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1、1Part Using language动词动词-inging形式作状语形式作状语2【思维导图】3一、基本特征感悟【感悟用法】动词的-ing形式在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随情况等。Turning around,I saw a car driving up.转过身,我看见一辆车开过来了。Having sent her child to bed,she began to read the newspaper.送孩子上床睡觉后,她开始读报纸。Not knowing his telephone number,I couldnt get in t
2、ouch with him.我不知道他的电话号码,所以联系不上他。4He came running back to tell me the news.他跑回来告诉我这个消息。Having been shown around the factory,they were very happy.被领着参观了工厂后,他们很高兴。【自我总结】1.句为现在分词的一般式_作状语。当动词-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时,用一般式。2.句为现在分词的完成式_作状语。当动词-ing形式的动作先发生,而谓语动词的动作后发生时,用完成式。doinghaving done53.句为现在分词的否
3、定式_作状语。动词-ing形式的否定式是在它的前面加not。4.句动词-ing形式的主动式。表示非谓语动词和句子的主语(分词的逻辑主语)之间为_关系。5.句动词-ing形式的被动式。表示非谓语动词和句子的主语(分词的逻辑主语)之间为_关系。not doing主动动宾6二、主要用法精讲动词的-ing形式(短语)可以在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子,用来表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随情况等。表示时间、原因或条件时,通常位于句子的前部;表示方式、伴随或结果时,通常位于句子的后部。1.作时间状语,相当于时间状语从句Hearing the noise,I turned rou
4、nd.When I heard the noise,I turned round.听到响声我转过身去。2.作原因状语,相当于原因状语从句Being too young,he couldnt join the army.Because he was too young,he couldnt join the army.因为年轻,他不能参军。73.作条件状语,相当于条件状语从句Working hard,youll succeed.If you work hard,youll succeed.努力工作,你会成功的。4.作让步状语,相当于让步状语从句动词-ing短语作让步状语,相当于一个让步状语从句,
5、有时它的前面可带有连词although,whether,even if,even though等。Admitting what she said,I still think that she hasnt tried her best.Although/Though I admit what she said,I still think that she hasnt tried her best.尽管承认她所说的话,但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。85.作方式状语或伴随状语He walked down the river,singing softly to himself.He walked d
6、own the river and sang softly to himself.他沿着河流一边走,一边轻轻地唱。6.表示结果,作结果状语,相当于结果状语从句通常放在句末,中间有逗号隔开,表示一种自然的、顺理成章的结果。His parents died in the war,leaving him an orphan.His parents died in the war so that he became an orphan.他的父母在战争中死亡,以致他成了孤儿。97.动词-ing形式作评注性状语有少数动词-ing(短语)并不表示主语的动作,即不存在其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致的问题,只是表
7、示说话人的态度。常这样用的有:(1)generally/frankly/properly/.speaking一般/坦白/恰当说来(2)judging from/by.从判断(3)considering.考虑到(4)supposing.假设Judging from her last letter,they are having a wonderful time.从她的上封来信看,他们过得非常愉快。10 (1)动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首;作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。(2)动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种,它有自己的时态。having done是动词-ing形式的完
8、成时态,可以做状语;当该动词先于主句的谓语动词之前发生时,选择having done的形式。名师提醒动词-ing形式作状语的注意事项:1.动词-ing形式的时态动词-ing(短语)作状语时,要注意它的时间性,即注意是用其一般式(doing)还是用完成式(having done)。112.动词-ing形式的被动语态现在分词的逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。其语态主要取决于现在分词和句子主语间的关系。名师提醒辨析:现在分词和不定式作结果状语的不同现在分词作结果状语,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况,前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎
9、意料的结果,有时前面可以加only。巧学助记分词作状语,主语是问题。前后两动作,共用一主语。主语找出后,再来判关系。主动用-ing,被动用-ed。12即学即练写出下列句中的现在分词短语的用法1.Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem,he asked the teacher for help._2.Turning to the left,you will find the path leading to the park._3.Weighing almost one hundred kilos,the stone was moved by him alone._4.Having finished his homework,the boy was allowed to watch TV play._5.The child came to his mother,running and jumping._原因状语条件状语让步状语时间状语方式状语13本节内容结束