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1、 因为答案信息点有的在空格前因为答案信息点有的在空格前, 有的在有的在空格后空格后, 有的在前文和后文都有出现有的在前文和后文都有出现, 需要需要综合考虑或起相互印证的作用。有时综合考虑或起相互印证的作用。有时, 还要还要根据上、下文提供的信息根据上、下文提供的信息, 结合常识结合常识, 进行进行适当的逻辑推理适当的逻辑推理, 才可得出正确答案。才可得出正确答案。 根据上述对广东高考完形填空的命题研根据上述对广东高考完形填空的命题研究究, 我们归纳了以下一些解题方法：我们归纳了以下一些解题方法：1. 上下求索上下求索寻信息寻信息例例1 The school decided that when
2、the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27 who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on 28 .(2010广东广东)27. A. parents B. students C. teachers D. drivers28. A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier解析：解析：27题的答案信息点在空格后的题的答案信息点在空格后的and students
3、 who.中中, 关键词是关键词是students, 故选故选B。28题的答案题的答案信息点在空格前信息点在空格前, 关键词是关键词是first, 故选故选B。例例2 One afternoon, I was out exploring. and saw a new kind of cactus (仙人掌仙人掌). I crouched (蹲蹲) down for a closer look. “Youd better not 47 that.” I turned around to see an old woman.“Would you like to come to my home tom
4、orrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldnt touch.”(湖南湖南)A. breakB. pickC. pull D. touch解析解析: 此题若不读到文章最后一句的最后一个单此题若不读到文章最后一句的最后一个单词词, 很难确定填很难确定填touch, 选选D。 答题时答题时, 眼睛不能只盯在空格上或眼睛不能只盯在空格上或只盯在空格所在的这一个句子上只盯在空格所在的这一个句子上, 一定一定要要“左顾右盼左顾右盼”, 弄清前后的习惯搭配弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。注意或句式结构。注意, 常常不止一个
5、选项常常不止一个选项前后可以构成搭配关系前后可以构成搭配关系, 这时需要根据这时需要根据上下文的意思来定夺。上下文的意思来定夺。2. 左顾右盼左顾右盼找搭配找搭配例例3 On April 12, 1888, Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper 21 his brother for him and.(2009广东广东)A. foundB. misunderstoodC. mistookD. judged解析：解析：四个选项中四个选项中, 能与后面能与后面for搭配的搭配的, 只只有有misto
6、ok, 即即mistake A for B (将将A误以误以为为B), 故选故选C。例例4 Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to 28 the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who.(2009广东广东)A. establish B. form C. develop D. promote解析：解析：根据动宾搭配根据动宾搭配, 在四个选项中在四个选项中, 能与名词能与名词the Nobel prizes(诺贝尔奖诺贝尔奖)搭配的搭配的,
7、只有只有establish (设立设立), 即即“设立诺贝尔奖设立诺贝尔奖”。用他的大部分钱去。用他的大部分钱去“构成构成/开发开发/促进促进”诺贝尔奖诺贝尔奖, 是讲不通的是讲不通的。 有时有时, , 若单独看空格处或空格所若单独看空格处或空格所在句在句, ,其中两个、三个甚至四个选项填其中两个、三个甚至四个选项填入格中都不错入格中都不错, , 句子也通顺句子也通顺, , 但结合全但结合全文内容来理解文内容来理解, , 就只有一个是最佳答就只有一个是最佳答案了。因此案了。因此, , 选择答案时选择答案时, , 一定要考虑一定要考虑到此选项不但在本句中合符语境到此选项不但在本句中合符语境, ,
8、 而而且要在全文中也讲得通且要在全文中也讲得通, , 即贯通全文。即贯通全文。3. 思前想后思前想后通全文通全文例例5 Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great 29 to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences.A. additionsB. sacrificesC. changesD. co
9、ntributions解析：解析：若单独看空格处若单独看空格处, 选项选项B、C、D都可以填都可以填, make great sacrifices“作出巨作出巨大牺牲大牺牲”, make great changes“发生巨发生巨大变化大变化”, make great contributions“作作出巨大贡献出巨大贡献”; 从文章内容或常识来看从文章内容或常识来看, 诺贝尔奖金应当是奖给那些为世界和平、诺贝尔奖金应当是奖给那些为世界和平、文学和科学事业文学和科学事业“作出过巨大贡献作出过巨大贡献”的的人人,故只能选故只能选D。例例6 Alfred Nobel became a milliona
10、ire and changed the ways of mining, construction, and warfare as the inventor of dynamite (炸炸药药).the article read. “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became 23 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.” .Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to.A. fa
11、mous B. sick C. rich D. popular解析：解析：若单独看空前的若单独看空前的became, 填四个填四个选项都没有语法错误选项都没有语法错误, 但是由前文中的但是由前文中的became a millionaire和后文和后文give the largest part of his money可知可知, rich为最为最佳答案佳答案, 故选故选C。 重视首句信息重视首句信息, 跳过空格跳过空格, 浏览全文浏览全文, 从整体上感知全文从整体上感知全文, 理解短文大意理解短文大意, 这这是解题的基础。这一步非常重要是解题的基础。这一步非常重要, 万万万万不可忽视。不可忽视。
12、1. 通读全文通读全文, 理解大意理解大意 在理解短文大意的情况下在理解短文大意的情况下, , 结合各选项结合各选项的意义和用法的意义和用法, , 特别是与前后词语的搭配特别是与前后词语的搭配, , 上下文的意义关系等上下文的意义关系等, , 先解决那些自己有把先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题握的问题。对少数难题, , 暂时跳过暂时跳过, , 或许在或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示了者明显的提示了, , 或许一个在前面不能解答或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。2. 瞻前顾
13、后瞻前顾后, 避难就易避难就易 借助已经补全的空格借助已经补全的空格, 我们已对全文有我们已对全文有了更清楚的理解了更清楚的理解, 可以集中解决所遗留的个可以集中解决所遗留的个别难题。别难题。 全部做好后全部做好后, 考生务必要结合自己选择考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容的答案重新阅读短文内容, 确保全文文意连确保全文文意连贯。贯。3. 复读全文复读全文, 解决残敌解决残敌4. 再次复读再次复读, 弥补疏漏弥补疏漏 根据广东高考完形填空题的特根据广东高考完形填空题的特点点, 只要了解上述三个原则只要了解上述三个原则, 遵循四遵循四个步骤个步骤 ,灵活运用以下五个技巧灵活运用以下五个
14、技巧, 任任何完形难题都可得到顺利解决。望何完形难题都可得到顺利解决。望同学们一定要理解、掌握以下五个同学们一定要理解、掌握以下五个技巧。技巧。 某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中共同出某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中共同出现的倾向性现的倾向性, 叫词语同现叫词语同现, 也有人称之为也有人称之为“词词场场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系。同现词之间有反义或相对关系, 或者或者同类互补关系等同类互补关系等, 如如 different与与 same; cruel与与friendly; death (死亡死亡)与与destruction(毁灭毁灭); ill与与pale, patient, nurse, doc
15、tor, operation等等。1. 词语同现词语同现 一个语篇往往会围绕着某一主题或话一个语篇往往会围绕着某一主题或话题题, , 与此相关的词就可能会共同出现与此相关的词就可能会共同出现, , 以实以实现语篇衔接。如现语篇衔接。如20112011年广东高考完形填空年广东高考完形填空的短文的短文, , 是围绕把优生从普通班里分离出去是围绕把优生从普通班里分离出去会带来严重问题这一主题展开的会带来严重问题这一主题展开的, , 涉及这一涉及这一主题的可能有主题的可能有“ “普通班普通班” “” “特殊班特殊班” “” “优生优生” “” “普普通生通生” ”, , 以及以及“ “学校学校” “”
16、 “老师老师” “” “学习学习” ”等等等等, , 因此因此, special, gifted, intelligent, top, regular, average, school, classes, teachers, children, learning这些相互关联的词语就很可能会同这些相互关联的词语就很可能会同时出现在语篇之中时出现在语篇之中。 了解词语同现了解词语同现, 对正确解答完对正确解答完形填空题很有帮助。请运用词语同形填空题很有帮助。请运用词语同现的技巧现的技巧, 解答以下高考真题解答以下高考真题, 并说并说明正确选项与哪些词同现。明正确选项与哪些词同现。1. (2011广
17、东广东)The argument has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的智力的) growth by 2 situation that has designed for the average children. A. designing B. groupingC. learning D. living1.C与与classes, children, intellectual同现同现的单词的单词, 很可能是很可能是learning。
18、C. learning2. (2010广东广东)You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to 24 the building. A. enter B. leave C. open D. close2.A因有因有push(推推)就有就有pull(拉拉), 有有go out of(出去出去)就会有就会有enter(进入进入), 这就是词语这就是词语同现。同现。A. enter3.(2010广东广东)When I
19、 first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different doors and they had distinct functions.This was new to me, because we use the 25 door in South Korea. A. main B. same C. front D. back3. B美国的门与韩国的门进行对比美国的门与韩国的门进行对比, 因因same与与different是词语同现。是词语同现。B. same4. (2010广东广东)The school
20、decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, students who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on 28 .A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier4. B 因与因与first同现的应是同现的应是later。B. later5. (2009广东广东)To make sure that he was remembe
21、red with love and respect. Nobel arranged in his 27 to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, .Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about. A. book B. article C. will D. contract5.C与与die(死死), arrange(安排后事安排后事)具有相关性具有相关性的词同现的应当是的词同现的应当是will(遗嘱遗嘱)。C. w
22、ill6. (2008广东广东)These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale. A. sick B. slimC. short D. small6. A与与pale同现的单词同现的单词, 应是应是sick。A. sick7. (2007广东广东)All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to access your PC. No more 24 , confusing passwords to remember or change every few months.
23、A. simpleB. complicatedC. specialD. useful7. B 与与confusing(易混的易混的)同现的单词同现的单词, 应当应当是是complicated(复杂的复杂的), 共同修饰共同修饰passwords。B. complicated8. (2009山东山东)Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about Christmas plans. .Weeks passed and the excitement over the coming Christmas
24、 grew into restlessness until the last day of 46 before the holiday break.A. schoolB. yearC. educationD. program 8. A因因school与前面的与前面的students属词语同现。属词语同现。A. school9. (2011辽宁辽宁)This year I decided to do something to regain my good name as a kindly uncle. My 36 Tony, had never forgiven me for the dicti
25、onary I had bought him as a birthday present last year.A. cousinB. daughterC. grandsonD. nephew9. D 因因nephew与前面的与前面的uncle属词语同现。属词语同现。D. nephew10.(2004江苏江苏)On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.A. sunnyB. rainyC. cloudyD. snowy10.D与与heavy clothes和和woolen gloves同同现的现的, 应是应是sno
26、wy days。D. snowy 词语复现是指某一个词以原词词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重复或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重复出现出现 。语篇中的句子通过复现关系。语篇中的句子通过复现关系达到相互衔接的目的。达到相互衔接的目的。2. 词语复现词语复现 词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现现(又叫同根词复现又叫同根词复现)、同义或近义词复现、同义或近义词复现(包包括与近义词的同根词复现括与近义词的同根词复现, 如如ill与与sickness)、上下义词复现上下义词复现(即总括与分述即总括与分述, 如如animal 是是sheep, tiger
27、, wolf等的上义词等的上义词; rose 是是flower 的下义词的下义词)等。等。 了解词语复现这种衔接手段了解词语复现这种衔接手段, 有助于快有助于快速准确地解答完形填空题。请运用词语复现速准确地解答完形填空题。请运用词语复现的技巧的技巧, 解答以下高考真题解答以下高考真题, 并指出正确选项并指出正确选项与哪个词是何种类别的复现。与哪个词是何种类别的复现。1. (2011广东广东) It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.There can be litt
28、le doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However，. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative1. B 与前段第一句中与前段第一句中special classes的的special是原词复现。是原词复现。B. special2. (2008广东广东)There were many ways to prevent this from happening: hanging
29、 a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his fathers clothes were just two of the recommended 27 . A. cases B. tools C. steps D. methods2.D因因methods与前文中的与前文中的ways同义词复现。同义词复现。 D. methods3. (2011广东广东)Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest
30、 in learning. However, this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students. A. concernB. conclusionC. reflectionD. interest3. A因因concern (n.担心担心)与上文的与上文的concerned (adj.担心的担心的)是同源词复现或同根词复现。是同源词复现或同根词复现。A. concern4. (2011广东广东) However, this concern is more often from parents and teacher
31、s than from students, and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are talented. A. studentsB. adultsC. scholarsD. teachers4.B因因adults是上文是上文parents and teachers的的上义词上义词, 即这是上下义词复现即这是上下义词复现, 故选故选B。B. adults5. (2011陕西陕西)The first could not stand seeing the p
32、overty, so he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons and shared them out among the villagers. He wished them all the best of luck, and he left. The second rich man, seeing the worrying situation, stopped for a short time and gave the 32 all his food and drink, since he could see that money wou
33、ld be of little use to them. A. villagersB. servantsC. othersD. rest5.A与前段中的与前段中的villagers属于原词重现。属于原词重现。A. villagers6. (2011辽宁辽宁)We went into a big shop, but Tony was very particular about 42 . Although I tried to show him toy after toy, he was not to be pleased. A. sweetsB. toysC. clothesD. books6.
34、 B 与后面的与后面的toy属于原词重现。属于原词重现。B. toys7. (2011北京北京) When I first started attending the practice sessions, I didnt even know the rules of the game, much less what I was doing. I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 49 and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating.A. steps B. orders C.
35、 rules D. games7.C与前面的与前面的rules属于原词重现。属于原词重现。C. rules8.(2011浙江浙江)Although I love my life, it hasnt been a lot of fun as Ive been ill for 28 years. Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my 21 was more manageable, I enjoyed ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, p
36、laying and singing folk songs.A. loneliness B. sadnessC. tirednessD. sickness8.D因因sickness与与ill(ness)属近义词复现。属近义词复现。D. sickness9. (2011安徽卷安徽卷)When I began planning to move to Auckland to study, my mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences. Ignoring these 36 , I got there in Jul
37、y 2010.A. doubts B. concernsC. instructions D. reasons9. B因因concerns与与worried属于近义词复现。属于近义词复现。B. concerns10. (2011山东山东) I cant recall any of the songs that the band played. I just 48 that I really enjoyed the show and didnt want it to finish.A. realizeB. understandC. believeD. remember10.D因因remember与
38、与recall属近义词复现。属近义词复现。D. remember11. (2011四川四川)We fell in love. In the beginning, I didnt want to discuss 32 , because the sadness of losing Mum still felt great. Paul understood that and never pushed me. But, by summer, we got married.A. travelB. businessC. childrenD. marriage11.D因因marriage与与married
39、属于同词根复现。属于同词根复现。D. marriage12. (2011重庆重庆) My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at 36 . As for me, I learned both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.I swam to Dad quic
40、kly and assisted him in climbing onto the hull(船壳船壳)of the boat. A. boatingB. runningC. swimmingD. teaching12.C因因swimming与与swam属同词根重现。属同词根重现。C. swimming13. (2010全国全国) 55 isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.A. AdventureB. BeautyC. TrustD. Life13.D因因Life与与live属同词根复现。
41、属同词根复现。D. Life14. (2011辽宁辽宁) His 37 had no reason to be thankful to me either, because the year before, I had presented their dear son with a pot of paste (浆糊浆糊)and some funny pictures. A. friendsB. parentsC. classmatesD. brothers14. B因因parents与后面的与后面的son属上下义重现。属上下义重现。B. parents15.(2010上海上海)Have I g
42、iven my readers all of the 63 , that is, facts, opinions, inferences that they need in order to understand my main idea?A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints15.C因因information与后面的与后面的facts, opinions, inferences属上下义复现。属上下义复现。 C. information16. (2010全国全国)The gentleman said no and told me that h
43、e needed to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 43 . Now I realize that in marriages, true love is acceptance of all that. The happiest people dont necessarily have the best of everything.A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister16.B因后面的因后面的marriages与与wife属上下义复现。属上下义复现。 B. wife17. (2010陕西
44、陕西)I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat, and he smiled at me, I watched for a while. But nothing happened. Disappointedly, I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of 39 , ” I thought.A. words B. effort C. space D. money17.D因因money与前面的与前面的coins属上下义复现。属上下义复现。D. money18.(2009重庆重庆)A sudden ch
45、ange in 39 is another factor. In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily.A. temperatureB. seasonC. placeD. condition18.A因因temperature与后面的与后面的hot, cold属于上属于上下义复现。下义复现。 A. temperature19. (2010湖北湖北) For two weeks, Mark accompanied Susan to and f
46、rom work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other 40 , specifically her hearing, to determine where she was.A. feeling B. organs C. skills D. senses19.D因因senses与后面的与后面的hearing属于上下属于上下义复现。义复现。D. senses20. (2009天津天津) To the first he waved and smiled in just the same way he had done to me over
47、the last few days. The kids already had the window down and were happily waving their reply. The second car got the same 28 from the crossing guard.A. idea B. reply C. notice D. greeting20.D因因greeting与与waved属近义词复现。属近义词复现。 D. greeting3. 逻辑推理逻辑推理 根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断正确答根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断正确答案案, 逻辑关系包括因果关系、对比关系、并逻辑
48、关系包括因果关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系、列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系、条件与结果的关系等。从五年来的广东高条件与结果的关系等。从五年来的广东高考完形填空题来看考完形填空题来看, 最多的是利用因果关系最多的是利用因果关系来推断正确答案。来推断正确答案。 请运用逻辑推断请运用逻辑推断, 解答以下试题解答以下试题, 并指并指出正确选项是根据什么逻辑关系推断出来出正确选项是根据什么逻辑关系推断出来的。的。1.(2011广东广东)In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they (intellig
49、ent children) began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program. A. directly B. cleverlyC. voluntarilyD. quickly1. C因为因为having no worry about keeping up(因为因为不担心跟不上不担心跟不上), 所以所以“自动地自动地(voluntarily)”考虑考虑许多问题许多问题, 因果推断。因果推断。(现在分词短语表示原因现在分词短语表示原因)。C. voluntarily2. (2011广东
50、广东) Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning. A. doubtedB. boredC. worriedD. tired2.B由与之并列的由与之并列的lose interest,可知是可知是become bored。也可这样理解。也可这样理解, 因为厌烦因为厌烦, 所以才失所以才失去兴趣。去兴趣。(此处的此处的and表示结果表示结果, 前面是原因前面是原因)B. bored3. (2008广东广东) These tell the story of a mother whos