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1、XXXX 年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语冲刺试题年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语冲刺试题( (一一) () (上上) )一、单项选择题(每题 0.5 分，共 10 分)选择以下答案中您认为正确的一个There is nothing illogical or synthetic about the humilityof great bookmen in calling attention to the limitations ofthe book. No book can 1 us to know everything that is to beknown, or feel everything th
2、at is to be felt. A book ispart of life, not a substitute 2 it. It is not a fit 3 forworship or enshrinement. It loses its charm and much of itsvalue when aepted 4. No one would have been more 5 thanAristotle if he could have known of the excessive and 6veneration that would be given to his ideas in
3、 centuries to7. When his works became the 8 words of advance knowledge,9 knowledge became neither advanced nor vital.The particular oasion for these remarks is that there are10 here and there that some of us in the book world may be11 ourselves too seriously. In the effort to increase bookreading so
4、me 12 things are being said about books. It ismade to 13 that nothing is happening now that has nothappened before, and that the only true approach tounderstanding is 14 books. We do neither service norjustice to books by 15 upon them such omnipotence andomniscience. Many of the answers we need toda
5、y are notnecessarily to be found between 16. There are elements ofnewness in the present 17 of man that will not readily be18 of by required reading or ready reference. Books are notslide rules or blueprints for 19 automatic answers. What isneeded is a mighty blend of the wisdom of the ages 20 fresh
6、,razoredged analytical thought.1、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 C A inform B promise C enableD assure2、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 B A of B for C to D with3、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 A A subject B issue C matter Dimage4、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 D A unreasonably B unprofitably Cunwillingly D uncritically5、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 A A distu
7、rbed B disguised Cintervened D interrupted6、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 C A dreadful B respectful Charmful D faithful7、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 B A go B e C pass D emerge8、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 D A big B end C late D last9、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 A A such B much C most D this10、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 B symbols B signs C marks
8、 Dtrails11、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 C A confining B demanding C takingD pushing12、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 D A extraordinary B exceptional Cexcessive D extravagant13、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 B A show B appear C prove Dindicate14、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 A A through B with C among Dfrom15、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 C A focus B conf
9、erring C imposingD installing16、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 B A pages B covers C lines Dwords17、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 D A position B situation C statusD dilemma18、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 A A disposed B discerned Cdischarged D dispersed19、（此题分值：0.5 分）【正确答案】 C A polishing B regulating Cfurnishing D forwarding20、（此题分值：
10、0.5 分）【正确答案】 B A from B with C over D for二、阅读选择题(每题 2 分，共 40 分)阅读以下短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text 1 Banking is about money; and no other familiar modityarouses such excesses of passion and dislike. Nor is thereany other about which more nonsense is talked. The type ofthing that es to mind is not what is
11、normally calledeconomics, which is inexact rather than nonsensical, andonly in the same way as all sciences are at the point wherethey try to predict peoples behaviour and itsconsequences. Indeed most social sciences and, for example,medicine could probably be described in the same way.However, it i
12、s mon to hear assertions of the kind “if youwere left alone on a desert island a few seed potatoeswould be more use to you than a million pounds” as thoughthis proved something important about money except theundeniable fact that it would not be much use to anyone ina situation where very few of us
13、are at all likely to findourselves. Money in fact is a token, or symbolic object,exchangeable on demand by its holders for goods andservices. Its use for these purposes is universal exceptwithin a small number of primitive agricultural munities.Money and the price mechanism, i.e., the changes in pri
14、cesexpressed in money terms of different goods and services,are the means by which all modern societies regulate demandand supply for these things. Especially important are therelative changes in price of different goods and servicespared with each other. To take random examples: the priceof housebu
15、ilding has over the past five years risen agood deal faster than that of domestic appliances likerefrigerators, but slower than that of motor insurance orFrench Impressionist paintings. This fact has pleximplications for students of the industry, trade unionism,town planning, insurance panies, finea
16、rt auctions, andpolitics. Unpacking these implications is what economics isabout, but their implications for bankers are quitedifferent.In general, in modern industrialised societies, prices ofservices or goods produced in a context requiring a highservicecontent (e.g. a meal in a restaurant) are li
17、kelyto rise in price more repidly than goods capable ofmassproduction on a large scale. It is also acharacteristic of highly developed economies that thenumber of workers employed in service industries tends torise and that of workers employed in manufacturing to fall.The disfort this truth causes h
18、as been an important sourceof tension in western political life for many years and islikely to remain so for many more.21、Money may be thought of as（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 A A the popular thing that stirs up fiercelove or hatred. B the unique source that generates allkinds of good or evil doings. C the sym
19、bolic objectthat signifies one s wealth and priviledge. D the majorsubject of nonsensical talks that are related to economy.22、Aording to the text, economics is（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 C A similar to other social sciences inall the rubbish about it. B different from other socialsciences in the forecast of p
20、eoples behavior. Cssimilar to all other sciences in trying to foretell manactivities. D different from most sciences in itsattempt to avoid bad consequences.23、In the writers view, the assertion that money would beuseless on a desert island（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 D A illustrates one limitation to theimport
21、ance of money. B is of importance only to peoplestayed in such places. C proves the worthlessness ofmoney in many situations. D shows nothing significantabout money on a rare oasion.24、Modern societies control supply and demand（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 B A by intervention in pricing goods andservices. B by m
22、eans of money and the price mechanism.C by keeping a watchful eye on price changes. D byfixing proper prices for specific industries.25、The writer suggests that the prices of services（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 D A rise owing to their highcontents. B grow due to their onqualitythespot production.C augment with
23、 the increase of service workers. Dadvance in proportion to economical growth. 二、阅读选择题(每题 2 分，共 40 分)阅读以下短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text 2 For three decades weve heard endlessly about thevirtues of aerobic(increasing oxygen consumption)exercise.Medical authorities have praised running and jumping as theke
24、y to good health, and millions of Americans have taken tothe treadmill(踏车)to reap the rewards. But the story ischanging. Everyone from the American Heart Association tothe surgeon generals office has recently embracedstrength training as a plement to aerobics. And as weightlifting has gone mainstrea
25、m, so has the once obscurepractice known as “Super Slow” training. Enthusiastsclaim that by pumping iron at a snails pace-making each“rep”(repeat) last 14 seconds instead of the usual seven-you can safely place extraordinary demands on your muscles,and call forth an extraordinary response. Slow lift
26、ing maynot be the only exercise you need, as some advocatesbelieve, but the benefits are often dramatic.Almost anyone can handle this routine. The onlyrequirements are plete focus and a tolerance for deepmuscular burn. Fox each exercise-leg press, bench press,shoulder press and so on-you set the mac
27、hine to provideonly moderate resistance. But as you draw out each rep,depriving yourself of impetus, the weight soon feelsunbearable. Defying the impulse to stop, you keep goinguntil you cant plete a rep. Then you sustain your vaineffort for 10 more seconds while the weight sinks graduallytoward its
28、 cradle. Intense? Unfortable? Totally. But onceyou embrace muscle failure as the goal of the workout, itcan bee almost pleasure.The goal is not to burn calories while youre exercisingbut to make your body burn them all the time. Running a fewmiles many make you sweat, but it expends only 100 calorie
29、sper mile, and it doesnt stimulate much bone or muscledevelopment. Strength training doesnt burn may calories,either. But when you push a muscle to failure, you set offa pour of physiological changes. As the muscle recoversover several days, it will thicken-and the new muscletissue will demand suste
30、nance. By the time you add threepounds of muscle, your body requires an extra 9,000calories a month just to break even. Hold your diet steadyand, very quickly, you are vaporizing body fat.One might have benefited from any strength-training program.But advocates insist the slow technique is safer and
31、 moreeffective than traditional methods.26、Many Americans have taken to treadmill for years byvirtue of（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 D A its inherent awards to their health.B its greater consumption of oxygen. C the plimentpaid by authorities. D the actual benefits from theexercise.27、Aording to the author,“Supe
32、r Slow” training（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 B A has been misunderstood for decades.B has been widely aepted recently. C has been thebasis of weight lifting. D has bee the nucleus ofaerobics.28、In practicing slow lifting, one has to（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 C A plete each rep with great demands forhis muscles. B bear th
33、e unusual reaction caused by thetraining. C suffer the bitter effect called forth bythe exercise. D exert extraordinary pressure on hislegs and shoulders.29、Slow weight lifters are required to make each rep（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 A A without using any driving force. Bwithout movement of their body. C with
34、unbearable ironweights. D with the feeling of muscle failure.30、 The phrase “to break even”(Line 7,Par.3) mostprobably means（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 D A to upset the physical energy balance.B to disturb the calmness of the body. C to gain agreater profit than a loss. D to make neither a profitnor a loss. 二、
35、阅读选择题(每题 2 分，共 40 分)阅读以下短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text 3 To avoid the various foolish opinions to whichmankind is liable, no superhuman genius is required. A fewsimple rules will keep you, not from all errors, but fromsilly errors.If the matter is one that can be settled by observation,make the observati
36、on yourself. Aristotle could have avoidedthe mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth thanmen, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keepher mouth open while he counted. He did not do so becausehe thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact youdont is a fatal mistake, to w
37、hich we are all liable.Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the testof experience. If, like most of mankind, you have strongconvictions on many such matters, there are ways in whichyou can make yourself aware of your own prejudice. If anopinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that
38、 is asign that you subconsciously are aware of having no goodreason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains thattwo and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator,you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so littleof arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your owncontrary c
39、onviction. The most savage controversies arethose about matters as to which there is no good evidenceeither way. So whenever you find yourself getting angryabout a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you willprobably find, on examination, that your belief is goingbeyond what the evidence justif
40、ies.For those who have enough psychological imagination, it isa good plan to imagine an argument with a person having adifferent opinion. This has one advantage, and only one, aspared with actual conversation with opponents; this oneadvantage is that the method is not subject to the samelimitations
41、of time and space. Mahatma Gandhi (圣雄甘地)considered it unfortunate to have railways and steamboatsand machinery; he would have liked to undo the whole of theindustrial revolution. You may never have an opportunity ofactually meeting anyone who holds this opinion, because inWestern countries most peop
42、le take the advantage of moderntechnology for granted. But if you want to make sure thatyou are right in agreeing with the prevailing opinion, youwill find it a good plan to test the arguments that our toyou by considering what Gandhi might have said inrefutation of them. I have sometimes been led a
43、ctually tochange my mind as a result of this kind of imaginarydialogue. Furthermore, I have frequently found myselfgrowing more agreeable through realizing the possiblereasonableness of a hypothetical opponent.31、 The author intends to tell us that（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 C A human beings, including those o
44、fgenius, are liable to foolish errors. B people canavoid silly mistakes unless they observe mon rules. Cit needs average intelligence for us to keep away fromsilly opinions. D foolish opinions usually our to thosewho rarely mit big mistakes.32、 The example of Aristotle is used to indicate that（此题分值：
45、2 分）【正确答案】 D A observation can prevent people frommaking any mistakes. B great men advance falsearguments oasionally. C primitive apparatuses hamperprecise observation. D realistic investigations arevital to sound judgments.33、Aording to the text, it is true that（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 B A there are many w
46、ays to rectify ourfalse beliefs in many matters. B our irritation atopposite arguments proves our inability to justifyourselves. C fierce controversies reveal theirincapacity to convince either side. D we should firmlydefend our belief when it encounters any challenge.34、 The author tries to convinc
47、e us of the fact that（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 A A an imaginary argument with opponentsmay avoid foolish errors. B Mahatma Gandhi advocatedadoption of new technology in various fields. C anopponents opinions can be verified by consideringGandhis arguments. D we have to agree with actualopponents offering rea
48、sonable opinions.35、 Most people are unlikely to be subject to silly errors（此题分值：2 分）【正确答案】 C A when they do not violate the rules ofobservation and imagination. B if they refute theiropponents opinions in a fairly reasonable way. Cunless they are convinced of their knowledge of thingswithout justif
49、ication. D until they bee reconciled withtheir opponents through imaginary dialogue. 二、阅读选择题(每题 2 分，共 40 分)阅读以下短文，理解其意后选择答案中您认为正确的一个Text4 Financial engineers dont wear white lab coats.Theydont experiment on rats or perform gas chromatography(气相层析).Their raw material-money-isnt as showy as whatbiolog
50、ists and physicists investigate. But the innovationsthey produce will contribute just as much to economicgrowth.Maybe more,in fact,because without the science of finance,all other sciences are just a bunch of neat concepts. Ideasbegin to tribute to human betterment when theyrefinanced-by venture cap