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1、YOUR LOGO原 创 文 档 请 勿 盗 版精品学习资料精品学习资料自学考试英语( 二) 最新最全复习资料自考英语（二）重点难点分析考试重点语法虚拟语态、倒装句、主谓一致、介词、连词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词（ 不定式、动名词、分词）并列句、复合句（ 主从， 宾从 ， 表从，定从，状从，同位从）1.简单句和并列句主谓 ，主谓状I study hard.情态动词+ 实意动词构成谓语. I shall go.主谓宾， 主谓介宾I study English.I look at the blackboard.主系表I am a student. The leaves turn red.主谓
2、双宾I give him a present.主谓宾宾补I let you do it.I ask you to do it.定 状 语 A red book.Work hard.并 列 句 I worked and studied （ x）I worked and he studied.2. 主从复合句（ 1） 宾语从句I study English. I think（ that）I think that she is a good student.I made it clear that he objected to the plan.I asked whether/if he was a
3、 good student.I dont know whether it is raining.I asked what he had studied. He gave me what I need.You are wrong in that you took effect for cause.欢迎下载第 1 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料（ 2） 主语从句That the sun moves around the earth is the truth. （ it is the truth that）Whether it is raining is not known.It is
4、not known computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.A.whether B. if C. that D. howIt goes without saying that we are not living in a traditional society.Who will come to the meeting remains unknown.翻译题： In a sense， what he said amounts to threat.（ 3） 表语从句Your greatest fault is that
5、you are careless.The problem is what we should do to help him.（ 4） 形容词补语从句We feel proud that our team has won every match this year.He wasnt sure whether he should stay or leave.Are you certain who he is（ 5） 同位语从句（ fact， news， idea， opinion ， concern， hope， theory， decision， discovery， conclusion ，r
6、eport，order， question， problem， belief， truth， answer， statement， promise， possibility. ）The news that he intended to come gave us much pleasure.（ 6） 状语从句时间状语从句When I studied ， the bell rang.She was going upstairs when suddenly the light went out.He had no sooner died than / he had hardly died when
7、the family arguments began.地点状语从句He live where he liked.原因状语从句欢迎下载第 2 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料He was late because he missed the bus.Now that you mention it ， I do remember.Im in a slightly awkward position， in that my secretary is on holiday at that moment.目的状语从句We have so arranged matters that one of
8、us is always on duty.Bring it closer so that I may see it better.结果状语从句He brought a big house so（ that） he had more space to paint in.He made such a good speech that he won warm applause.翻译题： The brothers looks so alike that it is difficult to tell them each other条件状语从句If I make a promise ， I keep i
9、t.Ill lend you the money， as/so long as you take my advice.These messages will become rubbish unless some measures have been taken.让步状语从句Although/ though he was Spanish ， he spent most of his life in Germany.Whatever/ No matter what happens ， you must be calm and quiet.However/no matter how loudly y
10、ou shout， you wont be heard.方式状语从句I have changed the plan as you suggested.As if（ as though）比较状语从句（ 重点）She is as tall as Tom（ is） I arrived as early as you（did）Mary was older/more careful than Tom （ was）Mary works harder /more carefully than Tom（ does）Bill speaks French （ badly ） than he writes it.T
11、he （ far）away we get from the earth ， the thinner the air becomes. further进（ 8）定语从句在从句中成份+ 连词欢迎下载第 3 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料（who 主语）She is a beautiful girl. I like the girl who is beautiful.This is the film that I see.This is the boy who（ whom ）（ ） you met yesterday. （ 主语 ）Tell me something about the
12、man for whom I shall be working /（ whom ） I shall be workingfor.I read the book whose cover is red.You are still the same person as I knew ten years ago.I never heard such stories as he told.This is the day when（ on which） I joined the league.This is the house where（ in which） I live./ This is the h
13、ouse I live in.非限定性定语从句He met Mary ， who invited him to dinner.I gave the book to Tom ， whom/ who I found after the meeting.Her doctor ， whose office was newly decorated ， started to charge higher fee.His latest play ， which was well reviewed by the critics， has been a great success.I called him by
14、the wrong name ， for which mistake I apologized.Prof. Emery ， about whom everyone is taking these days.There are only four areas very many diamonds have been found.A.where B.when C.that D.whichWhere 用在定语从句和状语从句的区别Ill go to the place（ where I live ）Ill go wherever work conditions are difficult.定语从句和同
15、位语从句的区别The news （ that our team had won） was known to all.This is the film that（ I see）。考题 ： Such people you describe are rare nowadays.a. as b. that c. who d.whichAnyone （ want） to understand the industry of the future will have to know about IT .who want欢迎下载第 4 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料Who wants Many
16、of us visited the industrial exhibition， ， to our disappointment ，saw very few high-tech products.wea. where b. which c. as d. that3. 并列复合句He said that he would give up smoking ， but nobody believe it.I never saw a busier person than she seemed to be； yet it was difficult to say what he shedid.动词的时态
17、和语态一般I did进行I was doing完成I had done完成进行I had been doing过去现在I doI am doingI have doneI have been doing将来I shall doI shall be doingI shall have doneI shall have been doing（/）过去将来I should doI should be doing （ /）I should ha ve done（/）I should have been doing（ /）重点语法 动词的时态和语态时态的呼应I thought the experimen
18、t was going on now.She said this apparatus would be available next week.Am/is/are/+ done. This room is cleaned every day.Was/were +done This room was cleaned yesterday.Will be+ done This room will be cleaned.Am/is/are being done This room is being cleaned at the moment.Was/were being done This room
19、was being cleaned when I arrived.Have/has been done My car has been repaired.Had been done The room looks much better. It had been cleaned.No sooner had I arrived at the theatre than the film began .HardlywhenSome people think that the relations between people have deteriorated - （much that understa
20、nding and friendship are almost impossible.deteriorate） so（ happen） toNearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happenedher.欢迎下载第 5 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料非谓语动词动词不定式做主语To see is to believe.What to do next has not been decideIt is not easy to remember all these words.表语To know e
21、verything is to know nothing.定语This is a book to be written .宾语I want to study .He found it impossible to keep silent any longer.宾补 They warned me not to be late.I let you do it（ make， have， see， watch， notice， look at，perceive）observe， smell，listen to ，hear，状语 Yesterday he came to see me.独立成份To be
22、frank， she is not my girlfriend.形容词补语I am glad to hear the news.不定式的逻辑主语For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable.不定式的时态和语态to do（ be） ， to be+p.p.to have done， to have been done动名词主，表语Seeing is believingToms going there wono tadny harm.My hobby is collecting stamps.定语This is a swimming poor
23、.（a poor for swimming ）This is a hiding place（ a place for hiding）宾语I enjoy studying（mind ， keep， appreciate，suggest， admit etc.）cant help，consider， postpone，Do you mind my smoking here欢迎下载第 6 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料介词 +宾语I used to doing.（ confess to， look forward to ， object to doing sth. ）be involve
24、 in ， consist of ， be fond of ， etc.动名词的时态和语态基本形同分词的时态和语态分词状语 When I saw the film ，I felt sad = Seeing the film ， I felt sad.Because it is Sunday today，we have no school.It being Sunday ， we have no school.When the job was finished ， we went home straight away.The job finished ， we went home straigh
25、t away.定语 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.=The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine.The used car. A broken cup the question involved.表语The film is exciting. All the windows are broken.宾补I found them watering flowers. （ I found that they were watering flowers.I found the flo
26、wers watered.（ I found the flowers watered ）分词的时态和语态.（ 形同动名词）doing（ being） being donehaving done having been done nothing to say ， the boy shield way form the crowd.A. Having B. Have C Had. D. Having beingWhat developed was a music readily taking（ take） on various forms.Not having got （ not get） eno
27、ugh hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task.非谓语动词答题要点1. Anyone wanting （ want） to understand the industry of the future will have to know aboutrobotics.（ convict ）of murder.2 . A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted3. As research techniques become more adva
28、nced，experiments may decrease.the number of animals used （ use） in欢迎下载第 7 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料Not have got （ not， get） enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task .It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes tocontrol（ control ） his di
29、rection.As Ill be away for a year， Id appreciate hearing（ hear） from you now and then .Object to ， confess to ， look forward to + doing.介词 + doing.If I had remembered the window ， the thief would not have got in.a. to close b. closing c. to have close d. having closed.Begin， start， intend， continue
30、to do ， doing的区别不大The baby began crying. The baby began to cry.Try to do.努力去做Try doing尝试去做，.I was very tired. I tired to keep my eyes open t.but I couldnI can t find anywhere to live. ， they began to get down to business. A. The holidays being over B. The holidays areover C. The holidays were over D
31、. The holidays had been overV+ing及从句的固定用法It s no use doing sth.It s no use worrying about it. Theres nothing you can do.It （s not） worth doing sth.Have difficulty doing sth.Spend time （ in） doing sth.There is no doubt that.强调句强调主语It is I that/who am to blame2. 强调直接宾语It was a glass that Mary broke.3.
32、 强调间接宾语It was him that I gave the pen to.4. 强调介词宾语It is this room that I am living in.5. 强调状语1）时间状语It was last year that Tom graduated from high school.2） 地点状语It was under the bridge that we found him.欢迎下载第 8 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料3） 原因状语It was for his arrogance that I dislike him.4） 目的状语It was for p
33、leasure that I read it.不仅可以是陈述句， 还可以是疑问句和感叹句.Was it you that/who lost a watch yesterday What great progress it was that you made.强调句可以是一个从句， 被强调的部分也可以是从句.t received the invitation that he didnt comeI was told that it was because he hadnIt was there， the police believe ， she was able to activate the
34、recorder she kept in herbag.A. that B.until C. which D. when虚拟语气第一类型：见词就填：A. （ should ） do（ should） beB. （should） be + 过去分词第一类型虚拟语气A动词advise名词advice形容词advisable建议proposeproposalsuggestinsistSuggestioninsistencesuggestedinsistent坚持要求requireRequirementdesiredesiredesireddemandDemandrequestrecommendreq
35、uestRecommendationRequested建议命令 决定 命令 宁愿 决定 命令 安排重要orderorderOrdereddecidedecisionDecidedcommandcommandpreferpreferencePreferabledeterminedeterminationInstructInstructionarrangeArrangementArrangedImportanceimportant欢迎下载第 9 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料见某些形容词要虚拟Urgent ， necessary， important ， possible， essen
36、tial， incredible ， natural， ridiculous ，vital ， imperative ，crucial ， critical ， proper， compulsory ， etc.形容词带的从句：It is important that every member（ should） inform himself of theserules.主语从句：It is decided that the meeting（ should） be postponed.宾语从句：He insisted that his daughter （ should） come.表语从句：T
37、he doctor s advice is that the patien（t should） be kept quiet.同位语从句： He gave order that the guests （should） be hospitably entertained.考题： They demanded that the right to vote （give） to every adult person. （ should）be givenFor a child to give up less mature idea for a more sophisticate one ， it requi
38、res that the child psychologically ready for the new idea.A.is B.be C.were D.would be考题 ： for your help ， I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and tensions.A. Had it not been B. not been C. Without being D. not having been特殊虚拟Even if形式上与if相同Wish形式上大体与if从句相同从句谓语与Wish同时Wish+主语+V.ed/we
39、reI wish I were as young as you.从句谓语发生Wish之前多用Wish+主语+had done（ been）I wish that he had not made so much trouble.从句谓语发生Wish之后用 Wish+主语while+would （ could ） + v. I wish you would stay with me far aI wish I could fly.It is（ about. High） time that +从句（ V.ed）It is high time that we began to work.欢迎下载第 1
40、0 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料In case， lest， for fear that（should） + V.The mad man was out in the padded cell lest he himself.A. injure B. had injured c. injured d. would injure.Would rather =had rather ， would just as soon， would sooner， would prefer多加过去式表示尚未发生的动作.倒装句全部倒装In came Jack. Now comes your turn.
41、Among them were two girls.部分倒装Hardly/scarcely/barely had we got on the bus when it began to rain.No sooner had he put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.Not until many years later did the whole truth become known.Not only did he win the championship in the race，but he also broke the wor
42、ld record.Neither my sister nor I have traveled by air.Never， nowhere， no longer， little ， feww ，not（ not a single word ）no. （ at notime， by no means， in no way， on no account， under/in no circumstances ）Only here can you buy fresh eggs.主谓一致要点To become actresses is their ambition.Nodding often means
43、 you say yes. What I did was to give her a book.Neither she nor I am wet.Many a student doesnt like having to do their homework.连词连接代词who， whom ， whose， what， which， whoever， whatever，which ever连接副词when， how， why，where， whenever， wherever并列连词and， but， or，so ，therefore， yet， however ， nevertheless，fo
44、r， hence，n，oras well as， bothand， not onlybut al，so，oreitherneither欢迎下载第 11 页，共 151 页精品学习资料精品学习资料从属连词after， when， before， as， while ， since， until ，if， even if， unless， lest， because， than， that， whether， long as， in order that ， as if， as though， in case， now that ， so as .as.till ， although， thoug
45、h，so that，tha，tas soon as， astha，tsuchWhen we play a game， we enjoy what we are doing ， we should not play it.A. otherwise B. instead C. nevertheless D. either不定代词Any ，one， none， nothing ， neither， either， both， all ， anyone， any one，any， much， manysome，Are you sure there are not sharks here A.any B. some C. many D. much.Used to ， be used to doing自考英语（二）不规则动