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1、Module 4Great Scientists 要要 点点 梳梳 理理 高效梳理高效梳理知识备考知识备考重点单词重点单词1producer n生产者生产者produce vt.生产生产production n产量产量2educate vt.教育教育education n教育教育educator n教育教育者者3agriculture n农业农业agricultural adj.农业的农业的4species n(动物或植物的动物或植物的)种种5original adj.原来的；最初的原来的；最初的origin n起源起源6publish vt.出版出版7support vt.支持支持8conv
2、ert vt.改变；转换改变；转换9export vt.出口出口import vt.进口进口10replace vt.取代；以取代；以代替代替11quantity n数量数量quality n质量质量12diagnose vt.诊断诊断13brief adj.简短的；简洁的简短的；简洁的briefly adv.简短地；简洁地简短地；简洁地14graduate vi.毕业毕业graduation n毕业毕业15personal adj.个人的个人的personally adv.个人地个人地16relativity n相对论相对论relative adj.相对的相对的 n亲戚亲戚17explode
3、 vi.爆炸爆炸explosion n爆炸；爆炸声爆炸；爆炸声18escape vi.逃跑；逃避逃跑；逃避重点短语重点短语1bring up培育，培育，培养培养2as a result of 由于由于结果结果3bring in 引进引进，带来带来4in brief 简洁地简洁地5earn ones living 谋生谋生6come to power 上台上台，掌权掌权7be known for 以以闻名闻名8convert to 转变为转变为9in a straight direction 朝一个笔直的方向朝一个笔直的方向10the key to doing sth. 做某事的关键做某事的关键
4、11well done 干得好干得好，真棒真棒12have/make a breakthrough 突破突破13be at war with. 与与处于战争状态处于战争状态14be attached to 被缚被缚/连接到连接到重点句型重点句型1Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他品种的水稻产量都要高得它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他品种的水稻产量都要高得多多。22/3 of the worlds population regularly
5、eat rice.世界有三分之二的人经常吃大米世界有三分之二的人经常吃大米。3But not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.但不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭但不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。4Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the worlds first astronaut?还是他会被运载数英里进入太空变成世界上第一位宇航员呢？还是他会被运载数英里进入太空变成世界上第一位宇航员呢？高考范文高考范文(2008辽宁卷辽宁卷)假定你是李华假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为准备参加学
6、校举办的主题为“健康成长健康成长”的的英语作文比赛英语作文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：主要内容包括：1乐观的人生态度；乐观的人生态度；2努力学习；努力学习；3参加体育锻炼参加体育锻炼。生词：态度生词：态度 attitude注意：注意：1.词数词数100左右；左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_范文范文We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things.Firstly, we should develo
7、p a good attitude to life. Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard time. We should be brave in front of difficulties. Secondly, we must study hard because knowledge is power. If we have the power, we can help to build our country and enjoy life better. In order to study well, we need to do
8、sports so that we can keep fit. We can go running, play ball games or simply take a walk after a days study. If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.考考 点点 探探 究究 互动探究互动探究能力备考能力备考.词汇短语过关词汇短语过关1support n&vt. 支持；拥护支持；拥护in support of 支持；赞成；拥护支持；赞成；拥护support oneself 自立
9、更生自立更生support ones family 养家养家support ones suggestion 赞同某人的建议赞同某人的建议support ones opinion 支持某人的想法支持某人的想法即学即练即学即练1(1)These measures _ _ _ _ environmental groups. 这些措施得到了环保组织的大力支持这些措施得到了环保组织的大力支持。(2)I can not _ my wife and children on such a small salary. 凭这么少的工资凭这么少的工资，我养活不了妻子和孩子我养活不了妻子和孩子。arestrongly
10、supportedbysupport(3)I promised to _ her _ 3,000 yuan.我答应赞助她我答应赞助她3 000元元。(4)When his father died, Jim was _ _ _.他父亲死后他父亲死后，吉姆成了真正的顶梁柱吉姆成了真正的顶梁柱。supportwithareal support2convert vt. 转变，变换；兑换转变，变换；兑换vi. (可可)转变为；兑换为；转而使用；改变信仰转变为；兑换为；转而使用；改变信仰convertion n. 转变，变换转变，变换convert sth. from sth. (into/to sth.
11、) 改变改变(某事物某事物)的的形式或用途形式或用途convert into/to sth. 改成改成convert sb. from sth. to sth. 使某人改变信仰使某人改变信仰即学即练即学即练2(1)I want to _ some Hong Kong dollars _ American dollars.我想把一些港元换成美元我想把一些港元换成美元。(2)At what rate do dollars _ _ pounds?美元以什么汇率兑成英镑？美元以什么汇率兑成英镑？convert intoconvertinto(3)John has _ _ Buddhism.约翰改信佛教
12、约翰改信佛教。convertedto3quantity n量；数量量；数量a quantity of一些一些a large/fair quantity of大量的大量的large quantities of大量的大量的，许多的许多的in quantity大量地大量地注意：注意：a quantity/quantities of即可修饰可数名词，也可修饰即可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，不可数名词，a quantity ofn.作主语时，谓语形式用单数，作主语时，谓语形式用单数，quantities ofn.作主语时，谓语动词用复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。即学即练即学即练3(1)Your
13、work has improved in _ and _ this term.本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高。(2)Quantities of arms _ discovered hidden in the trucks.卡车上发现藏有大量武器卡车上发现藏有大量武器。quantityqualitywere(3)A large quantity of food _ being carried there.大批粮食正被运往那里大批粮食正被运往那里。(4)Its a lot cheaper if you buy it _ _.如果你大批量购买要便宜得多如果你
14、大批量购买要便宜得多。isinquantity4escape vi. 逃脱；逃走；逃脱；逃走；vt. 避免；免除避免；免除escape from 从从逃脱逃脱，逃走逃走escapen./doing sth. 避免避免(做做)某事某事即学即练即学即练4(1)The bird has _ _ its cage.小鸟已从笼中逃掉了小鸟已从笼中逃掉了。(2)Is the gas _ somewhere?是不是有地方漏气？是不是有地方漏气？escaped fromescaping(3)How can we _ _/_ _？我们怎样才不会被人发现？我们怎样才不会被人发现？(4)His name _ _ f
15、or the moment.我一时想不起他的名字来我一时想不起他的名字来。escapeobservationbeing observedescapes me5clear vt. 使清澈，使清楚，扫清使清澈，使清楚，扫清vi. 变清澈；变清澈；(天天)变晴变晴adj. 清澈的；晴；清晰的；畅通的清澈的；晴；清晰的；畅通的clear off 离去；迅速地离开某地离去；迅速地离开某地clear out 离开；逃走；彻底清理离开；逃走；彻底清理clear up 解释；使明了；整理；解释；使明了；整理；(天天)放晴；放晴；(人人)喜笑颜开喜笑颜开clear away 收拾收拾，整理整理clear one
16、s head/mind 放松；保持清醒放松；保持清醒make.clear 清楚表明清楚表明，讲清楚讲清楚be clear of debt 还清了债还清了债keep clear of 不接触不接触，避开避开即学即练即学即练5(1)Youd better _ _ the rubbish now.你最好现在把垃圾清理走你最好现在把垃圾清理走。(2)We spent all Saturday morning _ _.我们整个星期六上午都在打扫卫生我们整个星期六上午都在打扫卫生。(3)I _ _ _ _ him that I rejected his proposal.我清禁地告诉他我拒绝了他的建议我清
17、禁地告诉他我拒绝了他的建议。clear awayclearingupmadeitclearto6bring in 引进；引来；赚得引进；引来；赚得bring about引起；致使；造成；达成引起；致使；造成；达成bring along/on带来带来bring back使记起；归还；恢复使记起；归还；恢复bring down使减低；降低；挫伤使减低；降低；挫伤(傲气傲气)bring forth引起；提出；产生；造成引起；提出；产生；造成bring forward提出；出示；展示提出；出示；展示bring out揭露；显示揭露；显示，解释；出版解释；出版bring to(oneself)使复苏使复
18、苏bring up养育；提出；呕吐养育；提出；呕吐即学即练即学即练6(1)Experts _ _ _ to advise the government.请来了专家担当政府顾问请来了专家担当政府顾问。(2)This will _ them _ several thousand yuan.这将使他们得到几千块钱的收益这将使他们得到几千块钱的收益。were broughtinbringin(3)Farmers in the south have also _ _ good crops.南方的农民也获得了好收成南方的农民也获得了好收成。(4)I shall _ _ this question at t
19、he next meeting.这个问题我要在下次会议上提出这个问题我要在下次会议上提出。broughtinbring up7come to/into power(开始开始)掌权；上台掌权；上台in ones power为某人力所能及为某人力所能及in power当权的当权的，掌权的掌权的take/seize power夺取政权夺取政权beyond ones power力所不能及力所不能及within ones power力所能及力所能及put.into power使执政；使上台使执政；使上台do all in ones power尽力尽力，竭尽全力竭尽全力fall from power下野下
20、野，下台下台即学即练即学即练7(1)De Gaulle _ _ _ in 1958.戴高乐从戴高乐从1958年开始执政年开始执政。(2)Its _ _ _ to help you.我没有能力帮助你我没有能力帮助你。(3)The masses _ the Labor Party _ _.群众让工党上台执政群众让工党上台执政。(4)The communists _/_ _ in 1962.在在1962年共产党取得政权年共产党取得政权。came to powerbeyondmypowerputintopowerseizedtookpower.重点句型详解重点句型详解1Its yield is muc
21、h greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他水它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他水稻的产量都要高很多。稻的产量都要高很多。本句是一个用本句是一个用much修饰比较级的句型修饰比较级的句型。much修饰比较级修饰比较级，意为意为“得多得多”。修饰比较级的常见词还有：修饰比较级的常见词还有：a little, a bit, a lot, rather, by far, far, even, still, any, no等等。He is much older, but much more
22、 energetic than I am.虽然他年龄很大虽然他年龄很大，但比我精力充沛但比我精力充沛。She is feeling a lot better today.今天她感觉好多了今天她感觉好多了。The patient looked still worse today than yesterday.病人看上去比昨天状态更差病人看上去比昨天状态更差。She speaks English far better than her classmates.她比她的同学们英语说得好她比她的同学们英语说得好。I did rather worse this time.这次我做得相当糟这次我做得相当糟。
23、即境活用即境活用1What did you think of your visit to the museum?I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I expected.Asome more interestingBa lot interestingCfar more interestingDeven much interesting解析：由空后的解析：由空后的than知应用比较级，而知应用比较级，而some不能用来修饰不能用来修饰比较级，比较级，far则可以。则可以。答案：答案：C2Or was he carried miles into space
24、, becoming the worlds first astronaut? 还是他会被运载数英里进入太空变成世界上还是他会被运载数英里进入太空变成世界上第一名宇航员呢？第一名宇航员呢？becoming the worlds first astronaut 在句子中作结果状语在句子中作结果状语。Football is played in over 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.在在80多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动，使它成为世界上最使它成为世界上最受欢迎的一项运动受欢迎的一项
25、运动。They have been discussing the problem for 2 hours, reaching no agreement at last.他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时，最后也没达成协议最后也没达成协议。提示：提示：(1)分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句中主语一致。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句中主语一致。Hearing the news, they got excited.听到消息，他们都很兴奋。听到消息，他们都很兴奋。(2)比较：分词短语表示结果与不定式表示结果的区别：分词比较：分词短语表示结果与不定式表示结果的区别：分词短语表
26、示动作自身造成的必然结果；不定式表示出乎意料的短语表示动作自身造成的必然结果；不定式表示出乎意料的结果。结果。His parents died, leaving him an orphan.他父母去世，使他成了孤儿。他父母去世，使他成了孤儿。I hurried there, only to find the door locked.我匆匆赶到那里，结果发现门锁着。我匆匆赶到那里，结果发现门锁着。即境活用即境活用2(1)A lot of coal miners died on the job last year, _ the local government to shut nearly 500
27、 small mines in Shanxi Province alone.Aforcing Bto forceCforced Dhas forced解析：现在分词作结果状语。解析：现在分词作结果状语。答案：答案：A(2)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record of US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.Ahave reached BreachingCto reach Dto be reaching解析：现在分词作状语，表结果。解析：现在分词作状语，表结果。答
28、案：答案：B易易 错错 点点 拨拨 自我完善自我完善误区备考误区备考escape/escape from/flee三者都含有三者都含有“逃跑逃跑”的意思的意思，但侧重有所不同。，但侧重有所不同。(1)escape强调强调“逃避逃避，逃脱逃脱(不愉快的事不愉快的事)”，这个意义这个意义不用被动式不用被动式。含有成功逃脱的意味含有成功逃脱的意味。(2)escape from指指“从从(监禁监禁，管制中管制中)逃脱逃脱，逃走逃走”或或是指是指(“气体气体，液体等液体等)漏出漏出，泄露泄露”，含有成功逃脱的含有成功逃脱的意味意味。(3)flee“逃离逃离”，不表示逃跑的结果成功与否不表示逃跑的结果成功
29、与否。应用应用1(1)He was caught trying to _ the country.他企他企图逃出国时被抓住了图逃出国时被抓住了。(2)She was lucky to _ punishment.她逃脱惩罚真是幸运她逃脱惩罚真是幸运。(3)She managed to _ _ the burning car.她终于从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来她终于从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。fleeescapeescapefrom2. 现在分词作状语的用法现在分词作状语的用法应用应用2(1)The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area.Acaused Bto
30、 have causedCto cause Dhaving caused答案：答案：D(2)He sent me an email, _ to get further information.Ahoped BhopingCto hope Dhope答案：答案：B(3)The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here.Ahaving added Bto addCadding Dadded答案：答案：C(4)Daddy didnt mind wha
31、t we were doing, as long as we were together, _ fun.Ahad BhaveCto have Dhaving答案：答案：D高高 效效 作作 业业 自我测评自我测评技能备考技能备考.单项填空单项填空1What a hard life they _！ You should have helped them.Ahad BledCplayed Dmade答案：答案：B解析：解析：lead a hard life 过着艰难的生活。过着艰难的生活。2The strange man went out with a word “God bless you”， _
32、 me astonished there.Amaking BleavingCgetting Dhaving答案：答案：B解析：解析：leave sb. astonished使某人处于十分惊讶的状态。使某人处于十分惊讶的状态。3Though he didnt agree with us at first, we soon _ him to our way of thinking.Aconverted BtransferredCmodified Dexchanged答案：答案：A解析：解析：convert sb. to sth. 使某人相信某事。使某人相信某事。transfer 迁移，迁移，转移；
33、转移；modify 修改，变更；修改，变更；exchange 交换。交换。4If immigrants are given the right to stay in Britain, some say it would _ up to 1 billion in extra tax revenue.Abring in Bbring aboutCbring up Dbring out答案：答案：A解析：考查动词短语。解析：考查动词短语。bring in带来，收入带来，收入(钱钱)；bring about引起，导致；引起，导致；bring up抚养，提出；抚养，提出；bring out出版，出版，使
34、表现出。使表现出。5Courage is one of the best _ of a good soldier.Aquality BquantityCqualification Dfeature答案：答案：A解析：指解析：指“品质品质”用用 quality。quantity数量；数量； qualification资格；资格；feature特色；特征。特色；特征。6You were lucky to escape _.Apunished Bfrom punishingCbeing punished Dfrom being punished答案：答案：C解析：解析：escape being pu
35、nishedescape punishment 逃逃过受罚。过受罚。7The mystery was _ when he admitted he had been there all the time.Acleared out Bcleared awayCcleared up Dcleared off答案：答案：C解析：解析：clear up 在此指在此指“解释，使明了解释，使明了”。8He didnt pass the exam _ his long absence from school.Aas a result Bafter allCas a result of Dbecause答案：答
36、案：C解析：句意为：由于长时间不上学他没有通过考试。解析：句意为：由于长时间不上学他没有通过考试。as a result of因为；因为；as a result结果；结果；after all毕竟；毕竟；because“因为因为”，但它要引导一个句子，故可排除。，但它要引导一个句子，故可排除。9_ from Columbia University, Obama went to Harvard University for further study.AGraduating BGraduatedCHaving graduated DHaving been graduated答案：答案：C解析：句意
37、为：从哥伦比亚大学毕业后，奥巴马去了哈佛大解析：句意为：从哥伦比亚大学毕业后，奥巴马去了哈佛大学继续深造。学继续深造。graduate的逻辑主语是的逻辑主语是Obama，为主动式，为主动式，因此排除因此排除B、D两项，又因毕业发生在前，因此应选用完两项，又因毕业发生在前，因此应选用完成式。成式。10How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?The key _ the problems is to meet the demand _ by the customers.Ato solvin
38、g; making Bto solving; madeCto solve; making Dto solve; made答案：答案：B解析：解决这些问题的关键是满足顾客提出的要求。解析：解决这些问题的关键是满足顾客提出的要求。the key to doing.意为意为“做做的关键的关键”。11Mum, it is nice weather. I want to skate this afternoon.Dont you think the ice on the lake is too thin to _ your weight?Astand BcatchCsupport Dtake答案：答案：
39、C解析：表示解析：表示“负担、支撑负担、支撑”要用要用 support。too thin to support your weight 太薄承受不住你的重量。太薄承受不住你的重量。stand, take 意为意为“容忍、忍受容忍、忍受”，常与，常与 cant 或或 couldnt 连用。连用。12Dont worry. Ill have it _ and get someone_ it to you tomorrow.Atyped; send Bto type; to sendCtype; send Dtyped; to send答案：答案：D解析：解析：have sth. done 使某事让
40、别人来做；使某事让别人来做；get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事。让某人做某事。13Quantities of food _ to the flooded area.Ais shipping Bare shippingCis being shipped Dare being shipped答案：答案：D解析：解析：quantities of 修饰名词，谓语用复数，且该句中应用修饰名词，谓语用复数，且该句中应用被动语态，故选被动语态，故选D。14The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago.Aw
41、hen BwhichCthat Dwhere答案：答案：D解析：句意为：这个村子已经有了很大发展，两年前我们曾解析：句意为：这个村子已经有了很大发展，两年前我们曾在这里学习农耕。在定语从句中已有主语在这里学习农耕。在定语从句中已有主语 we，谓语动词，谓语动词 learned，宾语，宾语 farming和时间状语和时间状语 two years ago, 只缺只缺地点状语，所以排除前三项，选地点状语，所以排除前三项，选D。15Now, where is my purse?_！ Well be late for the picnic.ATake your time BDont worryCCome
42、 on DTake it easy答案：答案：C解析：解析：Come on “快点！快点！”用于催促别人。用于催促别人。.阅读理解阅读理解 AOne of Britains most popular reality TV programmes has returned to our screens for a fifth series. The Apprentice sees 16 ambitious individuals competing for a job with electronics tycoon(巨头巨头) Sir Alan Sugar.The Apprentice is a
43、BAFTA award winning British reality television series in which a group of aspiring young businessmen and women compete for the chance to win a 100,000ayear job as “apprentice” to the British business tycoon Alan Sugar, The Baron Sugar. Winners have gone on to work at Amstrad, an electronics manufact
44、uring company founded by Sir Alan (but since sold to BSkyB), or one of Sugars other companies, Viglen, Amsprop of Amshold. The Apprentice, billed as a “job interview from hell”， is similar in format to the American series of the same name, which stars the entrepreneur Donald Trump.With endless talk
45、of financial crisis, redundancies(过剩过剩) and cut backs, it may come as no surprise that thousands of brave hopefuls applied for the show. The chosen 16 will compete in a series of business tasks and do their best to escape elimination. Not one of them wants to hear the fateful words: youre fired.It s
46、hould also be noted that this years apprentices are not going to be allowed to forget the terrible economic climate quite so easily. At the launch of this years TV show, Sir Alan announced that some episodes have been “specifically made towards recognition of what difficult times we are in”The tasks
47、 will as usual be tough tests of business wisdom, teamworking and leadership skill. They will also make for some funny viewing. British viewers will be shaking their heads in disbelief at the crazy decisions of the wanna be apprentices. But perhaps the most entertaining feature of the show will be w
48、atching the hopefuls squirm(局促不安局促不安) and quarrel in the boardroom. It is here they will have to explain just why they have failed each task so badly.What drives people to take part in the show is difficult to say. Some are clearly motivated by the promise of a sixfigure salary and some claim they w
49、ant the experience of working with a successful businessman such as Sir Alan. One thing is for sure, the contestants will all gain some level of celebrity. The show is a regular ratings winner.To date, there has been one big winner and that is the shows creator, Mark Burnett. Originating in the US,
50、The Apprentices winning format has been copied all over the world and with the hype(炒作炒作) surrounding this latest series, it looks as though the show will have success for many years to come.1Whats the aim of contestants taking part in The Apprentice?ATo acquire a good job.BTo meet famous people.CTo