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1、English writing 写作专题写作专题 图表式作文图表式作文题型分析题型分析 图表式作文在试题中以图表式作文在试题中以表格表格,曲线图曲线图,柱状图柱状图,饼状图饼状图,扇形图等扇形图等形式来呈现写作的内容形式来呈现写作的内容,并配以简要的文字并配以简要的文字说明说明,旨在旨在考察学生将相关的图表信息转化成具体的考察学生将相关的图表信息转化成具体的文字的能力文字的能力.它直观展示各种相关的数据它直观展示各种相关的数据,资料资料,因此因此,只有只有看懂图表信息看懂图表信息,才能才能注意到图表所反映出的共性注意到图表所反映出的共性或个性差异或个性差异,变化规律变化规律等等,如扇形图中的表
2、示总量和个如扇形图中的表示总量和个分量之间所占的百分比关系分量之间所占的百分比关系,曲线图中的突升和突降曲线图中的突升和突降点等点等,并由此并由此发现的问题发现的问题,得出适当的结论得出适当的结论,然后然后解释变解释变化原因化原因.除此之外除此之外,很多作文还要求考生就很多作文还要求考生就图表反映的图表反映的内容或现象发表自己的看法或感想内容或现象发表自己的看法或感想.写作策略写作策略1,图表作文的体裁和格式特点图表作文的体裁和格式特点由图表作文的内容和要求来由图表作文的内容和要求来看看,它主要用来说明现实生活中它主要用来说明现实生活中某一现象或介绍某一现象或介绍,说明某一方面说明某一方面的情
3、况的情况,因此该类写作一般要求因此该类写作一般要求为为说明文说明文或或议论文议论文范畴范畴,文章句文章句子子时态以一般现在时为主时态以一般现在时为主.2,2,图表作文的篇章结构特点图表作文的篇章结构特点第一部分第一部分:（ ）开门见山）开门见山,简要概括图表信息所简要概括图表信息所反映的规律反映的规律;是增还是减是增还是减;是一者变化还是多者变化是一者变化还是多者变化;变化变化的幅度是大还是小等的幅度是大还是小等.在阐述变化规律时在阐述变化规律时,要适当引用数据要适当引用数据来说明和佐证图表所反映的问题和得出结论来说明和佐证图表所反映的问题和得出结论.如如according to the fi
4、gure,45% of the rural people.第二部分第二部分：（：（ ）分析或解释所反映的问题产生）分析或解释所反映的问题产生的原因为了使叙述具有条理性可用的原因为了使叙述具有条理性可用first ,second, 或或firstly,secondly等来列举理由，同时为了使理由充分，等来列举理由，同时为了使理由充分，还可用还可用if ,once,unless,though,even though等引导等引导的各种状语从句或的各种状语从句或while,on the contrary 等表示正反等表示正反对比的短语对比的短语第三部分第三部分：（ ）最后总结归纳或发表评论或感最后总结
5、归纳或发表评论或感想，通常廖廖几句即可，切忌过长想，通常廖廖几句即可，切忌过长the subjectthe meaning of the numbersAn exampleAn examplechange图表作文常用的短语和句型图表作文常用的短语和句型，引入话题，引入话题(1)chart / diagram, table, figure, data (2) As is illustrated/ described in the chart/figure正如图表所述描写的那样正如图表所述描写的那样It can be seen from the graph/table that从图从图表中可看出表
6、中可看出According to the data of the table按照图表按照图表From the chart we can see that从表中我们可从表中我们可知知In terms of 从角度来说从角度来说For example/ for instance 列如列如It is obvious that/obviously.显而易见显而易见An exampleDecrease increasenvary / range between 数字数字A and 数字数字Bnvary / range from 数字数字A to 数字数字BnIn 时间，时间，A enjoys/suffe
7、rs the same 趋势趋势 as nA and B are similar in thatqThe numbers of students learning Chinese in Japan and in France were similar in that they both decreased before June 1995.nA similar pattern is also recorded / discovered forqA similar pattern is also recorded in Japan for the first half of 1995.nTher
8、e is a significant difference betweennIn contrast, almost the opposite occurred withn先描述先描述A, which is the opposite toMany reasons may account for the new trend. Firstly,.secondly,.Thirdly2,描述变化的原因描述变化的原因表示顺序表示顺序：first, second , finally表示递进表示递进：whats more, besides, whats more, in addition to , furth
9、ermore, to make things/ it worse, whats worse表示增减表示增减：rise, increase, decrease, reduce by/to, increase by/to表示解释表示解释：account for表示对比表示对比：compared with, contrary to, on the contrary, in contrast with, while 3.总结或评论总结或评论Generally speaking, in a word, in conclusion, in short,It can be concluded that. n
10、_, _ _ claim that TV and films have the greatest influence on the music they listen to and _, _ ranking second, _ 30 per cent. Following _, it was radio, which influence 20 percent of the students on the option of music while _ _ that it is their parents who influence them most on their choice of mu
11、sic. n_, Im pretty amazed at _. For me, I am forever willing to hear my moms opinion on the kind of music I listen to, for I believe, _ _. nId like to voice my own concern over the survey. The 10% figure shows that teens today dont appear to go into the music their parents recommend, which indicates the existence of the generation gap. I hope we can step out of the pond of refusing a so-called old culture and we will surely learn to appreciate what is good and lasting Thank you