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1、2021美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试考前冲刺卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The infants skin is inelastic and the upper abdomen is distended. To palpate the olive like mass most easily, the nurse palpates the epigastrium just to the right of the umbilicus at which of the
2、 following timesA. Just before the infant vomits.B. While the infant is eating.C. When infant is lying on the left side.D. When the stomach is empty. 2.A mother asks the nurse about how to manage her childs morning hyperglycemia. Which of the following would be most appropriate response by the nurse
3、A. Question the mother if her child has been avoiding sweets.B. Tell the mother that this is normal and to continue with the ordered doses.C. Ask the mother what her childs blood glucose levels have been for the last few days.D. Inform the mother that this is unusual and the child needs to be seen i
4、n the emergency room now.3.A client calls the physicians office 2 days after a herniorrhaphy to report that his scrotum is swollen and painful. Which of the following instruction by the nurse could promote comfort for the clientA. Apply a snug binder on his abdomen.B. Have him wear a truss to suppor
5、t the scrotum.C. Have him lie on his side and place a pillow between his legs.D. Elevate the scrotum and place ice bags on the area intermittently. 4.A 34-year-old client is 34 weeks pregnant and is experiencing bleeding caused by placenta previa. The fetal heart sounds are normal and the client isn
6、t in labor. Which of the following nursing interventions should be of priorityA. Monitor the amount of vaginal blood loss.B. Allow the client to ambulate with assistance.C. Perform a vaginal examination to cheek for cervical dilation.D. Notify the physician for a fetal heart rate of 130 beats/minut5
7、.The nurse is teaching a new mental health aide. For which of the following clients is setting limits most importantA. A depressed client.B. A manic client.C. A suicidal client.D. An anxious client. 6.The nurse teaches a client about the relationship between body position and gastroesophageal reflux
8、. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate that he understands measures to avoid problems with reflux while sleepingA. I can elevate the head of the bed 4 to 6 inches. B. I can elevate the foot of the bed 4 to 6 inches. C. I can sleep on my back without a pillow under my head.
9、D. I can sleep on my stomach with my head turned to the left. 7.Mr. Smith is admitted to the psychiatric hospital for evaluation after numerous incidents of threatening, angry outbursts and two episodes of hitting a coworker at the grocery store where he works. He is very anxious and tells the nurse
10、, I didnt mean to hit him. He made me so mad that I just couldnt help it. I hope I dont hit anyone here. Which of the following is the nurses best responseA. It sounds like you were angry. When you feel angry here, talk to the staff about it instead of hitting. B. Im sure you didnt mean to hit him a
11、nd that it wont happen here. C. Youd better not hit anyone here, even if you do get mad. D. Tell me more about what happened. 8.When caring for a client during the second stage of labor, which action would be least appropriateA. Assisting the client with pushing.B. Ensuring the clients legs are posi
12、tioned appropriately.C. Allowing the client clear liquids.D. Monitoring the fetal heart rat 9.Which of the following situations is more likely to predispose a client to postpartum hemorrhageA. Birth of a 7 lb (3,175g) infant.B. Prolonged first stage of labor.C. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).D
13、. Birth of twins. 10.Which of the following is an appropriate health promotion activity to reduce the incidence of osteoporosisA. Teaching women to maintain adequate calcium intake.B. Teaching women how to administer pain medication safely.C. Avoiding estrogen replacement therapy when postmenopausal
14、.D. Teaching women to increase caffeine intake as a preventive measur 11.A hospitalized client craves a drink while withdrawing from alcohol. Which of the following measures is the best way to help the client resist the urge to drinkA. A routine search of visitors.B. A locked-door policy.C. One-to-o
15、ne supervision by the staff.D. Support from other alcoholic clients. 12.While caring for pregnant adolescents, the nurse should develop a plan of care that incorporates which health concernA. Age of menarche.B. Family and home life.C. Healthy eating habits.D. Level of emotional maturity. 13.The nurs
16、e is caring for a client hospitalized on numerous occasions for complaints of chest pain and fainting spells, which she attributes to her deteriorating heart condition. No relatives or friends report ever actually seeing a fainting spell. After undergoing an extensive cardiac, pulmonary, GI, and neu
17、rologic workup, shes told that all test results are completely negative. The client remains persistent in her belief that she has a serious illness. What diagnosis is appropriate for this clientA. Exhibitionism.B. Somatoform disorder.C. Degenerative dementia.D. Echolali 14.When caring for a client w
18、ho has had a cesarean birth, which of the following nursing interventions is least appropriateA. Removing the initial dressing for incision inspection.B. Monitoring pain status and providing necessary relief.C. Supporting self-esteem concerns about delivery.D. Assisting with parental neonate bondin
19、15.Which of the following signs and symptoms is classic for a patient with rheumatoid arthritisA. Joint swelling, joint stiffness in the morning, and bilateral joint involvement.B. Crepitus, development of Heberdens nodes, and anemia.C. Pain on weight-bearing, rash, and low-grade fever.D. Fatigue, l
20、eukopenia, and joint pain. 16.If none of the following bed positions is contraindicated, which position would be preferred for the client with hypovolemic shockA. Supine.B. Semi-Fowlers.C. Trendelenburgs.D. Supine with the legs elevated 15 degrees. 17.In caring for the client with hepatitis B, which
21、 of the following situations would most likely expose the nurse to the virusA. Contact with fecal material.B. A blood splash into the nurses eyes.C. Disposing of syringes and needles without recapping.D. Touching the clients arm with ungloved hands while taking blood pressur 18.A client receiving mo
22、rphine for long-term pain management develops tolerance. When the client asks the nurse what it means, which of the following should the nurse responseA. Tolerance is an allergic reaction to a medication. B. Tolerance is an ability to take the same drug for extended periods of time. C. Tolerance is
23、an increased response to a medication. D. Tolerance is a diminished response to a drug so that more is required to reach the same effect. 19.Which of the following is the most important aspect of nursing care in the postpartum periodA. Supporting the mothers ability to successfully feed and care for
24、 her neonate.B. Providing group discussions on infant care.C. Monitoring the normal progression of lochia.D. Involving the family in the teachin 20.A woman seeking help at a community mental health center complains of fatigue, sensitivity to criticism, decreased libido, and feeling self-conscious. S
25、he also has aches and pains. A nursing diagnosis for this client might includeA. Delayed growth and development.B. Ineffective role performance.C. Posttrauma syndrome.D. Chronic low self-esteem. 21.The nurse is caring for a client with acute osteomyelitis in the right tibia. Which of the following m
26、easures is most appropriate when repositioning the clients legA. Hold the leg by the ankle when repositioning to avoid touching the tibia.B. Support the leg above and below the affected area when positioning.C. Have the client move the leg by himself to decrease pain.D. Apply warm moist compresses t
27、o the leg before repositionin22.A client with cirrhosis should be encouraged to follow which of the following diet regimeA. High-calorie, restricted protein, low-sodium diet.B. Bland, low-protein, low-sodium diet.C. Well-balanced normal nutrients, low-sodium diet.D. High-protein, high-calorie, high-
28、potassium diet. 23.To prevent external rotation of the clients hips while he is lying on his back, it would be best for the nurse to placeA. firm pillows under the length of his legs.B. sandbags alongside his legs from knees to ankles.C. troehanter rolls alongside his legs from ilium to midthigh.D.
29、a footboard that supports his feet in the normal anatomic position. 24.The client with benign prostatic hypertrophy is prepared for admission to the hospital Which of the following information reported by the emergency room nurse would be most helpful to the nurse responsible for admitting the clien
30、tA. A urine specimen was obtained from the client and sent to the laboratory for analysis. B. The client was catheterized, and 1100 mL of urine was obtained. The urine appeared cloudy, and a specimen was sent to the laboratory. C. The client is very cooperative. He is comfortable now that his bladde
31、r has been emptied. He had no ill effects from catheterization. D. The client was in the emergency room for 3 hours because of bladder distention. He is fine now but is being admitted as a possible candidate for surgery. 25.A client receiving haloperidol (Haldol) complains of a stiff jaw and difficu
32、lty swallowing. Which of the following should be the nurses first actionA. Reassure the client and administer as-needed lorazepam (Ativan) IM.B. Administer as-needed dose of benztropine (Cogentin) by mouth as ordered.C. Administer as-needed dose of benztropine (Cogentin) IM as ordered.D. Administer
33、as-needed dose of haloperidol (Haldol) by mout 26.After a gastrectomy, the client will have a nasogastric tube in place for several days postoperatively. The nurse explains to the client that the nasogastric tube is for which of the following reasonsA. Prevent excessive pressure on suture lines.B. P
34、revent the development of ascites.C. Provide enteral feedings in the immediate postoperative period.D. Enable administration of antacids to promote healing of the anastomosis. 27.The clinic nurse is instructing a group of parents about emergency treatment for accidental poisoning and injury. Which o
35、f the following statements by one of the mothers indicates that she needs further instructionA. I should flush my childs eye with room temperature tap water for 15 to 20 minutes if a caustic material gets into it. B. I should save the emesis if my child vomits. C. I should call the poison control ce
36、nter if there are any symptoms. D. I should give 2 to 5 teaspoons of clear fluids after administering ipecac. 28.A mother brings her 2-year-old adopted Korean child to the clinic for an initial checkup. The child has been living with the adopted family for several weeks. The nurse notes an irregular
37、 area of deep blue pigment on the childs buttocks extending into the sacral area. What should the nurse doA. Ask the mother in private how the bruise occurred.B. Notify social services of a case of possible child abuse.C. Question the mother about the familys discipline style.D. Do nothing concernin
38、g this findin29.After determining that a pregnant client is Rh-negative, the physician orders an indirect Coombstest. Whats the purpose of performing this test on a pregnant clientA. To determine the fetal blood Rh factor.B. To determine the maternal blood Rh factor.C. To detect maternal antibodies
39、against fetal Rh-positive factor.D. To detect maternal antibodies against fetal Rh-negative factor. 30.A nurse in a prenatal clinic is assessing a 28-year-old woman who is 24 weeks pregnant. Which of the following findings would lead this nurse to suspect that the client has mild preeclampsiaA. Hype
40、rtension, edema, proteinuria.B. Glycosuria, hypertension, seizures.C. Hematuria, blurry vision, reduced urine output.D. Burning on urination, hypotension, abdominal pain. 31.One nurse strongly believes that all psychiatric medication is a form of chemical mind control. When the clients wife asks abo
41、ut the efficacy of antidepressant medications, which of the following courses of action would be best for this nurse to takeA. Give an honest opinion of the treatment.B. Explain that there are not enough current statistics about the efficacy of the treatment.C. Provide a package insert for the wife
42、to read.D. Refer the clients wife to another knowledgeable person for information about the treatment. 32.Which of the following signs or symptoms would be of least importance when the nurse evaluates the client for postoperative peripheral nerve damageA. Pain.B. Bleeding.C. Altered sensation.D. Pul
43、selessness. 33.To obtain a good monitor tracing on a client in labor, the mother lies on her back. Suddenly, she complains of feeling light-headed and becomes diaphoretic. Which of the following should be the nurses first actionA. Reposition the client to her left side.B. Immediately take the client
44、s blood pressure and call the physician.C. Start oxygen at 6 L via nasal cannula.D. Increase the IV fluids to correct the clients dehydration. 34.The nurse is caring for a 35-year-old multipara who delivered a full-term infant by cesarean delivery because of a breech presentation. The nurse recogniz
45、es that which of the following events would be the most important contribution to preventing thromboembolismA. Increasing oral fluid intake.B. Providing oxygen therapy.C. Encouraging frequent ambulation.D. Administering pain medications as neede 35.The nurse is preparing an elderly client to get out
46、 of bed on the first postoperative day after a total hip replacement. Which of the following activities would be most helpful to the clientA. Demonstrate the use of a walker with partial weight bearing.B. Explain to the client that she will be lifted out of bed to a chair.C. Reassure the client that
47、 she will be assisted to walk to the hall.D. Demonstrate the swing-through crutch-walking gait with limited weight hearin 36.When developing the postoperative plan of care for a child who is scheduled to have a tympanostomy tubes inserted into the right ear, which of the following interventions would the nurse identify to accomp