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1、英 语句子运用 1命题规律：中考对句子运用的考查主要有句子翻译和句型转换两种形式。2命题特点：(1)翻译句子就是要求根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，每空填一个单词，有些省市的测试题中则不作限制。在初中阶段，翻译句子是非常重要的题型，它包含了对词汇、语法、句型、惯用法等各方面的考查，完成句子可以反映出一个人综合使用英语进行书面交际的能力。在中考中它的分值约为10%左右。考查题型有：a根据汉语意思和英文提示完成句子。b英汉句子互译。c把汉语句子译成英语。各地中考采用最多的是第一种题型。(2)句型转换题型是首先给出一个句子，然后再给出一个包含几个空白处的句子，要求根据括号内的要求在第二句的空白处填入适
2、当的词。该题型属于语法性较强的题型，其特点是规律性强、灵活性小，旨在考查考生用不同的句型结构来表达相同、相近或相反的语意的能力，训练考生灵活运用语言的技巧。纵观近几年全国各省市的中考试卷，我们发现考查句型转换的省市并不多，所占分值约为5%10%左右。从题型上看，句型转换可分为两大类：a按要求改写句子。b同义句、近义句的转换，即要求用不同的句型、不同的语言手段表达相同的意思。预计2015年中考对句子翻译的考查重点仍将是固定句式及固定短语的灵活运用；考查句型转换的省份不会增加，考点保持不变，考查难度相对平稳。 (一)句子翻译 句子翻译的解题技巧：1明确命题意图，做到有的放矢。2了解英、汉两种语言在
3、习惯表达方面的差异。3通览全句，认真检查。 【体验中考】A(2014，北京)1这个故事很有趣，让我们一起来读一读吧。The story is very interesting.Lets read it together.2把东西收好，该睡觉了。Put your things away._Its_time_forbed.3少开车对环境有好处。To drive less is_good_for the environment.4听到这个好消息，他高兴得说不出话来。He was_too_happy_to say a word when he heard the good news.5咱们选Mike当
4、班长怎么样？他不仅诚实，而且守信。Shall we make Mike our monitor? He isnot_only_honest_but_also_keeps_his_word B(2013，湛江)1我们的教室和他们的一样大。Our classroom is as_big_as theirs.2这个女孩正在听音乐。The girl is_listening_to_music now.3这些发明是用来在黑暗中照明的。These inventions are_used_for seeing in the dark.4我太累了，什么都想不起来了。Im too_tired_to think
5、of anything.5别担心！我已经关灯了。Dont worry! I have_turned_off the lights. C(2013，宿迁)1在我外出期间，你介意为我照看一下宠物狗吗？Would you mind _looking_after/taking_care_of/caring_for my pet dog for me while I am away?2作为一名学生，你必须按时上交作业。As a student, you must _hand_in your homework on time.3伊索寓言向我们讲述许多有教育意义的故事。Aesops Fables tells
6、 us a lot of _educational_stories/tales4许多鸟常年舒服地生活在自然保护区里。Many birds live comfortably in the nature reserve all_(the)_year_(round/around)_/the_whole_year5江南Style这首歌不仅在韩国而且在世界其他地方也流行。The song Gangnam Style is popular not_only/both in Korea _but_(also)/and_ in other parts of the world. D(2014，烟台)1请带我参
7、观一下你们的新校园好吗？Could you pleaseshow mearoundyour new school campus?2微信使得人们相互交流更加便捷。Wechat makes itmore convenient for people tocommunicatewith each other.3小屁孩日记这本书自出版后受到孩子们的欢迎。The book Diary of a Wimpay Kid has been popular among kids since itcame out4他喜欢装扮圣诞老人来给孩子们分发礼物。He likes todress up as Santa Cla
8、us to give away presents to children.5我们希望青少年远离香烟。We hope that teenagers canstay/keepawayfrom cigarettes.6他发现他错把Sally的太阳镜装进他的书包里了。He found that he had put Sallys sunglasses into his backpackby mistake7当你觉得有压力的时候你就放松一下自己。Try to relax yourself when you feel stressed out8我惊奇地发现他今天穿着一件最时髦的夹克。I was surpr
9、isedthat he wore a jacket in the lastest style today.9我们需要一些新的办法使污水清洁。We need to come up with new ideas to make polluted water clean.10那位主修生物的女孩经常自愿去医院帮助病人们。The girl who is majoring in biology often volunteers to help the patients in the hospital. E(2014，荆州)1天太热，你为什么不把夹克脱掉呢？Its too hot today.Why don
10、t you take offyour jacket?2嘲笑处于困境中的人是不礼貌的。Its a bad manner to laugh at people in trouble.3她经常和妈妈一起熬夜看电影。She oftenstays uplate with her mom to watch movies.4瞧！孩子们正在听有关中国春节的故事。Look! The children are listening tothe story about the Chinese Spring Festival.5. 初中毕业后每个学生都有很多东西可以期待。Each student can look fo
11、rward tomany things after they leave junior high school. 6为修一栋新房子，他们去年砍了很多树。They cut downmany trees in order to build a new house last year.7快点！我想一会儿我们将赶上他们。Lets hurry! I think we willcatch up withthem in a minute.8英语课上， 我们通常被分为几个小组练习对话。Usually weare divided intosome groups to practice conversations
12、 in English class.9由于昨晚外面太吵，我们发现很难入睡。Because it was too noisy outside last night, we all found it difficult to fall asleep10我认为在最近几年里我们已经对乡村留守儿童的教育问题给予了关注。I think wehave paid attention tothe education problems of children left behind in villages in recent years.(pay) F(2014，达州)1当你遇到生活中的困难时，你应该把它们视为挑
13、战。When you meet problems in your life, you should regard them as challenges.2幸运的是，他母亲很有耐心，没有放弃帮助他。Luckily, his mother was very patient and didnt give up helping him.3除非你有医生的证明，否则你必须参加体育测试。Youre required to takepartin the PE testunlessyou have a doctors note.4吉姆今天早上上学迟到了，是因为他乘坐的公交车半路上出故障了。Jim was lat
14、e for school this morning because the bus he took broke downhalfway.5图书管理员告诉我，这本书我能借一周。The librarian told me that I could keep this book for seven days. (二)句型转换 句型转换的方法与技巧：句型转换主要有两种形式：一是按要求改写句子，二是同义句、近义句转换。1肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的相互转换2陈述句转换为特殊疑问句把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定画线部分应选用的疑问词，然后将相应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式。关于对画线
15、部分提问的解题步骤，可借助于下面的歌诀记忆：一代(用疑问词代替画线部分)二移(把疑问词移至句首)三倒(颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外)四抄(照抄其他部分)3陈述句变选择疑问句、反意疑问句4陈述句变祈使句、感叹句 【体验中考】A(2014，兰州)1Tom said，“We will go back tomorrow morning.”(改为间接引语)Tom said they would come back the next morning.2My father likes noodles better than rice.(改为同义句)My father prefersnoodles
16、torice.3Frank moved to Lanzou in_2010(对画线部分提问)Whendid Frank move to Lanzhou?4I really dont know what I can do to help her out.(改为简单句)I really dont know what to doto help her out.5Please take good care of my pet，will_you/wont you？(改为反意疑问句) B(2014，上海)1Ben has finished the project on reusing natural re
17、sources.(改成否定句)Ben hasnt finishedthe project on reusing natural resources.2Amy will study in an international language school for_several_weeks(对画线部分提问)How longwill Amy study in an international language school?3I was surprised to see my sisters photograph on a magazine cover.(改为同义句)Tomysurprise,_I
18、saw my sisters photograph on a magazine cover.4The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning.(改为简单句)The girl wonderedwhere tomeet her friends the next morning.5Sometimes we use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras.(改为被动语态) Sometimes smart phonesare used to take pict
19、ures instead of cameras.6John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while Im away？” (合成宾语从句)John asked if/whetherI couldlook after his pet dog while he was away.7doing, the students, in the lab, an experiment, are (连词成句)The_students_are_doing_an_experiment_in_the_lab.C(2014，安顺)1It rained heavily yes
20、terday morning.(改为感叹句)How heavilyit rained yesterday morning!2The girl is my cousin.The girl is wearing glasses.(改为定语从句)The girlwho/that iswearing glasses is my cousin.3The boy is too young to go to school.(改为同义句)The boy isntold enoughto go to school.4The teacher asked me，“Will you be a volunteer？”
21、(改为间接引语)The teacher asked me ifI wouldbe a volunteer.5I will go to Canada to visit my uncle in_three_days(对画线部分提问)How soonwill you go to Canada to visit your uncle? D(2014，遂宁)1The weather is too_hot today.(对画线部分提问)What isthe weather like today?2Emma does her homework every evening.(变为否定句)Emma doesnt
22、 doher homework every evening.3Does the earth go around the sun? Susan wanted to know.(将两句合并为一句)Susan wanted to knowif/whetherthe earth goesaround the sun.4Look! Some students are cleaning the classroom.(改为被动语态)Look! The classroom is being cleaned by some students.5Jim is the tallest boy in his clas
23、s.(改为同义句)Jim is taller thanany otherboy in his class. E(2014，遂宁)1The old man is so angry.He cant say a word.(连成一句)The old man is too angry to say a word.2I bought the bike ten years ago.(改为同义句)I have had the bike since ten years ago.3The key is used for locking_the_front_door(对画线部分提问)What is the key used for?4You should hang the curtains across the stage.(改为被动语态)The curtains should be hung across the stage.5Our school has changed greatly in the past several years.(改为同义句)There have been great changes in the past several years.