、意：1.1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2 2只允许修改只允许修改1010处，多者处，多者( (从第从第1111处起处起) )不计分。不计分。专题一专题一 记叙文型短记叙文型短 文改错文改错2011年课标年课标全国卷高考试题中的全国卷高考试题中的短文改错短文改错 My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I wo
22、uld go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without luggages. When I fin
23、ally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last. Practice 2011年课标年课标全国卷高考试题全国卷高考试题 My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I
24、would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my Practice_buying_there a_and非谓语动词非谓语动词副词副词冠词冠词连词连词bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt
25、very strange to travel without luggages. When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last. _in_were_luggage_friends_felt 介词介词句法一致性句法一致性名词名词介词介词动词时态动词时态专题二专题二 应用文型短应用文型短 文改错文改错 Dear Mrs WinthorpDear Mrs Winthorp， So my first w
26、eek at college is over! No So my first week at college is over! No lectures this morning so I think Id email you lectures this morning so I think Id email you and let you know what things are going.and let you know what things are going. Im glad to say that anything has worked out Im glad to say tha
27、t anything has worked out fine in the dorm. I remembered asking for a room fine in the dorm. I remembered asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor. There find me a comfortable one on se
28、cond floor. There are two girls from my course here and I plan to are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work. Everyone else seems other on the course work. Everyone else seems
29、very nice and warmly here.very nice and warmly here. Well, I had better to stop now. Im going to Well, I had better to stop now. Im going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon, for attend mine first lesson this afternoon, for Ive got some preparation to make. Keep in touch.Ive got some preparat
30、ion to make. Keep in touch.BestBest，CarolCarol专题专题 二二 真题再现真题再现【答案【答案】专题专题 二二 真题再现真题再现专题三专题三 议论文型短议论文型短 文改错文改错Here is my idea about how a friend is like. Here is my idea about how a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets. If
31、you tell him a secret, never your secrets. If you tell him a secret, never will he talks about it with anybody else. will he talks about it with anybody else. Besides, a friend is always good listener Besides, a friend is always good listener when you need one. After hear your sad when you need one.
32、 After hear your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him and warm. Still, your happiness makes him happily too. Whats more, a good friend is happily too. Whats more, a good friend is willing to offer the
33、help to which you need, willing to offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you some advices. In a or can at least give you some advices. In a word, friends are those you like and trust, word, friends are those you like and trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with them.spent with them.【答案【答案】HomeworkFinish the proofreading exercises on the papers. Thank Thank you！