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1、虚拟语气虚拟语气 The Subjunctive Mood (I)Unit 1 Book 6英语动词有三种语气，英语动词有三种语气， 陈述陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气陈述语气 (The Indicative Mood):用来陈述用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。定、疑问或感叹等形式。I am not interested in what you said.Have you ever been to France?What a splendid palace!We had many trees
2、 planted last year .祈使语气祈使语气(The Imperative Mood),用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。或劝告等。 Lets have a talk. Dont jump in the queue. Open the door ,please .虚拟语气虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)定义：表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能定义：表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设。发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设。 If I were you, I would go there. I wi
3、sh I were a bird flying in the sky. I suggest you should follow your fathers advice .1.If I had enough money, I would go on a trip to Shanghai.2.If I were you, I would study English very hard .3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happe
4、ned.与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与过去事实相反5.If we should have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.6. If we had three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.与将来事实相反(should不能省略不能省略)一：虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语
5、形式现在过去未来过去时（were）过去完成时Would/could/should/might +V.（原）Would/could/should/might+have+V-ed1.过去时2.should+V.3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V.（原）1.If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.2.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it no
6、t for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.3.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.4.If there should be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?假设条件虚拟倒装假设条件虚拟倒装: 条件从句中有条件从句中有sho
7、uld， were， had三个助动词可以把三个助动词可以把if省略，并将省略，并将这三个词提至句首。这三个词提至句首。Exercises: If I _(be) you, I would get up early in the morning. If you _(ask) him, he might tell you. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _(come), she would have met my brother. If he had not lost his money, he _ the piano last w
8、eek. would buy B. had bought C. could have bought D. boughtaskedwerehad comeC(should ask /were to ask)5.They would go out even if it tomorrow. rain B. were to rain C. will rain D. would rain 6I dont think that I shall fail. But if I _, I would try again. fail B. would fail C. should fail D. had fail
9、ed 7._ today ,he would get there by Friday . A.Was he leaving B. If he leaves A.C.Were he to leave D. Would he leaveBCCI wish I were a bird. I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （现在）（现在）（过去）（过去）（将来）（将来）二二. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的用法中的用法1. 在动词在动词wish后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中, 表示
10、与表示与现在或过去的事实相反现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的或对将来的主观愿望主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词从句通常省略连词that。1) 表示对表示对现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用从句动词用过去式或过去进行式过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般动词一般用用were) 。I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I were a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2) 表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动
11、词从句动词常用常用“had过去分词过去分词”。The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形从句动词形式为式为 “ would动词原形动词原形”。但愿你立刻来。但愿你立刻来。I wish you would come soon.I wish it would rain tomorrow.二：虚拟语气特殊句型二：虚拟语气特殊句型：Wish 的宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V. shouldMake sentences If I , I would I wish Homework 1. Finish the exercises in the paper . 2. Write a passage “If I were a millionaire, I would”