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1、备战2016中考系列：英语2年中考1年模拟专题14 完形填空解读考点完形填空完形填空是一种在语意封闭的情况下考察学生阅读能力及掌握语言基础知识能力的综合性题目。学生应根据语义完整、语法正确、合乎逻辑的原则进行通篇阅读。借助文章的现成文字，通过逻辑思维，联系上下文，推断出可能的答案，使补足后的短文结构完整，意义通畅。直击考点完形填空的特点1.完形填空题能够较为准确地检查学生的各项知识水平和综合运用语言知识的能力。这种题型的主要考查内容为：词语辨析、基本句型、基础语法;固定搭配与习惯表达;阅读理解能力和逻辑推理能力。近年来，完形填空题更侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。完形填空题(cloze
2、 test)有以下两大特点和规律：第一、一篇完形填空题是一个有机的整体尽管看起来形式上有残缺(若干个空)，但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。考生解题时必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间，从语法到意义的合理搭配。尤其要注意短文中承上启下的过渡词等，如so, but, however, then, therefore, also等。来源:Zxxk.Com第二、完形填空题选材广泛它涉及社会、政治、经济;文化、教育、历史、地理、
3、科普知识、人物故事等。因此，考生做完形填空题时，要快速通览全文，了解文章概貌与各段落的中心意思，把握文章主旨脉络，掌握文章作者的意图。在平时学习中，要注意从以下几个方面训练和提高。完形填空题的设空规律 上下文直接信息题：本类题的设置特点是：四个选项之间不存在词义区别和用法比较。考生应着眼于对上下文信息的捕捉和对上下文暗示的领会。 词、句、文三结合理解题：本类题的设置特点是：其中某一个或几个选项代入空白处会使句意不通或严重违背上下句意义的衔接或直接与短文内容不符，考生在做这类题时要对各选项的词义作准确的把握。 词义辨析题：本类题的设置特点是：各选项代入空中后该句的语法都是正确的，但是句子出现了几
4、种不同的含义。在做这类题时，考生要认真比较各词之间的细微差别。 语法知识和固定短语考查题：考生在解答本类题时要注意句子的语法结构要正确：如时态、语态等;对固定短语要注意其结构的完整性。 行文逻辑和全文中心把握题：本类题的设空特点是：把各选项中的对象代入空格中可导致上下文之间出现因果关系、递进关系、转折关系、条件关系等。做本类题时，考生要注意全文的主线或脉络，仔细分析上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而准确地选出正确答案。三 做题中的推测手段 根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测：注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系是做好完形填空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，
5、找出既符合词义、句意，又符合上下文语境，合理的正确答案。 根据语篇标志进行推测：语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如：表示结构层次的firstly, secondly等，表示逻辑关系的therefore, so, but等，表示话题改变的by the way等。在做完形填空题时，充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。 根据文化背景知识进行推测：完形填空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识，到历史地理知识;从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文
6、化方面所存在的差异。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断正确答案。 根据常识进行判断：中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了一定的判断能力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题，也是对学生知识面的检测。 根据语法知识进行推测：对于考查语法知识的考题，不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速解决问题。 运用词汇知识推测答案：完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语的搭配和同义词的辨析两大方面。要做好这类题目，首先要有较大的词汇量，较强的词语搭配能力，以及在语句中理解词义的能力，
7、做题时要结合上下文的语境，确定词的意义。2年中考2014年题组1【2014年湖南省娄底市中考】完形填空 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C 3个选项中，选出1个最佳答案。（共10小题，计10分）Mrs. Chen lives with her son and her daughter in Loudi. She is very busy. After school Mrs. Chen takes her 1 rom football to basketball. Then she has to take her daughter to piano lessons. The
8、tired children dont get 2 until 7 p.m. They have a quick 3 , and its time for homework.Most of the parents do the 4 things not only in Loudi but also in Changsha. They take their children from activity to activity. They want them to do things as many as possible. This makes children 5 too much press
9、ure(压力). Teachers say their students are very tired in the 6 and cant study well.Only a few of parents 7 about such pressure. They say “Parents send their kids to all kinds of classes when they are very 8 , its crazy. People shouldnt push their kids so hard.”Dr Li also says “Parents should give thei
10、r kids a bit more 9 to themselves. Children need organized(组织的) activities. They also need time to relax, and they need time to do things 10 .A. son B. daughter C. friendA. school B. homeC. stationA. breakfastB. lunch C. supperA. same B. differentC. happy来源A. across B. underC. overA. classroom B. be
11、droomC. libraryA. decide B. hurtC. knowA. easyB. oldC. youngA. books B. time C. fruitsA. by themselves B. of courseC. by the way2【2014年甘肃省兰州市中考】完形填空(共1 0小题：每小题l分，满分l 0分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。 The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence. Thats an old 1 in English. It means ot
12、her places often look better, more interesting than the place 2 you live. Some people worry 3 young Chinese are beginning to feel that way. They see young Chinese ignoring Chinese culture and, instead, 4 Japanese cartoon books, watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating western holidays. Forei
13、gn books and soap operas are good, 5 Chinese writers and actors are just as good. As for holidays, Christmas is nice, but it can 6 have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festival has, and the West has nothing to compare with Mid-autumn Festival. And lets not forget the part of Chinese culture I li
14、ke best: 7 friendliness. Not all countries are as 8 as China. Its good to enjoy other cultures and to learn 9 them, but they cannot replace your own culture. Its good to look on the other side of the fence, but 10 you take a good long look. You will find that the grass isnt always greener on the oth
15、er side of the fence.A. saying B. words C. voice D. talkA. why B. when C. where D. howA. if B. that C. what D. whetherA. buy B. refusing C. refused D. buyingA. but B. so C. or D. becauseA. always B. ever C. still D. neverA. it B. they C. its D. theirA. warmer B. warm C. co1d D. colderA. from B. with
16、 C. to D. overA. make up B. make sure C. make up of D. be sure to3. 【2014年福建省漳州市中考】完形填空(每小题15分，计15分) 从A、B、C三个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Its after 10：00 a.m and the kids are still sleepingIts Sundaya traditional day of 46 Most people have at least one day a week to take a restSome use that time to go to chu
17、rch，while some usually sleep in，watch TV，giving themselves the gift of a 47 day. We need to give ourselves a break ,and a little rest works well for almost 48 It doesnt really matter what the activity isThe idea is to give our body, mind ,and heart a chance to 49 If we keep going at full speed every
18、 day，we can be really tired Some people find 50 hard to take a real vacationAs a matter of fact，many people died early 51 they were too busy to have a break. Remember that we 52 work well if we never stop to take a restIt doesnt matter 53 we do thisPick anytime that works best for usand make it a pl
19、an 54 this and discuss it with othersThe idea here is that by giving ourselves a break and just enjoying aday off，we can make our lives 55 and create greater good in our world.Arest Bworking CentertainmentAtired Bbusy C1azyAsomebody Beverybody CnobodyAexercise Bdevelop CrelaxAit Bthis Cthat Athough
20、Bbecause CifAcant Bmustnt CneedntAwhen Bwhy ChowALook at BCare for CThink about Agood Bbetter Cbest 2015年题组1. 【广州市2015年初中毕业生学业考试英语】完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3645各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Kierman was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up near the sea. For more than 40 years, he
21、 raced in international sailing competitions. In 1987, Kierman was competing in an around-the-world race when he began to 36 the huge amount of rubbish in the worlds oceans. When he returned to Australia, he 37 to do something about it. He organized a community 38 called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour.” O
22、n Sunday, January 8, 1989, more than 40,000 volunteers came out to 39 away rubbish. The next year, Kierman made the clean-up a national event. It was a huge 40 . Across Australia, about 300,000 people spent the day improving their local 41 . Since then, “Clean Up Australia” has got 42 every year. In
23、 2002, for example,800,000 people cleaned up almost 15,000 tons of rubbish from Australias beaches, parks and streets. Kierman was 43 with the success of his project. In 2003, he started an even bigger program. With the 44 of the United Nations Environment Program, he introduced “Clean Up the World”
24、, an international program that supports communities around the world in cleaning up and protecting the environment. “Clean Up the World” has grown 45 and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world. 36. A. save B. collect C. notice D. produce 37. A. refused B. decided C. pret
25、ended D. stopped 38. A. law B. party C. company D. event 39. A. clear B. send C. turn D. give 40. A. problem B. success C. surprise D. failure 41. A. culture B. project C. government D. environment 42. A. older B. smaller C. bigger D. faster 43. A. happy B. angry C. disappointed D. concerned 44. A.
26、need B. help C. hope D. action 45. A. loudly B. gently C. rapidly D. busily 2. 【2015年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。The plane took off. A passenger needed a cup of water to take his medicine. An air hostess（空姐）told him that she would bring him the 56 soon
27、. But the air hostess was 57 busy that she forgot to bring him the water. 58 , the passenger couldnt take his medicine on time. About half an hour later, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he 59 it.In the following hours, each time she 60 the passenger, she would ask him with a smile w
28、hether he needed help or not. But the passenger 61 paid notice to her.When it was time to get off the 62 , the passenger asked her to hand him the passengers booklet（留言簿）, she was very 63 . She thought that he would 64 bad words in it, but with a smile she handed it to him.Off the plane, she opened
29、the booklet and then 65 . The passenger put it, “In the past few hours, you have asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve faithful（真诚的）smiles?”56. A. medicine B. water C. cup D. coffee57. A. very B. too C. quite D. so58. A. With her helpB. As a resu
30、lt C. On the one hand D. To tell the truth59. A. drank B. accepted C. refused D. received60. A. looked at B. listened to C. talked about D. passed by61. A. usually B. never C. sometimes D. often62. A. plane B. train C. ship D. bus63. A. interested B. happy C. excited D. sad64. A. break down B. get d
31、own C. write down D. go down65. A. smiled B. cried C. wondered D. worried3. 【湖北省荆州市2015年中考英语试题】完形填空。（共10分， 每小题1分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Once when Kevin was selling hats under a big tree, the monkeys on the tree picked some hats and put them on. So Kevin took off his own hat an
32、d threw 31 on the ground. The stupid monkeys threw their hats, too! Kevin soon 32 all the hats and left happily. Fifty years later, young Tony, 33 of Kevin, also sold hats for a living. 34 a long walk, Tony was tired, so he put his bag of hats beside him and laid down under a big tree. He was soon f
33、ast 35 .来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K When he woke up, Tony found that there werent any hats in his bag! Tony started looking for his hats. To his 36 , he found some monkeys on the tree wearing his hats. Tony didnt know what to do. Then he remembered the story his grandfather 37 used to tell him. “Yes! I can fool
34、 these monkeys!” said Tony. “Ill 38 them imitate (模仿) me and very soon I will get all my hats back!”来源:Z.xx.k.Com Tony then waved at the monkeys, the monkeys waved at him. Tony started dancing, the monkeys were also dancing. Tony threw his hat on the ground Just then, one of the monkeys jumped down
35、39 the tree, picked up the hat Tony threw on the ground and 40 up to Tony. He said, “Do you think only you had a grandfather?” 31. A. it B. its C. him D. his32.A. pointed B. put C. collected D. matched33.A. father B. son C. grandson D. friend 34. A. When B. After C. Before D. As35. A. alive B. afrai
36、d C. awake D. asleep36. A. pleasure B.interest C. value D. surprise37. A. recently B.luckily C. proudly D. angrily38.A. tell B. make C. promise D. realize39. A. from B. beside C. toward D. through40. A. put B. brought C. walked D. took 4. 【2015年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每
37、小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Few people like changing their habits, good or bad. Whether it is smoking, drinking or over-eating, they 16 “enjoying” them to the end. On every packet of cigarettes(香烟), people are warned against the 17 of smoking: “Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerou
38、s to Your Health”. 18 , millions of them start smoking or go on smoking. Why? Facts show that families and surroundings(环境) play a very important part in 19 smokers. All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking 20 or relatives. Films and TV plays also play a part. People 21 their “he
39、roes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or smoking cigarettes. “Heroes” seem to fear 22 , neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes. If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, 23 should common people be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does n
40、ot influence smokers habits. Even 24 warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer, dont seem to work. Knowing and believing seem to be two 25 things. If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say, it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it up!16.A. stopB. cont
41、inueC. finishD. avoid17.A. chances B. excusesC. causesD. dangers18.A. MoreoverB. AlsoC. HoweverD. Otherwise19.A. influencingB. explainingC. improvingD. describing20.A. parents B. unclesC. brothersD. friends21.A. hearB. catchC. watchD. face22.A. somethingB. nothingC. anythingD. everything23.A. whatB.
42、 howC. whenD. why24. A. stronger B. worseC. longerD. harder25.A. similar B. pleasantC. differentD. boring5. 【贵州省安顺市2015年中考英语试题】完形填空。（每小题1分，共15分）Mr. Clarke works in a middle school. He likes reading and often 33 some books from the library. He 34 to the radio every morning and reads 35 after supper.
43、So he knows much and teaches well. His 36 worship(崇拜)him very much. Mike， Mr. Clarkes little son， is only nine. He 37 likes reading books. And he often asks his father some questions. Mr. Clarke always thinks hes too 38 to understand him and chooses 39 ones to answer. Of course the boy is not satisfied with(对满意)it. One day Mike read 40 about the lights and was 41 it. When his father told him to do some housework， he went on thinking of it. He asked him 42 questions， and his father answered all. Then his father said proudly， “Fathers always know 43 than sons!” The boy thought