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1、2021年福建美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试考前冲刺卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.When preparing to give a neonate the first feeding by nipple, the nurse uses a 5 mL feeding of sterile water first. Which of the following is the reason for doing soAEnsure that the neonate ha
2、s the energy to take oral feedings.BEnsure that the mother will be able to feed the neonate.CAscertain the patency of the neonates esophagus.DDetermine if the neonate can retain the feeding. 2.Which of the following techniques is appropriate for irrigating an adult clients ear to move cerumenAAfter
3、instilling the solution, pack the ear canal tightly with cotton pledgets.BAllow the irrigating solution to run down the wall of the ear canal.CThe irrigating solution should be cool.DUse sterile solution and equipment. 3.The nurse is caring for a client in an acute manic state. Whats the most effect
4、ive nursing action for this clientAAssigning him to group activities.BReducing his stimulation.CAssisting him with self-care.DHelping him express his feelings. 4.A voluntary client in a health care facility decides to leave the unit before treatment is complete. To detain the client, the nurse refus
5、es to return the clients personal effects. This is an example of which of the followingAFalse imprisonment.BViolation of confidentiality.CLimit setting.DSlander. 5.The client is taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) to treat his trigeminal neuralgia. While preparing the clients teaching plan, which of the
6、 following instructions should the nurse includeALimit physical activity while taking the drug.BEliminate caffeine from the diet while taking drug.CArrange to have a CBC drawn weekly.DTake the drug on an empty stomach. 6.Mrs. Brown, who is breast-feeding, asks the nurse if she should supplement brea
7、st- feeding with formula feeding. The nurse bases the response on which of the followingAFormula feeding should be avoided to prevent interfering with the breast milk supply.BPrimarily, water supplements should be used to prevent jaundice.CFormula supplements can provide nutrients not found in breas
8、t milk.DMore vigorous sucking is needed for a bottle-feeding, so supplements should be avoided. 7.The mother of a new-born asks the nurse how often she should breastfeed her baby. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be bestANewborns should breastfed at least every 3 hours during the
9、day. BNewborns should be fed when they cry. CAs long as the baby feeds four times a day, he will get enough. DNewborns may breastfeed continuously until they stabilize. 8.Antipsyehotie medications may cause which of the following adverse effectsAIncreased production of insulin.BLower seizure thresho
10、ld.CIncreased coagulation time.DIncreased risk of heart failure. 9.When instructing the client with severe burns about proper nutrition, the nurse would encourage him to eat which of the following mealsAChicken breast, salad, iced tea.BRoast beef sandwich, milkshake, cottage cheese.CHamburger, orang
11、e, coffee.DPasta salad, carrots, iced tea. 10.During a home visit 4 days after delivery, the breast-feeding client tells the nurse that her breasts are hard and tender. The nurse suspects breast engorgement. Which of the following action should the nurse instruct the client to doATake a moderately s
12、trong analgesic after the infant breast-feeds on both sides.BUse her hand or a pump to express a small amount of breast milk before breast-feeding.CDiscontinue breast-feeding immediately and replace it with bottle-feeding during the night.DApply ice packs to the breasts for 20 minutes just before br
13、east-feeding the newborn. 11.The nurse instructs the female client concerning hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the clients teaching planAEstrogen therapy eliminates the need for supplemental calcium intake.BEstrogen therap
14、y can reduce the risk of menopausal bone loss.CThe risk of uterine cancer is decreased after menopause.DSmoking is associated with a later onset of menopause. 12.A client with a seizure disorder has been prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin). Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching
15、 planAIt will be necessary for the client to take potassium supplements to prevent hypokalemia.BThe client should use a soft toothbrush and floss teeth daily.CThe use of phenytoin can lead to the development of diabetes.DIt is appropriate to substitute various brands of phenytoin as long as the dosa
16、ge is the same. 13.Which of the following is the single most reliable indicator of the existence and intensity of acute painAThe clients vital signs.BThe clients self-report of pain.CThe nurses assessment of the client.DThe severity of the condition causing the pain. 14.When developing a teaching pl
17、an for the mother of a child diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy, which of the following descriptions would the nurse includeAWide-based gait and poor muscle coordination.BTremors and lack of active movement.CIncreased muscle tone and stretch reflexes.DSlow, wormlike writhing movements. 15.A clien
18、t is admitted to the labor and delivery department in preterm labor. To help manage preterm labor the nurse would expect to administer which of the following medicationARitodrine (Yutopar).BBromocriptine (Parlodel).CBetamethasone (Celestone).DMagnesium sulfate. 16.The nurse evaluates the clients und
19、erstanding of myasthenia gravis. The nurse would judge that the client has formed a realistic concept of her condition when she saysABy taking medication and pacing activities, I will live longer, but ultimately the disease will cause my death. BBy taking medication and pacing activities, my fatigue
20、 will be relieved, but I should expect occasional periods of muscle weakness. CBy taking medication and pacing activities, my symptoms will be controlled and eventually the disease will be cured. DBy taking medication and pacing activities, I should be able to control the disease and enjoy a healthy
21、 lifestyle. 17.Which of the following fluid and electrolyte imbalances would the nurse anticipate that the client would be particularly susceptible to in the emergent phase of burn careAMetabolic alkalosis.BHemodilution.CHypernatremia.DHyperkalemia. 18.A priority nursing diagnosis during the first 2
22、4 hours following an MI isAIneffective cardiac tissue perfusion.BRisk for infection.CDeficient fluid volume.DConstipation. 19.Which of the following signs or symptoms would the nurse expect to see in a client with pancreatitisABradycardia.BHypertension.CDecreased white blood cell count.DLeft upper q
23、uadrant abdominal pain. 20.The nurse would evaluate that the client understands his home care instructions after scleral buckling for a detached retina if the client says which of the following statementsAI should avoid abrupt movements of the head. BI should exercise the eye muscles each day. CI sh
24、ould turn the entire head rather than just the eyes for sight. DI should avoid activities requiring good depth perception. 21.The nurse notices that a depressed client taking amitriptyline (Elavil) for 2 weeks has become very outgoing, cheerful, and talkative. The nurse would suspect which of the fo
25、llowingAThe client is responding to the antipsychotic.BThe client may be experiencing increased energy and is at an increased risk for suicide.CThe client is ready to be discharged from treatment.DThe client is experiencing a split personality. 22.The client is advised by the physician to have mammo
26、graphy screening annually. Which of the following is the best measure to improve adherence with mammography screeningAMaking sure that the individual barriers to screening are minimized.BEmphasizing that mammography screening can prevent breast cancer.CEmphasizing that mammography screening is a low
27、-cost approach to cancer prevention.DInforming the client that she is at high risk for breast cancer and needs to follow the physicians recommendation. 23.During the evening shift on the day of the clients surgery, the nurse notices that the nasogastric tube drains 500 mL of green-brown fluid. What
28、should the nurse doARecord the amount of drainage on the clients chart.BIrrigate the tube with normal saline solution.CCall the physician immediately.DIncrease the intravenous infusion rate. 24.Which of the following symptoms would the nurse most likely observe in a client with cholecystitis from ch
29、olelithiasisABlack stools.BDecreased white blood cell count.CNausea after ingestion of high-fat foods.DElevated temperature of 103F(39.4). 25.The client with a head injury receives mannitol (Osmitrol) during surgery to help decrease intracranial pressure. Which of the following nursing observations
30、would most likely indicate that the drug is having the desired effectAUrine output increases.BPulse rate decreases.CBlood pressure decreases.DMuscular relaxation increases. 26.The nurse is evaluating a clients lung sounds. Which of the following breath sounds indicate adequate ventilation when auscu
31、ltated over the lung fieldsAVesicular.BBronchial.CBronchovesicular.DAdventitious. 27.The nurse is teaching a new mental health aide. For which of the following clients is setting limits most importantAA depressed client.BA manic client.CA suicidal client.DAn anxious client. 28.The immobile adolescen
32、t with a recent fractured femur suddenly complains chest pain, dyspnea, diaphoresis, and tachycardia. Which of the following would the nurse suspectAAtelectasis.BPneumonia.CPulmonary edema.DPulmonary emboli. 29.The parents of a neonate with a cleft lip are shocked when they see their child for the f
33、irst time. In order to help the parents accept their infants anomaly, which of the following should be included in the neonates plan of careAReassuring them that surgery will correct the defect.BEncouraging the parents to visit more frequently.CShowing them pictures of babies before and after correc
34、tive surgery.DAllowing them to complete their grieving process before seeing the infant again. 30.Which of the following findings would indicate that the goals for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) are being achieved for the clientASerum glucose level of 96.BWeight gain of 0.5 pounds/day.CUrine negat
35、ive for glucose.DSerum potassium level of 4 mEq/L. 31.The nurse is teaching a student nurse in a mental health unit about how to establish a therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Which of the following is of prior importance in the therapeutic nurse-client relationshipANurses self-awareness and und
36、erstanding.BNurses sound knowledge of psychiatric nursing.CNurses sincere desire to help others.DNurses acceptance of others. 32.The client with benign prostatic hypertrophy is prepared for admission to the hospital Which of the following information reported by the emergency room nurse would be mos
37、t helpful to the nurse responsible for admitting the clientAA urine specimen was obtained from the client and sent to the laboratory for analysis. BThe client was catheterized, and 1100 mL of urine was obtained. The urine appeared cloudy, and a specimen was sent to the laboratory. CThe client is ver
38、y cooperative. He is comfortable now that his bladder has been emptied. He had no ill effects from catheterization. DThe client was in the emergency room for 3 hours because of bladder distention. He is fine now but is being admitted as a possible candidate for surgery. 33.A child with leukemia pres
39、ents with peteehiae; gums, lips, and nose that bleed easily; and bruising on various parts of her body. Which of the following laboratory test results would the nurse correlate with these findingsAPlatelet count of 80103/mm3.BSerum calcium level of 5 mg/dL.CFibrinogen level of 75 mg/dL.DPartial thro
40、mboplastin time (PTT) of 38 seconds. 34.The nurse is assessing an elderly client for dementia. Which of the following is a primary symptom of dementiaANeurosis.BLoss of impulse control.CPsychosis.DMemory loss. 35.Which of the following signs and symptoms would be an early indication that the clients
41、 serum potassium level is below normalADiarrhea.BTingling in the fingers.CSticky mucous membranes.DMuscle weakness in the legs. 36.A woman tells the nurse that her 6-year-old daughter has severe nosebleeds. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give this woman to manage nosebleedsAHel
42、p the child assume a comfortable position with her head tilted backward.BTilt the childs head backward and place firm pressure on the nose.CHelp the child lie on her stomach and collect the blood on a clean towel.DPlace the child in a sitting position with her neck bent forward and apply firm pressu
43、re on the nasal septum. 37.A client takes prednisone for an acute exacerbation of her rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse teaches the client about how to take this drug. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that the education is effectiveAI can stop taking the prednisone as soon as
44、my joints feel better. BIt is important for me to increase my sodium intake while I am taking this medication. CI should not be concerned if I lose a little weight while I take the prednisone. DIt is best if I take this medication with some food. 38.A client diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder i
45、s suffering from schizophrenia with elements of which of the following disordersAThought disorder.BAmnestic disorder.CPersonality disorder.DMood disorder. 39.While caring for pregnant adolescents, the nurse should develop a plan of care that incorporates which health concernAAge of menarche.BFamily
46、and home life.CHealthy eating habits.DLevel of emotional maturity. 40.The nurse is interviewing a client who is currently under the influence of a controlled substance and shows signs of becoming agitated. Which measure should the nurse take first when caring for this clientABe aware of hospital security.