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1、Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses:1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）（时间状语从句）2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句）原因状语从句）3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(条件状语从句）条件状语从句）4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (4.Adv
2、erbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句）地点状语从句）5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句）目的状语从句）6. 6.）7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison（比较（比较）8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步让步）9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(9.Ad
3、verb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句方式状语从句 ) )1 1Adverbial Clauses of TimeAdverbial Clauses of Time时间状语从句时间状语从句1.1.时间状语从句的引导词：时间状语从句的引导词： when, while, as, before, after, since, till, when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, immediately,instantly,until, immediately,instantly, directly, as directl
4、y, as soon as, no soonerthan, soon as, no soonerthan, hardlywhen, every time, each time, hardlywhen, every time, each time, the moment,the moment,2. 时态呼应：A.while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词She listened closely while he read.She listened closely while he read.B.since引导的从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时How long has it been since
5、 you were in London?*It was three years since he worked.C. as soon as, no sooner than, hardlywhen引导的从句中谓语动词要用过去完成时Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me.Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me.4). After1)After he (had) finished his work,he left there.He (had) finished his work before he lef
6、t here.After finishing his work,he left here.Having finished his work,he left here.It will be +时间时间+ before 过多久才过多久才.It was +时间时间+before过了多久就过了多久就.了了.It wont be long +before不久之后才会不久之后才会It wasnt long before不久之后就不久之后就了了It will be five years before he returns from England.It wont be long before we meet
7、 again.5).Before:还未还未就；不到就；不到就；趁就；趁；还没来得及；还没来得及.; 才才.We had sailed four days before we saw land.We hadnt run a mile before you felt tired.Please write it down before you forget it.Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.Before they reached the station, the train had gone.6).since (from the
8、time that) 1)I have known him ever since he was a boy. 2)I have worked here since I graduated from the university.3)It is (has been)two years since he came here.8). every time,each time,the first time,by the time (1)Every time/each time I catch a cold,I have pain in my back. (2)There was an applause
9、 the moment (as soon as) she appeared on the stage.(3).The first time I saw him, I fell in love with him.(4).By the time he arrived,the train had already gone.(5).By the time he comes,we will already have left.（3).The moment/the minute /the second he reached the country, he started his search. (2).D
10、irectly the master came in, everyone was quiet. The young lady rushed into the room immediately/instantly she heard the noise. 9) .as soon as(1)As soon as she got home,she began to cook. On getting home,she began to cook.二. Adverbial Clauses of Place . Adverbial Clauses of Place ( (地点状语从句）地点状语从句） 1.
11、 Where there is water, there is living things. 2. Wherever they went, they were warmly welcomed.地点状语从句和地点状语从句和where定语从句的区别：定语从句的区别：The two rivers meet _ there is a mount.A.where B.at the placeC.the place at which D. at whichA.whereTips: Tips: 介词介词+which +which 代替只有是定语从句情况下代替只有是定语从句情况下才用，判断是否是定语从句，要看
12、从句前是否有才用，判断是否是定语从句，要看从句前是否有先行词，有先行词的是定语从句。先行词，有先行词的是定语从句。判断：定语从句或状语从句？判断：定语从句或状语从句？( ) 1.Shall we have a party where we met last Sunday?( ) 2. Have you been to the island where there are many monkeys?( ) 3. Please put all these books where they used to be.( ) 4. We will go where we are needed most.状
13、语状语定语定语状语状语状语状语三三. Adverbial Clauses ofConditions Adverbial Clauses ofConditions ( (条件状语句）条件状语句）1. If it is fine tomorrow, well go camping.2. Unless he writes me back, Ill not write him again.3. So long as we work hard, we are sure to make much progress.4.Supposing we cant get him informed in advanc
14、e, what should we do?5. Ill come provided I am well enough.6. Shylock agreed to lend Antonio the money on condition that Shylock could take a pound of his flesh from whatever part of his body1.引导条件状语从句的词：引导条件状语从句的词： if, unless, so/as long as, provided/providing, supposing/suppose, on condition that,
15、 in case2 这些词一般不能引导虚拟语气的条件从句，这些词一般不能引导虚拟语气的条件从句，只有只有if 可以引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句。可以引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句。If I were you, I would say “yes”.If you had been here earlier, you would have met the famous singer.If he studies hard now, he would be a college student soon.if, if only 引导的条件状语从句中会出现陈述语气和虚拟语气.(使用时注意上下文的限制及语气.)If
16、 alive, her mother must be at least eighty years of age.The fish would live quite a week if given water.What would Tom think of him if he failed?If anything had happened, he would have let her knowIf I were you, I would go to night school.If only he had seen me!If the photograph werent missing.If he
17、 didnt drive so fast.In case1, Ill take my raincoat in case it rains.2. Take your umbrella in case it rains.3. In case it rains, do not expect me.Clause of cause,=because it may rainClause of aim,=for fear (that) it should rainClause of condition,=if it rains=Do not expect me on condition that it ra
18、ins.3.Adverbial Clauses of Condition (条件状语从句）I.if1)If he had worked harder,he would have passed the exam.2)If you work harder,you will succeed.Work harder, and you will succeedWork harder,or you wont succeedWorking harder,you will succeed.四四. Adverbial Clauses of Reason Adverbial Clauses of Reason (
19、 (原因状语从句）原因状语从句）1. We hurried, because it was getting dark. 2. As I knew he was ill, I didnt call.3. Since his method doesnt work, lets try yours.4. The electric current must have been turned off, for the light went out. 不是状语从句，不是状语从句，陈述间接的、推测性的原因，陈述间接的、推测性的原因， 不放句首不放句首as, since与now that 意思相近意思相近for
20、: 表示前后推理关系表示前后推理关系It must have rained last night, for the ground was all wet.because: 语气最强烈，在回答语气最强烈，在回答why why 问题或在强调结构问题或在强调结构中必须用中必须用becausebecausePlease fill in the blanks with because, since, as or for: 5.The light went out, _ the electric current was turned off.6. _ everyone is here, lets begi
21、n our meeting.7. I cant go, _ I am busy.becauseSinceas断电是灯灭的直接原因。断电是灯灭的直接原因。既然既然 ，前后是推理关系。，前后是推理关系。由于我太忙。由于我太忙。五五.Adverbial Clauses of Concession Adverbial Clauses of Concession ( (让步让步）1.Though/ Although he tried hard, he was not successful.2. He did well in his examination, even if he didnt get a
22、price.3. However hard he tried, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.4. Whether he works or not, I dont think he will pass his exam.5. Whatever you may say, I still think I did the right thing.6. No matter whether you agree or not, I shall pay him the price he asks. 1. 让步状语从句一般由如下的词或词组引
23、导：让步状语从句一般由如下的词或词组引导：though, although, even though, even if, though, although, even though, even if, whatever, whenever, however(+ adj.), whatever, whenever, however(+ adj.), whetherwhetheror not,noor not,no matter whether matter whether or not. or not. 2. even if & even though 2. even if & even tho
24、ughA.EvenA.Even if we achieve great success if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be proud. in our work, we should not be proud.B. Even though he was late, he was not B. Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher. criticized by the teacher.A.A.引导把握不大或假设的事情引导把握不大或假
25、设的事情B.B.引出的是事实引出的是事实 3: 让步状语从句的其他结构：让步状语从句的其他结构：1. It doesnt matter what you say, I shall go to the dance.2. Poor as he was (=Though he was poor) , he was honest. 3. Child as he is, he knows a lot.4. Much as I admire him as a writer (Though I admire him a great deal), I do not like him as a man.5. T
26、ry as he will (Try as he may= Though he tries hard), he never seems able to do the work well.6. Though beaten (Though we were beaten ), we were not disgraced(玷污).7. Though no swimmer( Though Mary was no swimmer), Mary splashed about happily in the sea.六六.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison.Adverbial Cla
27、uses of Comparison（比较（比较） A. .asas B. .adj. + -er thanC. the morethe more1. He runs faster than _.2. He is taller than _.3. This work is not _ easy as you think.4. That question was not _ an easy one as I thought.5. The more you work, the more you earn.6. The sooner you finish your work, the sooner
28、you will go home.7. The more, the merrier.Ime/ Iso(as)suchThe room is twice as big as that one.The room is twice bigger than that one.The room is twice the size of that one.倍数倍数+the depth/height/width/weight of The well is three times the depth of that one.七七 .Adverb Clauses of Manner.Adverb Clauses
29、 of Manner ( (方式状语从句方式状语从句 ) )1. Henry did the work as it ought to be done.2. When I get the money I shall spend it as I like.3. I shall do the exercises as I have been taught.4. He ran as if / though his life depended on it.5. You look as if you had seen a ghost.7、方式状语从句：、方式状语从句：as, as if(though)Il
30、l do as I am told to.It looks as if it is going to rain.The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如： He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 The waves
31、dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒八八.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose .Adverbial Clauses of Purpose ( (目的状语从句）目的状语从句） 引导目的状语从句的引导词： So that, in order that,九九. .）引导结果状语从句的引导词： So .that, So that, Suchthat6.） sothat,suchthat1) It is so good a story that Ill never forget it. It is such a good
32、 story that Ill never forget it. it is so good a story _ I will never forget.2)such+adj.+名词 +that clause3)so +adj./adv. +that clause4)so + many/few + 复数名词 +that clause much/little+不可数名词 1. We got up early so that we could arrive at the town on time. 2. We got up so early that we arrived at the town
33、on time. 3. He worked hard, so that he made much progress.目的状语从句，从句的谓语动词有目的状语从句，从句的谓语动词有can, maycan, may 之类之类的词。的词。结果状语从句，从句中谓语动词一般是一个事实。结果状语从句，从句中谓语动词一般是一个事实。结果状语从句，从句前有一个逗号。结果状语从句，从句前有一个逗号。注意状语从句中从句的省略现象注意状语从句中从句的省略现象（1）连接词）连接词 + 过去分词过去分词Dont come in until asked to.Pressure can be increased when n
34、eeded.Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.（2）连词）连词 +现在分词现在分词Look out while crossing the street.（3）连词）连词 + 形容词形容词/其他其他常见的有常见的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any, if so等。等。7). until (till) ; not until (up to the time that)1)He will not go to bed until(till) his mother comes.3)It
35、 is not until his mother comes home that he will go to bed.I slept until midnight. Wait till I call you8). every time,each time,the first time,by the time (1)Every time/each time I catch a cold,I have pain in my back. (2)There was an applause the moment (as soon as) she appeared on the stage.(3).The
36、 first time I saw him, I fell in love with him.(4).By the time he arrived,the train had already gone.(5).By the time he comes,we will already have left.1. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _I could answer the phone. （2000全国）全国）Aas BsinceCuntil Dbefore2. John may phone
37、 tonight. I dont want to go out _ he phones. （2000北京春季）北京春季）A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that 3. The WTO cannot live up to its name _it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. （2000全国）全国）Aas long as BwhileCif Deven though4. The men will have to wait all da
38、y_ the doctor works faster. （01北京春季）北京春季）Aif Bunless Cwhether DthatDCCB5. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? （01北京春季）北京春季） Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her.Awhile Bthe moment Csuddenly Donce6. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the pa
39、rty. （02全国）全国）whichwhenso thatas if 7. Dont be afraid of asking for help it is needed. （03全国卷）全国卷）Aunless BsinceCalthoughDwhen8. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. （03北京）北京） A. until B. whenC. beforeD. asBCDC9. _ I know the money is safe. I shall not worry about i
40、t. （03北京）北京）A. Even though B.Unless C. As long as D.While10. Our neighbour has _ ours. （03北京北京 A. as a big house asB. as big a house asC. the same big house as D. a house the same big as11. When will you come to see me, Dad? I will go to see you when you the training course. （03北京春季）北京春季）Awill have
41、finishedBwill finishCare finishingDfinishCBD12. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade. （03北京春季）北京春季）AafterBunless CuntilDwhen13. You can eat food free in my restaurant you like. （04重庆）重庆）A. wheneverB. w
42、hereverC. whateverD. however14. I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江苏）江苏） A. While B. Since C. Before D. UnlessCAA15. _ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. （04浙江）浙江）(A) A. While B. Since C. As D. If16. Scientists
43、 say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. （04福建）福建）(C)Asince BafterCbefore Dwhen17. You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do. （04湖北）湖北） Ahowever Bno matter CAlthough Dwhatever ACA18. We were told that we should follow the ma
44、in road we reached the central railway station . （04辽宁）辽宁） Awhenever Buntil Cwhile Dwherever 19. Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. 04上海）上海） A. becauseB. through C. unless D. if 20. Roses need special care _ they can
45、live through winter. （04全国全国I） A becauseB so thatC even ifD as21. _ you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre. （04全国全国II） A Though B WhetherC UntilD UnlessBABD22. Several weeks had gone by_ I realized the painting was missing. （04全国全国IV） A as B beforeC sinceD when23. The house
46、could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （04全国全国IV） A has doneB is doing C doesD had done24. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. （04北京春季）北京春季）A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if BCB25. _, I have to put it away and focus my attention o
47、n study this week. （04上海春季）上海春季） A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing26. A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. A. which B. where C. there D. wha
48、t27. Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. (05北京卷北京卷) A. as soon as B. as a resultC. in caseD. so that 28. It was some time _ we realized the truth. （05山东卷）山东卷）A. whenB. untilC. sinceD. beforeCBDD29. The American Civil War lasted four years _ the North won in the end
49、. (05广东卷广东卷) A. after B. before C. when D. then 30. Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait. (05广东卷广东卷) A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order that 31. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷）湖南卷） A.
50、until B. even if C. unless D. as though 32. I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （05全国卷全国卷3）Ain caseBso thatCin orderDas if BCBA33. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. （05上海卷）上海卷）A. where B. when C. thatD. until 34. The o