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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流高三英语精品复习资料.精品文档.高三英语精品复习资料：英语短文改错【命题趋向】短文改错是一项主要测试考生的判断能力，观察能力、纠错能力语言基础知识及语言的综合运用能力。短文改错的趋势：1.改错短文以记叙文和说明文为主。2.文章内容贴近学生生活，没有生僻词汇和复杂的结构，文章简单易懂，错误设置也很简单，多为学生平常作文中常出现的错误。3.短文一般100词左右，错误有9处。4.常见错有三种:错词、多词、缺词。错词占60%左右【错误类型】1.错词2.多词3.缺词4.正错错词多词缺词正错2007年全国卷I71112007年全国卷II71112007年
2、陕西卷I6211【考点透视】一错词的热点1动词时态语态非谓语；主谓关系。2联系词关系代词和关系副词；连词；连接词。3名词可数名词、不可数名词，可数名字的单复数变化。4介词介词和动词的搭配错误。5形容词/副词词类错用。6冠词定冠词和不定冠词的错用。7代词人称代词；物主代词；反身代词。8惯用法固定句型，固定短语。二多词和缺词热点1.冠词2.介词3.副词4.代词5.关联词6.小品词to【短文改错主要特点】1.语言材料取自于学生的习作。2.短文为贴近学生生活的话题或学生身边事。3.短文难度符合学生水平。4.语言简单易懂。5.没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构。【例题解析】一错词1.动词错误：（1）时态
3、和语态、主谓一致的错误。【1】整体时态：*Then I ask him “Grandma, how come you have so much lines on your hand”全文为故事，故ask改为asked。*High over the water, theydiscovera hole in the balloon.The hole became bigger and bigger.全篇使用过去时态，故改discover- -discovered【2】主谓一致*Having fun with their friendsmakethem happy.动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用单数形
4、式makes。*But the most wonderful thing about jack werehis musical ability。主语为the most wonderful thing故此，系词为was*But not all informationaregood to society.主语不可数，所以动词用is。（2.）动词错误：*In American big cities, thousandsselltickets to watch football or basketball games.(buy)根据句子意思，数千人买票去看比赛。故sell改为buy。（3）非谓语动词【
5、1】动名词错误*I am looking forward toseeall of you again in the near future.(seeing)解析：to为介词，故此see改为seeing*Not onlyplayfootball makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.解析：主语应为动名词，故play football改为playing football【2】现在分词*The airkeepsthe balloon up was escaping
6、 quickly and the balloon was coming down.解析：分词做定语，故keeps改为keeping*I found a small house standing in a field with a light shonefrom the sitting room.解析：with a light shone改为with a light shining。a light和shining为主动关系。【3】不定式*I just want to thank you for helping mebecominga different person.(become)解析：hel
7、p sb do sth故改becoming为become*He did notwant sharethings with others.解析：want to share sth. want后可跟不定式做宾语。【4】过去分词*I have some recordsgivingto me as birthday gifts.解析：have sth done,some records和give是被动关系，故改为given。2连词错误：*I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen doorbut
8、turn on the light.解析：根据句意，“我看到他们中的一个人走进厨房，并且打开灯。”两个分句子之间是并列关系。故改but为and*We would return at night to hearthathed picked up from the radio in the day.解析：考查宾语从句，pick up缺宾语，故改that为what*The classes helped me understandwhatthe world works解析：根据句子意思，“这些课程有助于我了解世界是怎么运转的”故改what为how。*He was silent for a moment
9、.Sohe answered slowly: “Each of these lines stands for a trouble”解析：根据句子意思，So改为Then/And3.形容词/副词错用：*You always gave mespeciallyattention.解析：名词应该被形容词special修饰。*It isreala good chance to have met all of you here.解析：副词really修饰系词，故改real为really。*My hometown has taken on a new look.Howgreatit has changed !
10、解析：great修饰动词，故改为：greatly4.冠词错误：*This is my first visit toaAmerican family.(an)解析：American第一个音标的音素是元音，故用an.*Each player must obeycaptain, who is the leader of the team.解析：有定语修饰，the特指captain.*Suddenly, I caughtasight of my English teacher in the crowd.解析：固定搭配catch sight of.故此去掉冠词a。5.代词错误：【1】反身代词*I jus
11、t smiled tomeand thought, 解析：主语和宾语相同，故此memyself。【2】形容词性物主代词*Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and tryhisbest to make the activities lively and interesting.(his -their)解析：主语是第三人称复数，因此try ones best【3】it/that/them /us*I thoughtthatwas dull to watch a game in which players kicked a ball to ea
12、ch other.解析：that不可以做形式主语，故改为it。*It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three ofthemwere very excited.前后人称错误。故此改them为us.6.名词单复数和名词的所有格的错误*She marked strictly onstudentsperformance.(students)解析：根据句意，学生们的表演，故改为students performance*Physics is one of the most difficultsubjectfo
13、r us (subjects )解析：one of说明后面为复数形式。*We practice three times every week and oftenwatchfootball match on TV together.解析：常常看比赛，故此match改为matches.* I have nopapersto write on.解析：纸不可数，所以改为paper7.介词错误*He leftShanghaiata cold night.解析：一天的部分被修饰时，介词用on,*I am a new comerofa small town.解析：根据句子意思，来自一个小镇come from
14、 a small town.* I was caughtbythe rain last night解析：固定短语be caught in the rain遇上雨。8.语意错误*Thousandsselltickets to watch football or basketball games.解析：句子意思：数千人卖掉票去看足球或者篮球比赛。故此错误，sellbuy*Not all people like to workandeveryone like to play.解析：句子意思：并非所有的人都喜欢工作，并且所有的人喜欢玩。语意错误，应该为转折关系，andbut二多余词多词一般为：冠词/连
15、词/介词/系词be助词等。【1】连词多余：*They did not want breakfast becausethatthey were going out early in the morning.解析：连词多余，故此去掉(that)，原句是状语从句。【2】介词多余：*The crowd waitingforto greet them inEnglandwas very surprised.(for)解析：没有宾语，所以去掉for。【3】冠词多余：*Suddenly I caughtasight of my English teacher in the crowd.解析：固定短语，cat
16、ch sight of :偶然看见。【4】系词/助词多余：*My motherwasasked : “Have you taken medicine ?”解析：根据句意，是妈妈问：故为主动语态。三：缺词缺词一般为：冠词/连词/介词/系词be助词/【1】缺介词*He was looking for a glass the cupboard (in)解析：根据句意，in the cupboard做状语。【2】缺冠词*However, the popular teacher is atsametime the one who should be strict with students.(the)解
17、析：形容词same和the搭配使用,故给same前加the。【3】缺连接词*In one class, I learned it rained(why)解析：根据句子意思可知，缺连接词，句意为：“在一节课上，我知道了下雨的原因”。【4】缺系词*What your favorite sport ?(is)解析：句子中缺系词，在What加is.【专题训练与高考预测】此题要求改正所给短文中的错误对标有题号的每一行做出判断，如无错误，在刻行右边横线上画一个勾（）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正；该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行在边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。该行缺一词
18、：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。该行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词注意：原行没能错的不要改Passage 1MissChinaGuan Qi, a 21-years-old college student fromJilin1._Province, had won the Miss China 2003 beauty pageant2._in Sanya,HainanProvince, on September 21.3._Besides judged on their looks, the 32 competitors4._were
19、 tested on their write ability, English skills,5._team-work and generally knowledge. Miss Guan Qi6._impressed the judges who present with her excellent7._replies during the question or answer section. She will8._represent(代表) Chinese in the final of Miss World9._to be holding in Sanya on December 6.
20、10._Passage 2Today I showed some foreign friend around our city.1._We started off in car from the Friendship Hotel at 8:00 a. m.2._We first got toJinshanPark. We are all struck by its3._beautiful flowers on show. Then, we visited theCityMuseum.4._We saw plenty of valuable things, from that we learne
21、d a lot5._about the city. After that, they drove toJinshanTemple. That is6._a beautiful place of interest in our city, but there we enjoyed7._the wonderfully scenery of the sea. We had a delicious lunch at the 8._seafood Restaurant and we returned back at noon.All the foreign9._friends were pleased
22、with my arrangement. We did have the10_wonderful time today.Passage 3Dear Mr. Brown,I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 1_Before you came to teach us, I had notinterest in2_English.My pronunciation was terribly.I could 3_only speak a few words.But one and a half year later,4_I now think E
23、nglish fun to learn.I got a lot from your5_encouraging words.I will always remember what you6._said,“If you try to, you can be No 1 !”I hope youve7_had pleasant journey home and will come to china8_again sometimes in the future.I will write again 9_and send you the photos we take together10_passage
24、4There are advantage for students to work while 1_Studying at school.One of them was that2_they can earn money.For the most part,3_students working to earn money for their own4_use.Earning their own money allow them5 _to spend on anything as if they please.6_they wouldhave to ask their parents for7_
25、money or for permission to do things by8 _the money.Some students may also to save 9_up for our college or future use.10_passage 5Dear Mr. Brown,I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 1_Before you came to teach us, I had not interest in 2_English.My pronunciation was terribly.I could3_only s
26、peak a few words.But one and a half year later,4_I now think English fun to learn.I got a lot from your 5_encouraging words.I will always remember what you6_said,“If you try to, you can be No 1 !”I hope youve_had pleasant journey home and will come to china_again sometimes in the future.I will write
27、 again 9_and send you the photos we take together10_passage 6Dear Anish,Here are the information aboutManchesterUniversity1._It is about 200 miles far away fromLondonand it 2_has a very big schoolyard.You can live in the school 3_or near the school.They have all sorts of course.4_ _Im sure you will
28、find one you like it.I know you 5_are particular interested in human rights.So I will 6_see that there is anything on their website 7_I will send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport 8_when you arrived.You met him a few years ago, but he 9_has changed a lot since then.Both your aunt or I look 1
29、0_forward to seeing you again.passage 7Dear Ralph,Im a senior student. I have be in love with a boy1_for three years.But he is a shy boy, so I wrote him a letter firstly2._to express my feeling. And he wrote back. In his letter3_he said, “We are students. Our task is study. Let us wait4_to see until
30、 we have any chance after graduation.” So5. _after graduation I called to him, asking him about6._go out. But he said he didnt want to. He just7. _wanted to sleep and watched TV.8. _What do you think I should do? Do you think9._I should continue to love him and give up?10_SheilaPassage 8My hometown
31、is a pretty city, so people there1._are kind and polite.With coming of spring, grass and2. _trees turn green,and flowers grew in many colors.3 _In summer, the sea under the blue sky is even more4 _beautiful.After autumn arrives, the city looks as5. _an old man with leaves fallen from the trees.In wi
32、nter,6. _a lot of white birds come to my city for food.I can7. _wait more patiently above the sea for quite a long8. _time.While they find fish coming to the surface,9. _they fly down immediate and catch them without10. _delay.That is my city, and I love it so much.passage 9Dear doctor,My name is Wa
33、ng Lin. Im a middle school student.I havea problem and Im writing to ask you for some advices.1._Im just 1.57 meters high, and my weight is 71 kilos.Many2._Students often make fun me.Some boys are unfriendly to me.3._They called me “ Meat Ball”. That makes me feel unhappy.4._Im now worry about my we
34、ight. Though I am a bit too fat, I5._feel rather good. I enjoy my meals. I love eating meat very6._much. And I like sweet food, either. I often have sugar with7._tea, milk, porridge, and even hot water. In the past two months8._I have put off 5 kilos. Im worried about this problem,9._but I dont know
35、 what to lose weight quickly. Please help me,10_dear doctor!I hope to hear from you as soon as possible.With best wishes,Wang LinPassage 10Women，present and ancient，at the home and 1_abroad,wear long hair,that adds to their beautyBut few 2_people realize it affects her brainsHair grows constantly3_I
36、t takes in nourishment(营养) constantlyIf it was short 4_of nourishment,itll die and falls offBody supplies hair with 5_nourishment,it cant be stopped even in a minutesIf it takes in 6_too many,that means hair has already used too much 7_nourishment which body gives it to the headAs time passes，8_brai
37、n is relatively short of nourishmentIt leads dizziness 9_(头昏)Therefore ones brains will be weakened10_Passage 11Its easy to go downhill than to climb uphill：so its 1_easier to fall into bad habits than into good one 2_Bad habits dont come suddenlyIt come little by 3_littleSchoolboys first picks up a
38、 little in school and on 4_the streetsWhen they cannot write their homework，they 5_copy from their schoolmateIf they see bigger boys 6_smoking，they also want learn to smokeWhen they 7_get bigger，the habits become stronger or 8_stronger，so that they can not longer get rid of 9_themWhat necessary it i
39、s that we get rid of the bad 10_habits in the beginning！Passage 12Fred and I havent many in common. I sometimes1. _wonder why we were friends at all. Fred is2. _always busy make things. Everything he makes is3. _so perfect that I sometime feel envy at his skill.4. _My trouble is that Im one of those
40、 lazy people.5. _Outside my work at the office, the only thing which6. _interests me is listening to the music. I have a7. _big collection of records but all day long the 8. _only thing I can think is when Im going to9. _get home listen to a new piece.10. _passage 13Mary was an university student. S
41、he didnt havemuch1 _money and her parents were not rich, and she had an uncle2. _who had been fortunately enough to collect great wealth.3. _He always give her valuable Christmas and birthday presents.4. _When her uncles birthday came round, Mary wantedbuy him5. _something really special, but because she was rich, she did not6. _know how to get him. She went into the best shop in her7