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1、“直接引语”与“引述动词” He said,“Its time for lunch.” “ I like apples,”Tom said. Jack said,“Mike can swim.”我们把引号中的句子叫做直接引语，引号外的动词叫引述动词.如何把直接引语变为间接引语呢？如上面的句子可以变为：He said( that) it was time for lunch. Tom said he liked apples. Jack said Mike could swim.直接引语变为间接引语有下列一些注意事项：、时态的变化。2、人称的变化。谓语动词的变化。引导词的运用。、其他变化。l 直
2、接引语是陈述句时的变化l “I dont like action films,” Lingling said.l Lingling said that she didnt like action films.l He said “Im here.” He said that he was there.l Jake said,“There is a good film on tonight.”l Jake said that there was a good film on that night.l 总结：当直接引语是一般陈述句时，变为间l 接引语时，用that引导，语序不变。直接引语是祈使句的
3、变化He said to the children,“Be quiet,”He told the children to be quiet.He said to Betty“ Stop.”He asked Betty to stop.She said to Tony,“Dont go close to the bears.” She told Tony not to go close to the bears.We said to them,“Dont make any noise,please”We asked them not to make any noise.总结：当直接引语是祈使句时
4、，变为间接引语时，一般转换为 tell sb to do sth或.ask sb to do sth.She said, “Are you interested in chemistry?”She asked if whether I was interested in chemistry.Jack said,“Did you know Mike?”Jack asked (me)if I knew Mike。总结：当直接引语是一般疑问句时，变为间接引语要用连词if或whether来引导，从句用陈述句语序主句中的谓语动词是said时，要变为asked，没有间接宾语时，可以加一个间接宾语如：me,
5、him, us.v直接引语是特殊疑问句的变化vHe asked me,“What are these?”vHe asked me what those were.vBetty asked me “Where are you from?”vBetty asked me where I was from.v总结：当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，变为间接引语时，要用原来的疑问词引导，从句用陈述句语序注意事项v如果直接引语中的主语为第一人称、人称随主语做适当变化v，变为间接引语时，人称要随句子的人称而变化。v、谓语动词时态的变化v如果引述动词为一般过去时，间接引语中动词的时态一般推移到过去时间，如：一般现在
6、时一般过去时。现在进行时过去进行时。一般将来时过去将来时。现在完成时态过去完成时态，v当直接引语表示客观真理时，原来的时态不变。例如：vThe teacher said,“The sun rises in the east,”vThe teacher said that the sun rises in the east.v、其他变化：this that these those now thentoday that day tonight that night herethere yesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next day come.go.练习题1.
7、He said, “please come here again tomorrow.”He asked me2.He said,“Dont do that again.”He told me3.He asked,“Where are you to get off,John?”He asked John4.He asked,“How do you come to school.”He asked me5.He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”He asked me 6.She asked, “Do you see a monkey?”She asked me to go there again the next day.not to do that again.Where he was to get off.How I went to schoolWhether I was a teacher or a student.If/whether I saw a monkey.