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1、小结： 1 Doing 表主动主动，与谓语动词（几乎）同时同时发生 Praising his students,he stood there.2 Being done 表被动被动，与谓语动词（几乎）同时同时发生 Being praised by his teacher, he stood there.3 Having done 表主动主动，时间先于先于谓语动词 Having praised his students,he went home.4 Having been done 表被动被动，时间先于先于谓语动词 Having been praised by his teacher,he wen
2、t home. 1 Feeling tired, I went to bed .2 Having finished the work , I went to bed .Unit 5 Grammar V- ing 作状语时表示的动作是作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部主语动作的一部分分，与谓语表示的动作或状态，与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时同时或几乎同时发生的发生的，或是，或是先于谓语动词发生先于谓语动词发生，它的，它的逻辑主逻辑主语与句子的主语一致语与句子的主语一致。V- ing 作状语常表示作状语常表示时时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多
3、用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。 1 Feeling tired, I went to bed .2 Having finished the work , I went to bed . While I was walking along the street, I met Mary= Walking along the street, I met Mary. When they heard the news, they all jumped with joy.= Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. Because I
4、was tired, I stopped to take a rest = Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. Because we dont know her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. = Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. If you turn the left, you will find the school= Turning to the left, you will find the school.
5、 If you work hard, youll succeed. =Working hard, youll succeed. Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.= Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. I stood there, and waited for her.=I stood there, waiting for her.使用使用V-ing形式需注意的几个问题形式需注意的几个问题1.分词分词(短语短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的作状语时，其逻辑
6、主语必须与句子的主语一致。主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语While I was walking along the street, he called me.= Walking along the street, he called me.2.分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或 介词，介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分因为并列连词接的是
7、两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。间可用逗号。 I stood there, and waited for her.=I stood there, and waiting for her.3.分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上加上 not, never等否定词构成。等否定词构成。Not knowing how to find the subway地铁地铁, I asked a policeman for help. Not having heard from him, she deci
8、ded to write another letter 如果 V-ing 表示的动作发生在句子谓语之前表示的动作发生在句子谓语之前，则要用 V-ing 的完成式的完成式，即是： Having +过去分词过去分词, 主语主语+谓语谓语1. After she had finished her work, she went home.2. As we have invited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture. Having finished her work, she went home.Having invited him here
9、 to speak, wed better go to his lecture.1， Having brushed his teeth，Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast.2，Brushing his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast.3，Having been called several times ，Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast.“You cant catch me!” Janet shouted,_ away. A. run B. r
10、unning C. to run D. ran B2. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having causedD3. _ in the queue排队排队 for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. to wait B. have waited C. having waited D. to have waitedC4. _ su
11、ch heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffered C. To suffer D. SufferedA5. The secretary worked all night long, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparingB1. _ the championship, he was awarded a
12、 million dollars. A. Won B. Winning C. Having won D. Being won2. _ only book knowledge, you will not be able to work well. A. Had B. Have C. Having D. To have 3. I saw a lot of children playing in the garden most of them _ girls. A. are B. being C. were D. having4. The old man could not sleep at nig
13、ht, his wrongs _ him no peace. A. gave B. give C. being giving D. giving5. The decision _, what is to be done now is how to carry it out. A. made B. has been made C. having being made D. being made6. _ in the queen for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A. To wait B
14、. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited7. “We cant go out in this winter,” said Ted, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked8. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a police was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurrie
15、d to a police for help9. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received10. _ the room, I found the recorder stolen.A. Entering B. To enter C. Enters D. Entered11. “What on earth have you done?” mother said _ to the broken vase on
16、 the ground. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing12. _ by car, we visited many places. A. Travel B. Traveling C. To travel D. Having travelled V- ing 作状语时表示的动作是作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分主语动作的一部分，与，与谓语表示的动作或状态谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生的同时或几乎同时发生的，或是，或是先于谓语动词发生先于谓语动词发生，它的，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。V- ing 作状语常表示作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。 I was feeling tired, I went to bed . After I finished the work. I went to bed . Feeling tired, I went to bed .Having finished the work , I went to bed .