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1、一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。1_n 香烟；纸烟香烟；纸烟2._adj. 性的；性别的性的；性别的3._ n. 压力；重音压力；重音 vt. 加压力于加压力于4._ n.青少年青少年adj.青春期的青春期的5._adj. 成习惯而离不开的成习惯而离不开的6._adj. 通常的通常的7._adj.无意识的无意识的,自动的自动的8._adj. 精神的；智力的精神的；智力的9._vi. 办事办事,设法对付设法对付 vt. 管理管理 10._adj怀孕的怀孕的 cigarettesexualstressadolescentaddicted
2、accustomedautomaticmentalmanagepregnant11._n. 药剂师；化学家药剂师；化学家12._ adj. 感到羞耻的感到羞耻的13._ adv. 最后；终于最后；终于14._n. 生产；产量生产；产量15._ adj. 不合法的；违法的不合法的；违法的16._n. 针头；缝衣针针头；缝衣针17._ adj. 女性的；雌性的女性的；雌性的18._adj. 完全的；完美的完全的；完美的19._ n. 理解理解20_n. 意见；判决意见；判决chemistashamedeventuallyproduction illegal needle female perfec
3、tcomprehensionjudgement二、单词运用二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. Smokers are likely to become _ to nicotine. 2. I cant bear the _ and strains(紧张紧张) of modern life. 3. This washing-machine is fully _. 4. His problem is _, not physical.5. She w
4、as _ of having failed in the examination. ashamed addictedstressesautomaticmental6. We waited three days for the letter and _ it came.7. Its _ to read peoples private letters without permission. 8. The male and _ genders are equal. 9. He was accustomed to _ (sleep) for an hour after lunch. 10. It is
5、 no use _ (cry) over the spilt milk. eventually illegalfemalecrying sleeping三、词语派生三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. He showed good _ in deciding not to invest in the project. (judge)2. The disease is passed on by _contact. (sex)3. Woman is physically but not _ weaker than man. (mental)4. Anyon
6、e who has sex with a person _ with AIDS risks getting the virus. (infect)5. She finds her new teaching job very _. (stress)judgement sexual mentally infected stressful 6. A _ is going to be invited to give us a talk about his _ experiments. (chemistry)7. Dont approach drugs, for heroin is highly _.(
7、addict)8. Its apparent that the diners were _ satisfied with the meal. (perfect)9.The factory tried to increase _ by using better methods and tools. (produce)10. A _ has to learn some economics if he wants to improve his _.(manage) chemist chemical addictive perfectly production manager management 四
8、、词组互译四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1. _ 1. _ 对对有瘾，入迷有瘾，入迷2. _ 2. _ 由于；归功于由于；归功于3. _ 3. _ 的原因的原因4. _ 4. _ 习惯于习惯于5. _ 5. _ 对对造成伤害造成伤害6. _ 6. _ 对对作出决定作出决定7. _ 7. _ 对对感到羞愧感到羞愧8. _ 8. _ 不顾；不管不顾；不管 be/become addicted to due tothe reason forbe/become accustomed todo damage todecide onbe ashamed of
9、in spite of9. _ 冒险冒险10. _ 陷入；染上陷入；染上11. _ 代表代表12. go on a diet _ 13. remind of _ 14. reach for _15. -feel like (doing) _get intotake risks (a risk)想要（做）想要（做）stand for节食节食提醒某人提醒某人伸手去拿伸手去拿,摸摸(某物某物)五、词组运用五、词组运用 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。并用其适用的形式填空。1._ his rude behaviour
10、, the policeman managed not to get angry.2.We dont want to _ of losing our business.3.Once you _ the habit, it is difficult to get rid of it.4.The poor boy _ his ragged clothes.5.Do you know what WHO _?stands for In spite oftake risks (a risk)get intowas ashamed of6.Please think twice before _ impor
11、tant matters.7.Every time I listen to the song, it _ me _ the days in school.8.The failure of the scheme _ bad management.9.You will soon _ the climate here.10.We have just started so we dont _giving up now.feel likedeciding on reminds ofwas due tobe/become accustomed toWords and expressions1. Its s
12、eems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.考点考点 此句中的此句中的it是形式主语，真正的是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语是后面的that从句。从句。考例考例 _ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. ThisC. It D. That点拨点拨 此句中的此句中的it是形式主语，真正的是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语是后面的watching myself on TV。2. due to 归因于归因于, 归功于
13、归功于e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving. 那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。 Her worldwide fame is due to his support. 她名扬四海应归功于他的支持。她名扬四海应归功于他的支持。because从属连词从属连词, 接从句接从句, 表示所叙述的表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点理由是本句的重点; assince从属连词从属连词, 接接从句从句, 表示理由是已知的表示理由是已知的, 而理由以外才是而理由以外才是叙述的重点叙述的重点; for并列连词并列连词, 不用于句首不用于
14、句首, 至至于第一分句之后于第一分句之后, 补充说明理由补充说明理由; 第一分第一分句表示推测时句表示推测时, 用用for说明推测的依据。说明推测的依据。表示因果关系的词和短语表示因果关系的词和短语because of 介词介词, 意思是意思是“由于由于”, 较口语较口语化化owing to 介词介词, 意思是意思是“因为因为”, 较正式较正式thanks to 介词介词, 意思是意思是 “多亏了多亏了” as a result of 介词介词, 意思是意思是“因为因为”3. adolescent 青少年青少年e.g. adolescents between 13 and 18 and the
15、 problems they face. 13至至18岁的青少年以及他们面临岁的青少年以及他们面临的问题。的问题。4. addicted adj. “对某某上瘾对某某上瘾”, “沉湎沉湎于某某于某某” e.g. My children have become hopelessly addicted to television. 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷我的几个孩子都成了电视迷, 简直简直不可救药了。不可救药了。addict n. 吸毒成瘾的人吸毒成瘾的人addiction n. 沉湎、成瘾沉湎、成瘾addictive adj. 使人上瘾的使人上瘾的构词法构词法addict常用于下列结构常用于下
16、列结构:addict oneself to sth.be addicted to sth.be addicted to doing sth.沉溺于某物沉溺于某物专心做某事专心做某事The parents felt helpless when they found their son had _ love stories for long.A. addicted B. addicted toC. addicted himselfD. been addicted to5. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to h
17、aving nicotine in it. 翻译翻译 这就是说，过了一段时间以后，这就是说，过了一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。考点考点 become accustomed to意为意为“习惯习惯于于”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或是介词，后接名词、代词或动词动词-ing形式。形式。常用句式常用句式1) accustom+名词名词/oneself + to+名名e.g. Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings. 孩子们很快就会适应新环境。孩子们很快就会适应新环境。2)
18、be accustomed to +名词名词e.g. I am accustomed to walking long distances. 我习惯与长距离步行。我习惯与长距离步行。3) get/become accustomed to +名词名词e.g. You will soon get accustomed to the job. 你将会习惯于这个工作。你将会习惯于这个工作。注意注意:在英语中在英语中, to 有时为动词不定式符号有时为动词不定式符号, 后跟后跟动词原形动词原形; 有时用作介词有时用作介词, 后跟名词、代词、后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的或动名词。下面的这些短
19、语中的to 均为介均为介词。词。stick to 坚持坚持 lead to 导致导致, 通向通向pay a visit to 参观参观 sentence sb. to 宣判某人宣判某人 come to 谈到谈到, 涉及涉及 see to 处理，负责处理，负责 be up to 总计总计 devoteto 致力于致力于 get down to 开始开始 /着手着手考例考例 Accustomed to _ the steep mountain, he had no difficulty reaching the top. A. climbing B. climb C. having climbed
20、 D. have climbed点拨点拨 to为介词，后跟动词为介词，后跟动词-ing形式形式, 不不能跟现在分词的完成式，故选能跟现在分词的完成式，故选A。6. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 考点考点 此句中的此句中的it是人称代词，代替前面的是人称代词，代替前面的thing。考例考例 Have you heard the latest news?No, what _? A. is it B. is there C. are they D
21、. are those点拨点拨 由由news为不可数名词可排除为不可数名词可排除C、D两两项，用项，用it指代具体的抽象名词指代具体的抽象名词the latest news。7. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking. 考点考点 quit意为意为“停止（做某事）停止（做某事）”，常，常用于用于quit doing sth.结构。结构。考例考例 Doctors are doing research to find out what
22、happens physically when people _ smoking. A. quit B. decline C. depart D. reserve点拨点拨 根据句意根据句意“医生们正在研究以医生们正在研究以便发现当人们戒烟时，他们身体上便发现当人们戒烟时，他们身体上将会发生什么情况。将会发生什么情况。”选选A。decline下降；下降；depart 起程；起程；reserve预订。预订。manage Vt. & vi.1) control 控制控制,经营经营1 He couldnt manage this horse, and it threw him to the groun
23、d.2 The boy is so naughty that his parents cannot manage him.3 Mr. Brown manages a large company in the town.2) succeed, be able to do sth. 设法完成设法完成, 应付应付1 Though I have a lot of difficulties, I can manage to get everything ready.2 I shant be able to manage without help.3 If I cant borrow the money,
24、 Ill have to manage without.manage : do then succeed 设法做成了设法做成了某事某事try 表示尽量做表示尽量做,但不一定成功但不一定成功He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.He managed to pass the exam, and the teacher praised him.manage 和和 try 的区别的区别8. I didnt know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs o
25、r that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. 翻译翻译 当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。育能力会下降。点拨点拨 该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。主从复合句。主句为主句为I didnt know。两个宾语从句分别。两个宾语从句分别为为it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs和和it was more di
26、fficult for smoking couples to become pregnant，or连接这两个宾语从句连接这两个宾语从句, 意为意为“也不（知也不（知道）道）”。I dont know . or . 这个句型译这个句型译为为“我不知道我不知道, 也不知道也不知道”。如：如：I dont know where to go or what to do.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。9. in spite of 尽管尽管, 无视无视 后接名词后接名词 e.g. She cant see very well in spite of her glasses.
27、尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。 The boy went out in spite of his fathers orders. 那男孩无视父亲的命令那男孩无视父亲的命令,径直出去了。径直出去了。They had a wonderful holiday, despite/in spite of bad weather.尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。为愉快。Despite the cold weather, she still wears short sleeves. In spite of the cold w
28、eather, she still wears short sleeves. despite/ in spite of 10. Dont choose a day that you know is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. 翻译翻译 不要选择你明知有压力的日子，不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如要考试的那一天。例如要考试的那一天。点拨点拨 该句是一个主从复合句。主句为该句是一个主从复合句。主句为Dont choose a day, 后接一个由后接一个由that引引导的定语从句修饰导的定语从句修饰a day, 且这个定语从
29、且这个定语从句包含一个插入语句包含一个插入语you know。such as起进一步补充说明的作用。起进一步补充说明的作用。Prepare (sb/sth) for sthto prepare a net for fishing准备捕鱼的鱼网准备捕鱼的鱼网to prepare the ground for the seeds.整理好土地准备播种整理好土地准备播种Mary is preparing herself for the test tomorrow.Will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates?Pr
30、epare oneself+ 时间状语从句时间状语从句Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.every timeeach timethe first timeremind sb that + 宾语从句宾语从句remind sb of sth11. feel like 想要想要, 只表示一次的想法只表示一次的想法, 后接动词后接动词-ing形式形式e.g. Its so hot today. I feel like going swimming. 今天好热啊今
31、天好热啊, 我想去游泳。我想去游泳。“ feel like ”意为意为“感到想要感到想要”。具体用法如下：。具体用法如下：1. 后面接名词、代词或动词后面接名词、代词或动词 ing 形式，表示形式，表示“想要想要”某物或某物或“想要做想要做”某事。例如：某事。例如：I feel like a drink. I dont feel like eating. 2. “ feel like ”还有还有“感到像感到像，摸起来像，摸起来像”的意思。例如：的意思。例如：They made me feel like one of the family. 他们使我感到我像是这个家庭中的一个成员。他们使我感到我
32、像是这个家庭中的一个成员。This feels like silk. If you start to feel nervous or stressed, do not reach for a cigarette.v. 1.for 伸手拿东西伸手拿东西2.延伸；伸展延伸；伸展 eg.The ladder wont reach the window.3. 到达到达 They reached London.n.伸手可及之距离伸手可及之距离eg. within reach of the shops买东西很方便的地方买东西很方便的地方eg. The ball was out of reach.我够不着这
33、个球。我够不着这个球。12. get into陷于陷于, 染上什么习惯染上什么习惯 get into the habit of 养成什么习惯。养成什么习惯。 相当于相当于fall into the habit of或者或者form the habit ofe.g. The girl has got into the habit of playing with her hair while reading.那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。习惯。get into trouble 惹上麻烦惹上麻烦get into debt 负债累累负债累累get into a te
34、mper 大发脾气大发脾气get into deep water 陷于困境陷于困境get into ones head 有某种看法有某种看法get into the way of 习惯于、学会习惯于、学会短语联想短语联想1. I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.2. I became addicted to cigarettes.3. This means that after a while your becomes accustomed to having 4. nicotine in
35、 it5. I knew it was time to quit smoking.6. In spite of her wounded leg, she managed to get up the stairs.重点句型重点句型I. Complete the sentences with words from the text.1. Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years, largely _ super hybrid rice.2. Having lived in Hawaii all hi
36、s life, he was not _ to the cold of Northern Europe.due toaccustomed 3. He was _ of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise.4. In spite of her wounded leg, she _to get up the stairs.5. He told me the same story _ until I felt like screaming.ashamedmanagedautomatically6. With exam
37、s only a week away, I am under a lot of _.7. When I _ playing sport I become very fat and unhealthy.8. _ health is as important as physical health.stressquit/quittedMental9. Now that I am _ I eat a good diet because I want my baby to be born healthy.10. _ often take more risks than adults.pregnantAd
38、olescentsII. 从所给词中选择适当的词填空。从所给词中选择适当的词填空。1. addicted; addictivea. It started as a hobby, but it got so _ I had to keep on doing it.b. My kids are _ to playing computer games.2. manage; managera. If the sales clerk cannot help you, ask to see the _.b. Helen was always a difficult child. None of her t
39、eachers knew how to _ her.addictiveaddictedmanagermanage3. chemist; chemistrya. The great _ was given the Nobel Prize for her great discovery.b. _ was her favourite subject at school.chemistChemistryIII. 根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。翻译成英语。1.由于恶劣的天气状况周五的运动会不由于恶劣的天气状况周五的运动会不得不推迟。得不推迟。(due to)2.
40、 要过很长一段时间你才能习惯当地要过很长一段时间你才能习惯当地的食物。的食物。(get accustomed to)The sports meeting on Friday has to be put off due to bad weather conditions.It will be a long time before you get accustomed to the local food.3. 我打算举办个生日宴会我打算举办个生日宴会, 可我难以决可我难以决定该邀请谁。定该邀请谁。(decide on)4. 由于身体不好，他被迫停止了教学工由于身体不好，他被迫停止了教学工作。作。(
41、quit)I am going to hold a birthday party, but I cannot decide on whom to invite.He was forced to quit teaching because of bad health.IV. 用适当的介词填空。用适当的介词填空。1. Wendy had hidden the box _ her bed.2. When I was _ your age, I did not live as rich and happy a life as you do.3. However hard it is, you must
42、 finish the construction of the lab _ three weeks.underat in 4. The reason he gave _ not coming to the meeting was that his car had broken down halfway.5. My little girl was _ pain because her bad tooth was pulled out.forin6. Whats your room number, please? And _ the way, could I have a look at your
43、 room card?7. The meeting has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.8. The trucks are doing great damage _ the roads.byonto9. The patient reached _ the glass on the table but could not get it.10. Failing in exams is nothing to be ashamed _ if you have tried your best
44、.forofV. 下列各句均有一处错误下列各句均有一处错误, 请指出并改请指出并改正。正。1. For many weeks we had been accustomed to see horses and oxen suffering from heat, thirst and starvation.2. After several hours the firemen tried to put out the fire and save the town.seeingmanaged3. The final examinations are around the corner, and som
45、e fans in my class quit play football to focus on their studies.4. The parents felt helpless when they found their son had been addicted to read novels.5. Lets discuss the matter again and decide in a plan of action as soon as possible.onreading playing1. Master and go over the use of the words and phrases above. 2. Preview the use of “it” on page 21.HomeworkGrammar