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1、2021美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.A 38-year-old client is admitted for alcohol withdrawal. The most common early sign or symptom that this client is likely to experience isAimpending coma.Bmanipulating behavior.Csuppression.Dpercept
2、ual disorders. 2.The nurse is administering neostigmine to a client with myasthenia gravis. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implementAGive the medication on an empty stomach.BWarn the client that hell experience mouth dryness.CSchedule the medication before meals.DAdminister the medicati
3、on for complaints of muscle weakness or difficulty swallowing. 3.Nursing implications for a client taking central nervous system (CNS) stimulants include monitoring the client for which of the following conditionsAHyperpyrexia, slow pulse, and weight gain.BTachycardia, weight loss, and mood swings.C
4、Hypotension, weight gain, and listlessness.DIncreased appetite, slowing of sensorium, and arrhythmias. 4.Which of the following methods would the nurse use to feed an infant after surgical repair of cleft lipAGastric gavage.BIntravenous fluids.CRubber-tipped medicine dropper.DBottle with a lambs nip
5、ple. 5.The client is taking triamcinolone acetonide (Azmacort) inhalant to treat her bronchial asthma. Which of the following conditions is the client at increased risk for developing while taking this medicationAOral candidiasis.BHyperglycemia.CGastric ulcer.DFluid retention. 6.Which of the followi
6、ng would the nurse expect to include in a community health program designed to control sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)AMass screening of all individuals.BLocation of the possible sources of infection.CTreatment of those with the disease.DIsolation of those suspected of having STDs. 7.Which nurs
7、ing action is most effective in defusing a clients impending violent behaviorAHelping the client identify and express feelings of anxiety and anger.BInvolving the client in a quiet activity to divert attention.CLeaving the client alone until he can talk about his feelings.DPlacing the client in secl
8、usion. 8.A 21-year-old client with a history of ulcerative colitis is hospitalized for an exacerbation. When planning dietary teaching, the nurse should recommend that the client consumeAhigh-protein foods, such as eggs, meat, and cheese.Bwhole milk and other dairy products.Craw fruits and vegetable
9、s.Dproducts containing caffeine. 9.Nursing care for a client after electroeonvulsive therapy (ECT) should include which of the followingANothing by mouth for 24 hours after the treatment because of the anesthetic agent.BBed rest for the first 8 hours after a treatment.CAssessment of short-term memor
10、y loss.DNo special care. 10.A client with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus who is a multigravida visits the clinic at 28 weeks gestation. Which of the following instruction by the nurse is appropriate for the clientANonstress testing is performed weekly until 32 weeks gestation.BWeekly f
11、etal movement counts are made by the mother.CContraction stress testing is performed weekly.DInduction of labor is begun at 34 weeks gestation. 11.The nurse is preparing the client with heart failure to go home. Which of the following should be most important to include in the discharge educationAMo
12、nitor urine output daily.BMonitor daily potassium intake.CMaintain bed rest for at least 1 week.DWeigh daily. 12.The nurse observes that the clients total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution is infusing too slowly. The nurse calculates that the client has received 300 mL less than was ordered for th
13、e day. What should the nurse do nextAAssess the infusion system, note the clients condition, and notify the physician.BDiscontinue the solution and administer dextrose in 5% water until the infusion problem is resolved.CIncrease the flow rate to infuse an additional 300 mL over the next hour.DMainta
14、in the flow rate at the current rate and document any discrepancy in the chart. 13.When developing a plan of home care for the client with multiple sclerosis, the nurse should teach the client about which of the following complications most likely to occurAAscites.BContractures.CFluid volume overloa
15、d.DMyocardial infarction. 14.What activity orders would be appropriate for a client with an internal radium implant for cervical cancerAOut of bed as tolerated within the room.BBed rest with bathroom privileges.CBed rest in position of comfort.DBed rest with the head of the bed flat. 15.When a clien
16、t experiences a loss of vibratory sense on examination, this indicatesAinjury to the cranial nerves.Binjury to the peripheral nerves.Cintact cranial nerves.Dintact peripheral nerves. 16.A 23-year-old client in the manic phase of bipolar disorder is admitted to the facility. Which of the following ag
17、ents would be appropriate for this clientABupropion (Wellbutrin) and lithium (Lithobid).BLithium (Lithobid) and valproic acid (Depakene).CHaloperidol (Haldol) and fluphenazine (Prolixin).DRisperidone (Risperdal) and clozapine (Clozaril). 17.A client who received general anesthesia returns from surge
18、ry. Postoperatively, which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for this clientAAcute pain related to surgery.BDeficient fluid volume related to blood and fluid loss from surgery.CImpaired physical mobility related to surgery.DRisk for aspiration related to anesthesia. 18.Which of the following
19、nursing interventions is most important postoperatively for an infant who has received a ventriculoperitoneal shuntAMonitoring intake and output.BInitiating oral feedings.CAllowing the infant to rest undisturbed.DProviding age-appropriate diversionary activities. 19.Which of the following would be m
20、ost important to teach a client older than 65 years to prevent a recurrence of bacterial pneumoniaAChange current diet habits.BSeek prompt antibiotic therapy for viral infections.CReceive prophylactic antibiotic therapy.DObtain annual influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. 20.Which of the following ac
21、tivities should a 2-year-old child to be able to do()ABuild a tower of eight cubes.BPoint out a picture.CWash and dry his hands.DRemove a garment.21.A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect clinical manifestations similar toAhypovolemic shock.Badrenergic stimulation.Cbenzo
22、diazepine overdose.DAddisons disease. 22.A 2-year-old child is brought to the emergency room with a broken arm. Which of the following findings would lead the nurse to suspect child abuseAThe child has bruises on the forearms.BThe childs clothes are dirty, torn, and obviously hand-me-downs. CThe chi
23、lds father alters the story of the injury each time he tells it.DThe childs mother did not come to the hospital with the child. 23.A client reports a severe headache shortly after a lumbar puncture for a myelogram. What would be the nurses best responseAIncrease the clients fluid intake.BAdminister
24、prescribed antihypertensives.COffer roll lenses to the client.DPlace cooling packs over the lumbar puncture site. 24.The plan of care for a client with hypertension taking propranolol hydrochloride would include which of the followingAInstructing the client to discontinue the drug if nausea occurs a
25、nd to monitor blood pressure.BInstructing the client to notify the physician of irregular or slowed pulse rate.CMonitoring blood pressure every week and adjusting the medication dose accordingly.DMeasuring partial thromboplastin time weekly to evaluate blood clotting status. 25.The nurse must apply
26、an elastic bandage to a clients ankle and calf. She should apply the bandage beginning at the clientsAfoot.Bankle.Clower thigh.Dknee. 26.Which of the following indications is the primary use for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)ASevere agitation.BAntisocial behavior.CNoncompliance with treatment.DMajo
27、r depression with psychotic features. 27.Conditions necessary for the development of a positive sense of self-esteem includeAconsistent limits.Bcritical environment.Cinconsistent boundaries.Dphysical discipline. 28.A client with fecal impaction typically exhibits which clinical manifestationALiquid
28、or semiliquid stools.BHard, brown, formed stools.CLoss of urge to defecate.DIncreased appetite. 29.A client complains of a severe, throbbing headache following a lumbar puncture. The priority nursing intervention for this client is toArestrict fluid intake.Bincrease fluid intake.Craise the head of t
29、he bed.Dassess vital signs. 30.A client is admitted to the emergency department with a suspected overdose of an unknown drug. The clients arterial blood gas values indicate respiratory acidosis. What should the nurse do firstAPrepare to assist with ventilation.BMonitor the clients heart rhythm.CPrep
30、are to begin gastric lavage.DObtain urine for drug screening. 31.Labor is divided into how many stagesATwo.BThree.CFour.DFive. 32.Which vaginal infection doesnt require treatment for sexual partnersANeisseria gonorrhoeae.BCandida albicans.CTrichomonas vaginalis.DChlamydia trachomatis. 33.Two middle-
31、aged sisters have been diagnosed with Huntingtons disease. The children of these clients want to know what their chances are of developing this genetic disorder. The nurses best response would be.AOnly women become symptomatic. BThis disorder is an autosomal dominant disorder, so each child has a 50
32、% chance of inheriting it. CThis disorder is an autosomal recessive disorder, so each child has a 25% chance of inheriting it. DWomen are symptomatic and men are carriers of this disorder. 34.The nurse is caring for a toddler in respiratory arrest. The nurse will assist with endotracheal intubation
33、and use an uncurled tube because theAvocal cords provide a natural seal.Btrachea is shorter.Clarynx is anterior and cephalad.Dcricoid cartilage is the narrowest part of the larynx. 35.A client with a spinal cord injury and subsequent urine retention receives intermittent catheterization every 4 hour
34、s. The average catheterized urine volume has been 550mL. What should the nurse doAIncrease the frequency of the catheterizations.BInsert an indwelling urinary catheter.CPlace the client on fluid restrictions.DUse a condom catheter instead of an invasive one. 36.The nurse teaches the client with pept
35、ic ulcer disease about how to effectively adjust his response to work-related stress. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that the education is effectiveAMy job is too stressful. I will have to find a different career. BI dont have any control over my stressors at work. My cowo
36、rkers are difficult to work with. CWell, I guess this ulcer means I wont be able to work toward a promotion. DI will have to improve my ability to cope with stress. 37.The physician decides to artificially rupture the membranes. Following this procedure, the nurse needs to check the fetal heart tone
37、s. Why should the nurse do soATo determine fetal well-being.BTo prepare for an imminent delivery.CTo assess for prolapsed cord.DTo assess fetal position. 38.The client with diverticulitis is treated as an outpatient with drug therapy. Which drug therapy will most probably be employedAAntidepressants
38、.BLaxatives.CSteroids.DBroad-spectrum antibiotics. 39.One day after an appendectomy, a 9-year-old rates his pain at 4 out of 5 on the pain scale but is playing video games and laughing with his friend. Which of the following would the nurse document on the childs chartAThe child is in no apparent di
39、stress, and no pain medication is needed at this time.BThe child rates pain at 4 out of 5. Pain medication administered as prescribed.CThe child doesnt understand the pain scale. Performed teaching to help child match his pain rating to how he appears to be feeling.DThe child rates his pain at 4 out
40、 of 5; however, he appears to be in no distress. Reassess when hes visibly showing signs of pain. 40.Which of the following pieces of equipment would do best job to help prevent external rotation of the clients right leg postoperativelyASandbags.BA high footboard.CA rubber air ring.DA metal bed crad
41、le. 41.A client asks the nurse what PSA is. The nurse should reply that it stands forAprostate-specific antigen, used to screen for prostate cancer.Bprotein serum antigen, used to determine protein levels.Cpneumococcal strep antigen, a bacteria that causes pneumonia.Dpapanicolaou-specific antigen, u
42、sed to screen for cervical cancer. 42.When administering an intramuscular injection to a neonate, which of the following muscles would the nurse consider as the best injection siteADeltoid.BDorsogluteal.CVentrogluteal.DVastus lateralis. 43.A 30-year-old client with 7 months pregnancy reports severe
43、leg cramps at night. Which nursing action would be most effective in helping her cope with these crampsASuggesting that she walk for 1 hour twice per day.BAdvising her to take over-the-counter calcium supplements twice per day.CTeaching her to dorsiflex her foot during the cramp.DInstructing her to
44、increase milk and cheese intake to 8 to 10 servings per day. 44.The uterus returns to the pelvic cavity in which time frameA7th to 9th day postpartum.B2 weeks postpartum.CEnd of the 6th week postpartum.DWhen the lochia changes to alba. 45.A 35-year-old multigravida at 16 weeks gestation tells the nu
45、rse that she has had frequent mood swings during this pregnancy. What would be the nurses best suggestion to the clientASeek professional counseling.BKeep her feelings to herself.CTry to avoid fatigue and stress.DDecrease her narcissistic behaviors. 46.An elderly clients lithium level is 1.4 mEq/L. She complains of diarrhea, tremors, and nausea. The nurses first action is toAhold the lithium (Lithobid) and notify the physician.Breassure the client that these are n