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1、2021年河南大学英语考试真题卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.BPassage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./BARescuers had saved 32 whales this time.B50 whales died after becoming stranded last week.C70 whale stranding incidents have hap
2、pened since 1900.DNone of these incidents involves more than 200 animals. 2.BQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BASummarize the material which is familiar to the listeners.BGive detailed facts and numbers that the audience have known.CAsk the audience many question
3、s.DGive different ideas which are beyond the audiences understanding. 3.BQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAA dozen roses, two dozen balloons and a romantic dinner.BA dozen roses, a beautiful card and a romantic dinner.CTwo dozen roses, a dozen balloons and a rom
4、antic dinner.DTwo dozen roses, a beautiful card and a romantic dinner. 4.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAIts full of excitement.BIts enjoyable.CIts hill of rush.DIts relaxing. 5.BQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAA good s
5、peaker knows clearly what he needs and wants.BA good speaker knows its very important to attract the attention of his audience.CA good speaker has to give his audience some in-depth views.DA good speaker knows how he delivers his speech determines the audiences feedback. 6.BPassage ThreeQuestions 32
6、 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAThey are social marine animals.BThey call for help when they are in danger.CThey hunt food alone and independently.DThey immigrant between the Antarctic and Australia. 7.BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard
7、./BAPeople should appreciate such shopping.BPeople should make it a Season of Celebration.CPeople should give out their belongings.DPeople should show their kindness to others. 8.BPassage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAA TV, a refrigerator, two lamps and a reco
8、rder.BA TV, a refrigerator, a lamp and a wash machine.CA TV, a heater, a lamp and a hair dryer.DA TV, a healer, two lamps and a hair dryer. 9.BQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAIt is in front of the florists.BIt is behind Jacks Restaurant.CIt is opposite to Jack
9、s Restaurant.DIt is next to Susies Bar. 10.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAAt 2:30 tomorrow.BBefore noon tomorrow.CAt 2:30 today.DBefore noon today. 11.BQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BA$ 18.B$ 19.C$ 20.D$ 22. 12.BPassag
10、e TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAOn January 8th.BOn January 9th.COn January 11th.DOn January 12th. 13.BPassage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./BABecause the whales hunt too close to the shores.BBecause the whales failed to
11、detect the sloping coastlines.CBecause human activities affect whales lives deeply:DThe reason is still unknown. 14.BPassage Two/B When the economy is sinking and inflation fading rapidly, is there any merit in cutting interest rates gradually On December 4th the Bank of England again opted for bold
12、ness. It cut its benchmark (基准) rate by a percentage point, to 2% , following a stunning one-and-a-haft-point reduction a month earlier. On the same day Swedens central bank slashed its rate, from 3.75% to 2%, and said big cuts were needed because monetary policy was less effective than usual. But t
13、he European Central Bank (ECB) was stuck somewhere between caution and boldness. Less than an hour after the Bank of Englands decision, the ECB reduced its main rate by three-quarters of a percentage point, to 2.5%. That was the biggest cut in its ten-year history. It may look daring, but in the cir
14、cumstances seems inadequate. One reason for the Bank of Englands haste is that the British economy, with its housing bust and exposure to financial services, is falling fast. Yet the euro area is struggling almost as badly. A closely watched index of activity, based on surveys of purchasing managers
15、 in manufacturing and services, slumped in November to its lowest level ever. That suggests euro-area GDP is shrinking fast, and for a third successive quarter. Business and consumer confidence is at a 15-year low, according to a survey by the European Commission. The ECBs remit is to stabilize infl
16、ation, not the economy. But inflation is no longer a barrier to big rate cuts and the bank needs to act to ensure it does not fall too low. With news this grim, why not cut interest rates by more In a speech last month, Lorenzo Bini Smaghi, of the ECBs rate-setting council, argued against a hyperact
17、ive monetary policy(过激的货币政策). A big rate cut, he said, is more likely to drain confidence than perk it up, if it is interpreted as a signal that the central bank has a more pessimistic assessment of the economy than market participants. A central bank that acts aggressively to insure against deflati
18、on could intensify expectations of it, malting that outcome more, not less, likely. Policymakers who slash rates at the first sign of danger will quickly run out of ammunition(弹 品 ) ,he said. Yet the immediate outlook for the economy is so bleak that there seems little merit in holding fire. In Amer
19、ica the Federal Reserve has hardly any room left for bold cuts: its target rate is at 1% but the actual rate is lower. Even so, the Feds policy of pushing vast sums of cash into the economy has shown that monetary-policy options are not exhausted even when interest rates approach zero. Jean Claude T
20、richet, the ECBs president, had held his usual press conference, hut the bank seemed likely to cut rates again at its next rate-setting meeting on January 15th.What can we learn from the passage about banks cutting of interest rates AOn December 4th, Bank of England cut rate for the frost time.BSwed
21、ens central bank reduced its interest rate one day later.CThe ECB says monetary policy was less effective.DRecord-setting cutting is still not enough under such circumstances. 15.BPassage One/B Nowadays, no document is safe any more. Counterfeiting. once the domain of skilled deceivers that used exp
22、ensive engraving and printing equipment, has gone mainstream since the price of desktop publishing systems has dropped. In ancient times, counterfeiting was a hanging offence. Today, desktop counterfeiters have little reason to worry about prison, because the systems they use are ubiquitous (普遍存在的)
23、and there is no means of tracing forged documents to the machine that produced them. This, however, may soon change thanks to technology development by George Chiu, an anti-counterfeiting engineer. His approach is based on detecting imperfections in the print quality of documents. Old-school scienti
24、sts were able to trace documents to particular typewriters based on quirks (构槽) of the individual keys. He employs a similar approach, exploiting the fact that the rotating (转动) drums and mirrors inside a printer are imperfect pieces of engineering which leave unique patterns of banding in their pro
25、ducts. Although these patterns are invisible to the naked eye, they can be detected and analyzed by computer programs, and it is these patterns that Dr. Chiu has spent the past year devising. So far, he cannot trace individual printers, but he can tell pretty reliably which make and model of printer
26、 was used to create a document. That, however, is only the beginning. While it remains to be seen whether it will be possible to trace a counterfeit document back to its guilty creator on the basis of manufacturing imperfections, Dr. Chiu is now working out ways to make those imperfections deliberat
27、e. He wants to modify the printing process so that unique, invisible signatures can be incorporated into each machine produced which would make any document traceable. Ironically, it was after years of collaborating with printing companies to reduce banding and thus increase the quality of prints, t
28、hat he came up with the idea of introducing artificial banding that could encode identification information into a document. Using the banding patterns of printers to secure documents would be both cheap to implement and hard, if not impossible, for those without. specialist knowledge and hardware t
29、o evade. Not surprising, the American Secret Service is monitoring the progress of this research very closely, and is providing guidelines to help Dr. Chiu to travel in what the service thinks is the right direction, which is fine for catching criminals. But how the legitimate users of printers will
30、 react to Big Brother being able to track any document back to his source remains to be seen.By saying no document is safe any more, the author probably means _. Aaffordable printers make it possible for anyone to forge documentsBthe American Secret Service will be able to trace any documentCevery p
31、rinted document will be secretly marked out through high-techDcounterfeiters have more advanced technology to use 16.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BATake part in a sports meet.BAttend a business meeting.CGo for an interview.DTake an exam. 17.BQuestions 11 to
32、18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAHusband and wife.BLawyer and client.CSaleswoman and customer.DWaitress and customer. 18.BPassage Two/B When the economy is sinking and inflation fading rapidly, is there any merit in cutting interest rates gradually On December 4th the Bank of
33、England again opted for boldness. It cut its benchmark (基准) rate by a percentage point, to 2% , following a stunning one-and-a-haft-point reduction a month earlier. On the same day Swedens central bank slashed its rate, from 3.75% to 2%, and said big cuts were needed because monetary policy was less
34、 effective than usual. But the European Central Bank (ECB) was stuck somewhere between caution and boldness. Less than an hour after the Bank of Englands decision, the ECB reduced its main rate by three-quarters of a percentage point, to 2.5%. That was the biggest cut in its ten-year history. It may
35、 look daring, but in the circumstances seems inadequate. One reason for the Bank of Englands haste is that the British economy, with its housing bust and exposure to financial services, is falling fast. Yet the euro area is struggling almost as badly. A closely watched index of activity, based on su
36、rveys of purchasing managers in manufacturing and services, slumped in November to its lowest level ever. That suggests euro-area GDP is shrinking fast, and for a third successive quarter. Business and consumer confidence is at a 15-year low, according to a survey by the European Commission. The ECB
37、s remit is to stabilize inflation, not the economy. But inflation is no longer a barrier to big rate cuts and the bank needs to act to ensure it does not fall too low. With news this grim, why not cut interest rates by more In a speech last month, Lorenzo Bini Smaghi, of the ECBs rate-setting counci
38、l, argued against a hyperactive monetary policy(过激的货币政策). A big rate cut, he said, is more likely to drain confidence than perk it up, if it is interpreted as a signal that the central bank has a more pessimistic assessment of the economy than market participants. A central bank that acts aggressive
39、ly to insure against deflation could intensify expectations of it, malting that outcome more, not less, likely. Policymakers who slash rates at the first sign of danger will quickly run out of ammunition(弹 品 ) ,he said. Yet the immediate outlook for the economy is so bleak that there seems little me
40、rit in holding fire. In America the Federal Reserve has hardly any room left for bold cuts: its target rate is at 1% but the actual rate is lower. Even so, the Feds policy of pushing vast sums of cash into the economy has shown that monetary-policy options are not exhausted even when interest rates
41、approach zero. Jean Claude Trichet, the ECBs president, had held his usual press conference, hut the bank seemed likely to cut rates again at its next rate-setting meeting on January 15th.What is the reason for the Bank of Englands haste action in cutting its rates AThe activity of manufacturing and
42、 services slumped to its lowest level.BIts business and consumer confidence is at a 15-year low.CIts economy is descending quite quickly.DSuch monetary policy proves to be effective. 19. One of the advantages of being serf-employed is that the profit the business U (62) /U belongs to the owner. If t
43、he self-employed person is successful, he has the chance to earn a great deal of money, even become wealthy. The profit earned by a self-employed person is the U (63) /U for his effort, ability and creativity. U (64) /U, a second advantage of being serf-employed is that a persons intelligence and ab
44、ilities have a direct U (65) /U on his earnings. People who have outstanding abilities or intelligence often find they can earn far more through self-employment than they can through U (66) /U as an employee. A third advantage of being serf-employed is that a person can control both the U (67) /U of
45、 hours worked and the hours of work. U (68) /U not all self-employed people are completely free to choose U (69) /Uhours they want to work, most of them have more control over this area than do the people who work U (70) /U salaries or wages. As with most things in life, being self-employed is not w
46、ithout problems. First, being ones own boss places the U (71) /U for success directly on that individuals shoulders. Abilities and intelligence will be put to the U (72) /U. Everyone has some weaknesses and is less U (73) /U in some things than in others. These weaknesses will affect U (74) /U successful a self-employed person is. Second, U (75) /U the serf-employed can earn considerable profits with a successful business, losses can force them out of U (76) /U, and in some instances, place the