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1、会计学1高考高考(o ko)英语写作专题辅导概要写英语写作专题辅导概要写作导练作导练第一页，共50页。第1页/共50页第二页，共50页。串联串联(chunlin)要素法要素法 写作方法写作方法串联要素串联要素(yo s)法法 记叙文的概要记叙文的概要, 一般包括记叙文的六个要素一般包括记叙文的六个要素(yo s)(who; when; where; what; how; why), 也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六个要素也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六个要素(yo s),然后用自己的话将这六个要素然后用自己的话将这六个要素(yo s)串成一两句话即可。串成一两句话即可。第2页/共50页
2、第三页，共50页。 当然当然, 不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素(yo s),但但“某人做了某事某人做了某事, 结果如何结果如何”是应当包括的。因此是应当包括的。因此, 要写好概要要写好概要, 须找到以下两个问题的答案：须找到以下两个问题的答案：(1) 谁做了什么？谁做了什么？(who did what)(2) 结果如何？结果如何？(what was the result) 如果是夹叙夹议的文章如果是夹叙夹议的文章, 还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育。还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育。第3页/共50页第四页，共50页。例例1(2011年广东年广东)阅读下面短
3、文阅读下面短文, 然后按要求然后按要求(yoqi)写一篇写一篇150词左右的英语短文。词左右的英语短文。 When Samfirst got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. He thought he would be able to go home every weekend. When he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him craz
4、y.第4页/共50页第五页，共50页。He was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind was at h
5、ome. He started feeling homesick(想家想家)and wanted to go homes as soon as possible.第5页/共50页第六页，共50页。 He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think was being at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or other means to get
6、in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school.写作内容写作内容1. 以约以约30个词概括上文个词概括上文(shngwn)的主要的主要内容；内容；2. 以约以约120个词讲述一次你个词讲述一次你(或你的朋友或你的朋友)想想家的经历。家的经历。第6页/共50页第七页，共50页。解题过程解题过程第一步第一步, 根据写作内容根据写作内容2, 快速获取大意。解题前快速获
7、取大意。解题前, 可以通过写作内容可以通过写作内容2和材料文体和材料文体,快速准确地把握阅读材料的主要内容并形成概要的基本框架。如本题快速准确地把握阅读材料的主要内容并形成概要的基本框架。如本题(bnt)阅读写作内容阅读写作内容2,并扫视材料可知是记叙文并扫视材料可知是记叙文, 于是可推知于是可推知,本文的概要框架应是：本文的概要框架应是：Sam想家的时间、地点、原因、影响和结果。想家的时间、地点、原因、影响和结果。第7页/共50页第八页，共50页。第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。(1) 谁做了什么？谁做了什么？Sam got to a boarding
8、 school and he felt homesick.(2) 结果结果(ji gu)如何？如何？He got sick. He was angry with his parents and felt lonely.第8页/共50页第九页，共50页。第三步：用自己的话将其串联第三步：用自己的话将其串联(chunlin)起来起来。参考范文如下：。参考范文如下： 范文范文1：Sam could not get used to the life of the boarding school, and he thought his parents hated him and left him in
9、it, which made him sick, angry and lonely. 范文范文2：In the passage, the writer talks about Sams experience of homesickness. He suffered a lot and felt dissatisfied with his parents after being left in a boarding school. 第9页/共50页第十页，共50页。例例2 (2011年广州一模年广州一模)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文(dun wn), 然后按要求写一篇然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英
10、语短文词左右的英语短文(dun wn)。内容略内容略写作内容写作内容1. 以约以约30个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要(zhyo)内容；内容；2. 然后以约然后以约120个词写一篇读后感个词写一篇读后感, 说明说明“诚信的重要性诚信的重要性”。第10页/共50页第十一页，共50页。解题过程解题过程 第一步第一步, 根据根据(gnj)写作内容写作内容2 , 快速获取大意。快速获取大意。写作内容写作内容2说明说明“诚信的重要性诚信的重要性”，扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记叙文，扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记叙文, 那么我们可以形成概要框架那么我们可以形成概要框架: 作者
11、讲述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样作者讲述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样, 就有了方向和思路了。就有了方向和思路了。第11页/共50页第十二页，共50页。第二步：阅读材料第二步：阅读材料, 回答以下三个问题。回答以下三个问题。(1) 谁做了什么？谁做了什么？The writer tells a story of an overseas Chinese student. The student had been caught without a ticket in the subway three times.(2) 结果如何结果如何(rh)？He was not even allowe
12、d the chance for an interview.(3) 说明了什么？说明了什么？Honesty is the best policy.第12页/共50页第十三页，共50页。第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考(cnko)范文如下：范文如下： 范文范文1：Today I read an instructive speech, in which the speaker argues honesty is the best policy by telling the story of an overseas Chinese student who co
13、uldnt find a job because of dishonesty.第13页/共50页第十四页，共50页。范文范文(fnwn)2：The writer tells a story about a Chinese student with an excellent academic achievement couldnt find a job in Germany because of his dishonesty to skip the subway tickets, which shows honesty is the best policy.第14页/共50页第十五页，共50页。
14、练习练习1：阅读下面：阅读下面(xi mian)的短文，然后以约的短文，然后以约30个词概括这篇短文的主要内容。个词概括这篇短文的主要内容。短文略短文略 The author happened to pick up an umbrella on a bus and tried to find its owner. She was pleased to find the owner and also got a job offered by the owner of the umbrella.第15页/共50页第十六页，共50页。练习练习2：阅读下面的短文：阅读下面的短文(dun wn), 然后
15、以约然后以约30个词概括这篇短文个词概括这篇短文(dun wn)的主要内容。的主要内容。短文短文(dun wn)略略 (范文范文(fnwn)1) In the passage the writer uses the story of the award-winning farmer who shares his best corn deed with his neighbours to teach us that we all can benefit when we co-operate and share with each other.第16页/共50页第十七页，共50页。(范文范文(fn
16、wn)2) The writer teaches us that we all benefit more when we co-operate and share with each other by telling the story of the award-winning farmer who shares his corn seeds with his neighbours.第17页/共50页第十八页，共50页。作业作业1：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文, 然后然后(rnhu)以约以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。 On a recent Sunday, I was
17、buying groceries in a supermarket when I heard the sound of a car accident. It was close but not very close, so I continued shopping. As I took a right turn on Munadhama Street, I saw a man lying on the ground in a small pool of blood. He wasnt dead.第18页/共50页第十九页，共50页。 The idea of stopping to help o
18、r to take him to a hospital crossed my mind, but I didnt dare. Cars passed without stopping. Pedestrians and shop owners kept doing what they were doing, pretending nothing had happened. I was still looking at the wounded man and blaming myself for not stopping to help. Other shoppers peered at him
19、from a distance, sorrowful and sympathetic, but did nothing.第19页/共50页第二十页，共50页。 I went on to another grocery store, staying for about five minutes while shopping for tomatoes, onions and other vegetables. During that time, the man managed to sit up and wave to passing cars. No one stopped. No one di
20、d anything. No one lifted a finger. The wounded died alone in the street. The only reaction came from a woman in the grocery store. In a low voice, she said, “My God, bless his soul.” An offer of aid could have saved the mans life.第20页/共50页第二十一页，共50页。作业作业(zuy)1： From the passage we know that the aut
21、hor witnessed a car accident and found no one helped the injured man. As a result, the man died on the street, which made the author feel guilty.第21页/共50页第二十二页，共50页。作业作业(zuy)2：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文, 然后以约然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略短文略作业作业(zuy)2： The writer tried to tell us the importance of setting goa
22、ls through a beavers story. After the beaver built a house for the winter, it set another goal to chew down a big tree and succeeded by working hard.第22页/共50页第二十三页，共50页。第23页/共50页第二十四页，共50页。 我们根据说明文的不同类型我们根据说明文的不同类型, 分别给出三种参考模板：分别给出三种参考模板：1. 描写某事物的性质功用描写某事物的性质功用(gngyng)。即。即“对象对象+性质功用性质功用(gngyng)+利好利好
23、”： (In the passage) the writer introduces. (对象对象)to us, especially its.(性质或功用性质或功用(gngyng), from which we know.(对象带来的利好对象带来的利好).第24页/共50页第二十五页，共50页。2. 针对某个问题提出针对某个问题提出(t ch)解决方法或措解决方法或措施。即施。即“问题问题+解决方法解决方法”： The passage tells us.(问题问题), including.(方法方法1), .(方法方法2)and.(方法方法3).第25页/共50页第二十六页，共50页。3. 介
24、绍介绍(jisho)某现象及其原因和结果。即某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象现象+原因原因+结果结果”： (The author/writer said/talks about).(现象现象)of., because /but.(原因原因/本质本质1), and. (原因原因/本质本质2).在高考在高考(o ko)读写任务中读写任务中, 多为说明某种社会现象的说明文。多为说明某种社会现象的说明文。第26页/共50页第二十七页，共50页。阅读阅读(yud)下面短文下面短文, 然后以约然后以约30个词概括这段短个词概括这段短文的内容。文的内容。 Eye care is an important fa
25、ctor in all of our lives. Without eyes, we seem to be able to do nothing. But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods. Secondly, dont sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take regular rest at intervals so as to relax the eye muscles. Thirdly, ha
26、ving enough sleep is the best rest for eyes. 第27页/共50页第二十八页，共50页。 Besides those notices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives. Excessive exposure to bright sunlight is harmful to eyes, therefore, when going out, especially in summer time, put on a pair of qualified sunglasses.
27、Stay away from smoking. Some ingredients in cigarettes are carcinogenesis(致癌的致癌的). 第28页/共50页第二十九页，共50页。 Last but not least, take regular medical examines to check out the potential eye disease and prevent its deterioration(退化退化(tuhu). Eyes are the most important sense organs and one should use prope
28、r eye care products to avoid further irritations (刺激刺激)and ensure longevity at ease.第29页/共50页第三十页，共50页。解题过程解题过程 本文在指出本文在指出(zh ch)眼睛重要后眼睛重要后, 紧接着提出问紧接着提出问题题“为保护眼睛为保护眼睛, 我们可以做些什么呢我们可以做些什么呢”, 然后分三点然后分三点说明应该做些什么。因此说明应该做些什么。因此, 我们可以套用我们可以套用“问题问题+解决解决方法方法”模式：模式： Our eyes are important for us, so the autho
29、r tells us how to take care of our eyes, including eating healthy food, giving them enough time to rest, knowing some threats, and taking frequent eye examinations.第30页/共50页第三十一页，共50页。练习练习1：阅读下面：阅读下面(xi mian)短文，然后以约短文，然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略短文略 (“对象对象+性质性质(xngzh)功能功能+利好利好”模式模式)The writer i
30、ntroduces the idea of a balloon robot, especially how it helps to guide people to their destination without being connected to the Internet, from which we know it may become popular in the future.第31页/共50页第三十二页，共50页。练习练习2：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文, 然后然后(rnhu)以约以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略短文略 (“问题问题+解决方法解决方法(
31、fngf)”模式模式)The passage tells us how to be a good friend, including listening more to friends talking, offering help when necessary, staying with them and making plans together.第32页/共50页第三十三页，共50页。练习练习3：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文, 然后以约然后以约30个词概括个词概括(giku)该文的主要内容。该文的主要内容。短文略短文略(“现象现象+原因原因(yunyn)”模式模式)The author ta
32、lks about the popularity of advertisements, because they can bring convenience to people but the negative effects should not be ignored.第33页/共50页第三十四页，共50页。作业作业1：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文(dun wn), 然后以约然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文短文(dun wn)略略 The passage introduces some examples to show that chemistry is eve
33、rywhere in our life, especially its good effects, from which we know we should understand it more to help ourselves live better.(对象对象(duxing)+功能功能) 第34页/共50页第三十五页，共50页。作业作业2：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文, 然后以约然后以约30个词概括该文的主要个词概括该文的主要(zhyo)内容。内容。短文略短文略The passage tells us how to stay healthy with our pets, including
34、 washing hands often, wearing gloves while cleaning the pets or their cages, taking them for examinations regularly and giving them proper food, etc. (问题问题(wnt)+解决方法解决方法)第35页/共50页第三十六页，共50页。作业作业3：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文(dun wn), 然后以约然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文短文(dun wn)略略 The passage said Chinese Educati
35、on Ministry has paid close attention to self-protection education among school students because some knowledge about self-protection may help one survive in case of emergency.(现象现象(xinxing)+原因原因)第36页/共50页第三十七页，共50页。第37页/共50页第三十八页，共50页。 议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论, 因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题
36、(zht)句句(the topic sentences)、支撑句、支撑句(supporting sentences)和结论句和结论句(conclusion sentences)。 其中最主要的是找准主题其中最主要的是找准主题(zht)句。句。 概要模板：论点概要模板：论点+论据论据(+结论结论)第38页/共50页第三十九页，共50页。(2011珠海一模珠海一模)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 然后以约然后以约30个个词概括词概括(giku)该文的主要内容。该文的主要内容。 Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancien
37、t times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.第39页/共50页第四十页，共50页。In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usua
38、lly in the best conditions. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day. If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. 第40页/共50
39、页第四十一页，共50页。Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry. Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick t
40、o getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it.第41页/共50页第四十二页，共50页。解题过程解题过程第一步，根据文体第一步，根据文体, 找出要点。略读短文找出要点。略读短文, 本文是典型本文是典型(dinxng)的议论文的议论文, 第一段为议点第一段为议点, 第二、三自然段为论据第二、三自然段为论据, 最后一段为结论最后一段为结论, 首尾呼应。论点、论据和结论分别为：首尾呼应。论点、论据和结论分别为：第42页/共50页第四十三页，共50页。论论点点Getting up early has been
41、regarded as a good habit论论据据(1)we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning(2)build our bodies and become much healthier(3)have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day结结论论getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it第43页/共50页第四十四
42、页，共50页。第二步第二步, 用自己的话用自己的话(dehu)将其表达出来。参考范文为：将其表达出来。参考范文为： (范文范文1) The passage mainly tells us getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot. It enables us to have a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day.第44页/共50页第四十五页，共50页。 (范文范文(fnwn)2) The pa
43、ssage tries to tell us that getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot, including a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day. (范文范文(fnwn)3) The passage tells us that getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot. It
44、 enables us to have a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day.第45页/共50页第四十六页，共50页。阅读下面短文阅读下面短文, 然后然后(rnhu)以约以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略短文略Communication skills play an increasingly important role in our modern society. It is easier for a good communicator to expresses him
45、self and persuades others to accept his ideas, so he is often a leader.第46页/共50页第四十七页，共50页。作业作业1：阅读下面短文：阅读下面短文(dun wn), 然后以约然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文短文(dun wn)略略 The author holds the view that newspapers still play an important part in our lives, and lists some advantages of newspapers, altho
46、ugh the new media like TV and the Internet are becoming more and more popular.第47页/共50页第四十八页，共50页。作业作业2：阅读下面：阅读下面(xi mian)短文短文, 然后以约然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略短文略 A good education plays an essential part in ones life, which can release our potential and help us gain better-paid jobs. Therefore, everyone is supposed to receive higher education.第48页/共50页第四十九页，共50页。第49页/共50页第五十页，共50页。