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1、2022考研英语考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Fill in each bland with one suitable word from the four choicesDigital photography is still new enough that most of us have yet to form an opinion about it,_1_ develop a point of view. But this hasnt stopped m
2、any film and computer fans from agreeing_2_ the early conventional wisdom about digital cameras-theyre neat_3_for your PC, but theyre not suitable for everyday picture taking.The fans are wrong. More than anything else, digital cameras are radically_4_what photography means and what it can be. The v
3、enerable medium of photography_5_ we know is beginning to seem out of _6_with the way we live. In our computer and camcorder_ 7_,saving pictures as digital_8_ and watching them on TV is no less practical-and in many ways more_9_ than fumbling with rolls of film that must be sent off to be_10_ .Paper
4、 is also terribly_11_ Pictures that are incorrectly framed, 12 , or lighted are nonetheless committed to film and ultimately processed into prints.The dA：rather thanB：more thanC：much lessD：so as to2.Jean Wangers most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that i
5、t_ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference。A：is to be analyzedB：has been analyzedC：be analyzedD：should have been analyzed3.Looking back at all_ had happened, he couldnt help crying。A：whichB：thatC：whatD：this4.The clerk in the patent office said to his boss“Look，I am not drunk. Im as_ a
6、s a judge。”A：soberB：somberC：steadyD：clear5.The motion picture is only a series of still photographs which are_ and viewed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement and continuity。A：splitB：spiltC：spunD：spliced6.There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read re
7、cently_ what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic。A：givingB：gaveC：to giveD：given7.As a politician, she has to have the_ of inspiring confidence in her listeners。A：flukeB：knackC：frenzyD：venison8.Vanity is his Achilles_ 。A：heelB：ankleC：armD：leg9.Bad office planning will_ both the e
8、mployee and the employer and affect the performance of their duties。A：increaseB：extendC：augmentD：stretch10.A tree squirrel characteristically has long, plume-like tail that helps slow_whenever it falls from high places 。A：it descendsB：its descentC：to descendD：it is descending11.Peter was_ the footba
9、ll with him but he had forgotten。A：to have broughtB：to bringC：to have been broughtD：to be bringing12.Cynic believe that people who_ compliments do so in order to be praised twice。A：bask inB：give outC：gloat overD：shrug off13.The individual TV viewer invariably sense that he or she is_ an anonymous, s
10、tatistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience。A：everything exceptB：anything butC：no less thanD：nothing more than14._when she started complaining。A：Not until he arrivedB：No sooner had he arrivedC：Hardly had he arrivedD：Scarcely did he arrived15.Someone must have_ about among my paper
11、s, for my drawer is in a mess。A：rampagedB：rehearsedC：rummagedD：researched16.People should not take good constitution for granted, for human genetic code is_ the development of_A：liable to. anomaliesB：predestined for. discomfortC：predisposed to. diseaseD：indicative of. wholesomeness17.Nobody came to
12、see me while I was out,_ ?A：did theyB：didnt theyC：did sheD：did me18.Aged just four, Josephine Hawkins is already at ease with her computer and the Internet,_ clicking her mouse on Disney sites to download images of her favorite characters。A：confidentiallyB：confidentlyC：appreciativelyD：conscientiousl
13、y19.The policy_ made, the next problem was how to carry it out。A：having beenB：beingC：had beenD：was20.Susan is a devoted daughter, always very_ to the needs of her old parents。A：attentiveB：observantC：recurrentD：earnest21.Overall, it is going to become much easier for people to communicate_the Net。A：b
14、yB：inC：overD：onto22.The hidden room is_only through a secret back entrance。A：obtainableB：achievableC：attainableD：accessible23.He was so_by his work that he did not notice that other employees had already left。A：prevailedB：predominatedC：prescribedD：preoccupied24.Please_ yourself from smoking and spit
15、ting in public places, since the law forbids them。A：restrainB：hinderC：restrictD：prohibit25.When the crowd saw the prize-fighter stretched out on the canvas, shouts and cheers_ from it。A：broke upB：broke forthC：broke throughD：broke upon26.When a friend hurts you, your instinct is to protect yourself b
16、ut that makes it harder to_ up problems。A：tackleB：patchC：handleD：dispose27.It is bad manners to_ other people behind their backs。A：do upB：do byC：do away withD：do down28.That_ the case, we have to make some changes in our plan。A：isB：wasC：beingD：has been29.Einstein, who worked out his theory of relati
17、vity, lived to a_ old age。A：ripeB：matureC：perfectD：mellow30.Text 3The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual de
18、velopment of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that is it, because building new educational systems there and putting enough p
19、eople through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of l
20、iving。A：Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its prebubble peak, the U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, an
21、d remains, the global leader in automotiveassembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterpartsa result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job。B：More recently,
22、while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite thecomplexity of the building industrys work。C：What is the real relationship between education
23、 and economic development? We have begun to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of e31.It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new educational systemA：Achallenges economists and politicians.B：Btakes efforts of generations。C：Cdemands priority from the governmen
24、t.D：Drequires sufficient labor force。32.A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is thatA：Athe Japanese workforce is better disciplined.B：Bthe Japanese workforce is more productive。C：Cthe U.S workforce has a better education.D：Dthe U.S workforce is more organized。33.The author quot
25、es the example of our ancestors to show that education emergedA：Awhen people had enough time.B：Bprior to better ways of finding food。C：Cwhen people on longer went hungry.D：Das a result of pressure on government。34.According to the last paragraph , development of educationA：Aresults directly from com
26、petitive environments.B：Bdoes not depend on economic performance。C：Cfollows improved productivity.D：Dcannot afford political changes。35.It is suggested in Paragraph 2 that New EnglandersA：Aexperienced a comparatively peaceful early history。B：Bbrought with them the culture of the Old World。C：Cpaid li
27、ttle attention to southern intellectual life。D：Dwere obsessed with religious innovations。36.The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts BayA：Awere famous in the New World for their writings。B：Bgained increasing importance in religious affairs。C：Cabandoned high positions before coming
28、to the New World。D：Dcreated a new intellectual atmosphere in New England。37.The story of John Dane shows that less well educated New Englanders were oftenA：Ainfluenced by superstitions.B：Btroubled with religious beliefs。C：Cpuzzled by church sermons.D：Dfrustrated with family earnings。38.The text sugg
29、ests that early settlers in New EnglandA：Awere mostly engaged in political activities.B：Bwere motivated by an illusory prospect。C：Ccame from different intellectual backgrounds.D：Dleft few formal records for later reference。39.Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by cho
30、osing A, B, C or Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.A：Text 1B：Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19
31、th century. In the everchanging 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative implication。C：So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel sy
32、naptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks。D：Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we trythe mo
33、re we step outside our comfort zonethe more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives。E：But dont bother trying40.Brain researchers have discovered that the formation of new habits can beA：Apredicted.B：B regulated.C：C traced.D：D guided。41.The word “ruts”(line 1, p
34、aragraph 4) is closest in meaning toA：Atracks.B：Bseries.C：Ccharacteristics.D：D connections.42.Dawna Markova would most probably agree thatA：Aideas are born of a relaxing mind.B：Binnovativeness could be taught.C：Cdecisiveness derives from fantastic ideas.D：Dcuriosity activates creative minds.43.Ryans
35、 comments suggest that the practice of standard testingA：Aprevents new habits from being formed。B：Bno longer emphasizes commonness。C：Cmaintains the inherent American thinking mode。D：Dcomplies with the American belief system。44.Text 2It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can b
36、oost his paternal (fatherly) wisdomor at least confirm that hes the kids dad. All he needs to do is shell out $30 for a paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstoreand another $120 to get the results。A：More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first became available without pr
37、escriptions last years, according to Doug Fogg, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the overthecounter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.B：Among the most popular : paternity and kin
38、ship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption. DNA testing is also the latest rage among passionate genealogistsand supports businesses that offer to search for a familys geographic roots。C：Most tests requ
39、ire collecting cells by swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA。D：But some observers are skeptical, “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” s
40、ays Trey45.PTK is used toA：Alocate ones birth place.B：Bpromote genetic research。C：Cidentify parentchild kinship.D：Dchoose children for adoption。46.Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails toA：Atrace distant ancestors.B：Brebuild reliable bloodlines。C：Cfully use genetic information.D：Da
41、chieve the claimed accuracy。47.In the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces isA：Adisorganized data collection.B：Boverlapping database building。C：Cexcessive sample comparison.D：Dlack of patent evaluation。48.An appropriate title for the text is most likely to beA：A Fors and Agains
42、ts of DNA TestingB：BDNA Testing and Its ProblemsC：CDNA Testing Outside the LabD：DLies behind DNA Testing49.Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)A：Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how sm
43、art humans are 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmers piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) 4 in not being too terrifically bright。
44、B：Intelligence, it 5 , is a highpriced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learninga (an) 7 processinstead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to 8 。C：Is there
45、an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? Thats the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance10at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11of our own intelligence might be. This is12the mind of every animal weve ever met。D：
46、Research on animal in50.Text 3Well, for a fortnight it was a splendid party. Now for the Olympic billsand that hangover will last for years. The Greek Olympic committee reckons it can break even: half of its $2.3 billion budget for running the games will come, via the International Olympic Committee
47、, from broadcasters, most of the rest from commercial sponsors, ticket sales and merchandising. But what about the taxpayer? Overall, Greek and (modestly) other European Union taxpayers have spent $300m helping to run the games, nearly $1.5 billion keeping them secure, and some $7 billion preparing facilities for them. In all, that means near 5% of 2003 Greek