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1、Adverbial Clauses1.While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( )2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( )3. Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ）4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )时间时间地点地点原因原因目的目的5. So clever was he a student that
2、he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( ) 6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( ) 7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( ) 8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( ) 9.He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep. ( ) 结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式比较比较一个一个_
3、在复合句中用作状语时在复合句中用作状语时,在语法上叫在语法上叫状语从句。从句由状语从句。从句由_ 、_或或_引导。引导。状语从句可分为：状语从句可分为：1) _ 2) _ 3) _ 4) _ 5) _ 6) _ 7) _ 8) _ 9) _等等句子句子时间时间地点地点 原因原因目的目的结果结果条件条件 方式方式比较比较 让步让步名词词组名词词组从属连词从属连词副词副词一一. 时间状语从句的引导词时间状语从句的引导词1. when, while , as, before, after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as ，2. ev
4、ery time, next/last/each time, the first time, the moment, the minute, the instant4. hardlywhen, no soonerthan, scarcelywhen3. immediately, instantly, directlywhen, while, as1._ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in.2._ they came home, I was cooking dinner.3. I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone
5、 knocked at the door.4. _ we were watching TV, he was studying.5. He is fat _ his brother is thin.6. _ she sang, tears ran down her face.While/ As/ WhenWhenwhenWhilewhileAs连接词连接词when、while、as的用法小结的用法小结1、when 的用法：的用法：（1）when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同
6、时发生的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：或从句动作先于主句动作。如： When the film ended, the people went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.（2）可用作并列连词，其意义为）可用作并列连词，其意义为“那那时，这时时，这时”，相当于，相当于and at this/that time。常用于句式：。常用于句式：Somebody was doing something when Sb. was about to do sth. when
7、(刚要刚要这时突然这时突然)2、连接词、连接词while的用法的用法 （1） while意思是意思是“当当的时候的时候”或或“在某一段时间内在某一段时间内”，引导的从句动作必，引导的从句动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。相对比。 People dont talk so loudly while others are working.（2）从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动）从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时词时, 只能用只能用while; while还可作并列连还可作并列连词词,表示表示”而而”. I was reading while he
8、 was watching TV.3as 的用法：的用法：(1) as 着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生，如：乎同时发生，如： The students rose as the teacher entered the classroom. (2)as还可以表示还可以表示“随着随着”，如：，如： As time goes by, it is getting colder and colder.(3) As 还能表示还能表示“一边一边一边一边”，如：，如： He looked behind from time to time as he went.4如果主
9、句表示的是短暂动作，而从如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while与与as 可互换使用。如：可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.Before的用法的用法It will be half a year before I come back.It wont be half a year before we meet again.We
10、sailed four days and nights before we saw the land.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 肯定句肯定句 “ 才才” 否定句否定句 “就就”it will be +一段时间一段时间 before.多久之后才多久之后才.it wont be +一段时间一段时间 before.不久就不久就.一一就就ill. 1._ he saw the monster, he turned pale.2、 The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to anot
11、her country.3、We had _returned home when it rained.4、_ had we begun when we told to stop.The moment/ minute/ Immediately/no soonerhardly/scarcelyHardly/ ScarcelyAs soon as5) no soonerthan hardly/scarcelywhen 刚刚就就A. 时态：主句用时态：主句用过去完成时过去完成时（had + p.p.） 从句用从句用一般过去时一般过去时B. 倒装：倒装： no sooner/hardly/scarcel
12、y放句首，放句首，主句主句要到装要到装She had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move.No sooner had she arrived at the station than .He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow.Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow 考点考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句名词短语引导时间状语从句 1. When every time I was
13、 in trouble, he would come to help me. 2. At next time you come, do remember bring your son here. 3. For the first time I met the girl. I felt in love with her. 4. You are welcome to come back at any time you want to. 5. At the last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. every time,each time,next
14、time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。二二. 地点状语从句地点状语从句:where, wherever You would let your children play where you can see them.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.where指指“在某个地方在某个地方”，wherever指指“无论哪里，在任何一个地无论哪里，在任何一个地方方”在使用时：在使用时：一、要注意两者的含义区别。一、要注意两者的含义区别。二、
15、要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。二、要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三、要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词三、要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词+which引导。出题者既考状语从句又引导。出题者既考状语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这一干扰项。入名词性从句这一干扰项。1.If you are traveling_the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do. A.in which B.what C.when D.where2.In peace，too，the
16、 Red Cross is expected to send help_there is human suffering.A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever 3.-Mom，what did your doctor say？ -He advised me to live_the air is fresher. A.in where B.in which C.the place where D.where D D D三、三、 原因状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词有：原因状语从句的引导词有：because, as, sincenow that（
17、既然）（既然）, considering that（考虑到）（考虑到）, seeing that（由于）（由于）用用because, as, since 与与for填空填空:1.-Why are you crying, meg? - _ Ive broken your necklace, mom.2. I went to bed early _ I was tired.3. I was not kind to him_ he was rude.4. _ I had a cold, I was absent from school.5. My mother was ill and I sent
18、for Tom, _ he was a doctor.6. _ we are all here, lets begin our class.BecausebecausebecauseAsforSinceConclusion:1.because直接原因直接原因，非推断语气最，非推断语气最强回答强回答why2.since表示表示“既然既然”，语气较弱；强调对方，语气较弱；强调对方已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只可以已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只可以放在句首。放在句首。3.As“由于由于”，语气最弱，表示往往是十分，语气最弱，表示往往是十分明显的原因，常放在句首，比较口语化。明显的原因，常放在句首
19、，比较口语化。4.For 放句中，放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充对前面一句话的内容的补充说明说明 。 四四. 条件状语从句条件状语从句:引导条件状语从句的连接词有引导条件状语从句的连接词有:if, unless, as/ so long as（只要）（只要）, so far as(据我所知据我所知), in case,on condition that(条件条件.), provided (that) (假设），等假设），等 1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to
20、one fifth of mankind. Aas long as Bwhile Cif Deven though2、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A. unless B. as long as C. although D. if Conclusion:1.条件状语从句中条件状语从句中,如果主从句都表将来动作，如果主从句都表将来动作，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态. If you dont hurry up, you will mi
21、ss the plane.2、unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight.= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.as/so long as, as far as, in case1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. 2、I always take s
22、omething to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. 3、Ill go _ you go.As far asin case as long as 与与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从都可引导条件状语从句，句，as long as 表示表示“只要只要”，as far as 表表示示“就就而论（而言）而论（而言）”。in case 表示表示“以以防防”。as/so long as1、You can have my bicycle for a fewdays _ you return it by Sunday.2、 _ any
23、thing importanthappens, please call me up.3、 _ you had one million dollars, what would you do? on condition thatIn caseSuppose/Supposing on condition that：条件是：条件是 in case :万一万一 supposesupposing (that): 假设，如果假设，如果五、让步状语从句五、让步状语从句1.He went out, _ it was raining.2._ they are poor, they buy a great many
24、 books.3.Child _ he is, he has learnt advanced mathematics.though/althoughAlthoughasthough, although, even if/ though, while, no matter, whatever, however, whetheror, as_he is a child, he has learnt advanced mathematics.No matter _ happens, dont be discouraged.No matter _ hard he tried, he couldnt o
25、pen the door.No matter _ you go, you must write to your parents.No matter _ you marry in the future, he must be an honest man.howwherewhowhatEven ifthough/ although1、一般可互换：、一般可互换：主句前可用主句前可用yet, still, 常省略常省略 但不能与但不能与but连用。连用。 Though/ although it sounds strange, （yet） it is true.2、倒装句、倒装句和和独立副词放句末独立副
26、词放句末只能用只能用though. Strange_ it may seem, heremained single all his life. It was hard work, I enjoyed it, _.thoughthoughas引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句,表示表示“尽管、虽然尽管、虽然”。但从句要倒装。句型为：但从句要倒装。句型为： adj./adv./单数单数n.(不加冠词不加冠词)/v+as+主语主语+谓语谓语 1、Child as she is, she can help her mother. 2、 Fast as he runs, he is the last on
27、e. 3、Try as you may, you might fail as well. 4、Late as it was, they kept on working.六、目的状语从句六、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的引导词有：引导目的状语从句的引导词有：so that, in order that (为了）为了）for fear that, in case （以免，（以免， 以防）以防）1.He got up early _ he could catch the bus.2._ he could catch the bus, he got up early.3.I stayed at hom
28、e all day _ you called.in order that/ so thatIn order thatso that, in order that ,for fear that, in casein case/for fear thatConclusion:1、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can, could, may, might, should等连用。如：等连用。如： Take this medicine so that you can recover soon.2、in order that 常用于正式文体，可放于句首，常用于正
29、式文体，可放于句首，也可放于句中；而也可放于句中；而so that往往只放于句中。往往只放于句中。3、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如：、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如： Well sit in front of the hall so that/in order that we can hear better.= Well sit in front of the hall _ _ hear better.so as to/in order to七、结果状语从句七、结果状语从句结果状语从句的引导词有：结果状语从句的引导词有：so that, sothat, suchthat1、I w
30、as caught in a shower, _ all my clothes got wet.2、Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen.3、There are _ many books there _ I dont know which one to borrow.4、Its _ good a book _ Ive read it again and again.5、It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody on the street.6、_ cold weather remained for three days _ I ha
31、d to stay at home all day long.sothatsothatsuchthatSuchthatso thatsothatso that, sothat, such that1、so that引导结果状语从句时，从句中不引导结果状语从句时，从句中不带情态动词，带情态动词，that有时可省略。如：有时可省略。如： He didnt plan his time well so (that) he didnt finish his work in time.2、当当so/such置于句首时，置于句首时，so/such引导的引导的句子要半倒装。如：句子要半倒装。如： Such a
32、 nice man is Mike that we all like him. So excited was he that he could not fall asleep.Conclusion:3、sothat和和suchthat常用的搭配有：常用的搭配有：so +adj./adv.+ that 从句从句so +adj.+ a/an +可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式+that so +many/much/few/little +n. +that such + a/an +adj. +可数名词单数可数名词单数+thatsuch +adj. +可数名词复数可数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词+
33、that Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers liked her very much.=Jenny is _ that all the teachers liked her very much.He had _ few friends _ he often feels lonely.so clever a girlsothat八、比较状语从句八、比较状语从句:1.His brother is _ handsome _ he (is).2.The movie was not _ good _ I had expected.3.You
34、r bag is twice as expensive as _ .4.The driver drives faster _ he used to (drive).5._ knowledge we learn, _ (happy) we will be.asasso/asasminethanThe morethe happieras, than, asas, not so/asas, the+比比较级较级 the+比较级比较级九、方式状语从句九、方式状语从句:1.He stood up _ (he wanted ) to leave.2.She always talks to me as if
35、 she _ (be) my sister.3.He walked slowly as if he _ (hurt) his leg.4.You should do _I do.as if werehad hurtas（像，如（像，如), as if/ though(仿佛、似乎仿佛、似乎), just as（就像）（就像）, asI 状语从句的时态问题状语从句的时态问题1、The house could fall down soon if no one _ some quick repair work. A. has done B. is doing C. does D. had done 2
36、、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when 在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在 since 引导的引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。用现在完成时。C CB BII、状语从句的倒装问题、状语从句的倒装问题1、So difficult _ it to
37、live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the v
38、illagers realize 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定否定词开头；词开头； sosuch. 开头；开头； as / though引引导的让步状语从句。导的让步状语从句。D DA A状语从句的省略：状语从句的省略：在在条件，时间，让步，方式条件，时间，让步，方式状语从句中，如果从句状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致或者从句的主语是的主语和主句的主语一致或者从句的主语是it,而且而且谓语包含有谓语包含有be动词，那么可以省略动词，那么可以省略主语主语或或it, 跟跟be 动词。动词。1、While (I was) in Beijing , I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.2、Come tomorrow, if (it is ) possible.3、If so ,you must go back and get it.4、She stood at the gate as if (she was ) waiting for someone.5、Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt.