《高考英语语法专题代词的用法导学案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语语法专题代词的用法导学案.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、代词定义：用来代替名词或名词词组的词。代词的主要作用是避免名词在句子中的重复。1、人称代词：人称代词有_的变化。 主格:作_ 宾格:作_单 数复 数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格宾格 it 可用代替小孩、婴儿和不明身份的人。 There is a person coming. It may be our teacher. she可用来代表国家、船只、 大地、月亮、城市等。人称代词在对话中作简略答语或单独使用，或在表示惊奇、反问、否定、不满等感情色彩的句子中，一般不用主格，而用宾格。 - Im hungry. - Me, too. - You ought to do
2、 it. - What, me?人称代词的词序 第三人称两性并列时，_ He and she still dont quite agree to this plan. 当说话者提到自己和别人时，习惯把自己摆在最后，以表示谦虚和礼貌。 Mary and I are classmates. 两个以上的人称代词的排序 A、单数：通常按_ You, he and I are good friends.B、复数：通常按_ We, you and they have been invited to the party.C、承认过失，表示不吉祥的事或有不好的意思时，单数按_人称排列，复数按_ I, he a
3、nd you will be punished for being late. They, you and we should leave here at once.2、物主代词单 数复 数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称物主代词形容词性名词性 形容词性物主代词只能在句中作_，名词性物主代词可以在句中作_。The pen isnt mine. Mine is red. = The pen isnt my pen. My pen is red. 如果名词前有其它定语，物主代词要放在其它定语的前面。His younger brother is a doctor. 和all, bot
4、h连用时，物主代词要放在它们的后面。Both his elder brothers are here. I ate all my food.3、反身代词: oneself反身代词单 数复 数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称by oneselffor oneselfof oneself(all) to oneselfI am not quite myself.enjoy oneselfdress oneselfcome to oneselfhelp oneself todevote oneself tomake oneself at home4、指示代词：_ this 和 the
5、se一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物。that 和 those 一般指时间或空间上较远的人或物。I dont want this book. I want that one. this 和 these一般指下面要讲的人或物。that和those 一般指前面讲的人或物。He was ill. That was why he didnt come. What I want you to remember is this : English is of great use. 充当替代词的作用：that代替不可数名词或表特指的单数可数名词。those 代替特指的复数可数名词.The population
6、 of Shanghai is larger than that of Suzhou. The bikes made in Shanghai are better than those made in Beijing. 在电话用语中，this 表示我方，that表示他方。 - Who is that? - This is Mary speaking. 、不定代词(1) some, any 用法: some常用于_句，any常用于_句。 some也可用于疑问句，表请求、建议或希望对方作肯定回答。 Would you like some tea? any 也可用于肯定句，表示“任何”之意。 Mak
7、e it any day you like. some 用于单数可数名词前，表示未知或未确定的人或物，“某一，某个”，相当于a certainThere must be some mistake. He is in some kind of trouble. some (adv.) 用于数词前，表示“_”，相当于approximately。如：Some 20 days ago, he got it. some和any可用作adv.均可修饰比较级，表示“_”。 Is she any better today? Im feeling some better today.(2) each, ever
8、y基本用法 each两个或两个以上的人或物中的每一个，侧重个体。every 三个或三个以上的人或物，侧重全体、全部。 each 具有代词和形容词的特性，在句中可以作主语、宾语、同位语或定语。 every 只具有形容词的特性，在句中作定语。Each of them has a dictionary. They each have even been there. Each worker has a separate room. I know every student of the class.each可接_,可与_连用, every可接_,不可与_连用 every“每隔”: every基数词复
9、数名词 everyfew复数名词 everyother/序数词单数名词every ten miles every fewmiles every other/third mile(3) other, the other, others, the others, another 的用法(4) either, neither, both, all 的用法(5) none, no one, nothingnone “没有人,没有任何东西”，用于否定三个或三个以上的人或物， 可以与of连用。可用于回答how many, how much 开头的问句。 - How many books have you
10、bought? - None.no one “没有人”，相当于nobody，不能与 of 短语连用，只能用作单数。可用于回答who 开头的问句。 - Who can answer the question? - No one. - Is there anyone in the room? - No one.nothing “没有东西，没有什么”。用于回答what 开头的问句。- What did you do yesterday?- Nothing.(6) many, much, (a) few, (a) little 的用法many 指代可数名词，much指代不可数名词。few, a few
11、指代可数名词，little, a little指代不可数名词a few, a little 表肯定意义，few, little表否定意义(7) anything but nothing but something of * The hotel was anything but satisfactory. * I want nothing but the best for my children. * Im something of an expert on antiques. (8) 合成不定代词基本用法：some, any, every 所构成的合成不定代词不能与 of 连用，但分开时可接
12、of 短语。 every one of them 注意：none of them , no one 后不接 of 短语、 相互代词：each other one another、 疑问代词（特殊疑问句）who， whom，which， what， whose、关系代词（引导_从句）who， whom，which，that， whose, as9、 连接代词（引导_从句，并在从句中担任成份）who， whom，which，what，whose4学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司It的用法归纳1、指代的作用 人称代词，代替前文提到的人或事。This bike is not min
13、e. Its Peters.注意：it, that, one都可代替前面提到的人或事it 用来代替前面提到的可数名词，所指的是事物本身；that 用来代替不可数名词，或代替特指的单数可数名词；one 代替前面出现过的单数可数名词，泛指I cant find my pen anywhere. I must have lost it. Life today is much better than that in the old days. I cant find my pen. Im going to buy one. 用以代替提示代词this, that What is this? Its a
14、pen. Whose pen is that? Its Jims. 指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人。Who is knocking at the door?Its me. 指天气、时间、距离、自然环境等。 it 指代整个句子所表达的意思。She failed the examination and it made her parents worried. 某些短语中，it无具体含义Do you like it here? I can make it. take it easy thats it get it 2、形式主语/宾语 It is not easy to finish it in
15、2 days. I think it no use arguing with him. 注意 see to it that take it for granted thatCan you see to it that everything is ready? I just took it for granted that he would always help us.注意 hate/ dislike/ like /love/ enjoy/ prefer/ appreciate + 形式宾语it + 真正的宾语 I hate it when people talk with their mou
16、th full.注意主语从句中的虚拟语气It is necessary/ important/ strange that sb. (should) do sth.It is a pity/ a shame that sb. (should) do sth. It is desired/ requested/ required/ suggested/ proposed/ ordered/ that sb. (should) do sth.3、it 用于强调句 It was an old friend who/ that/ whom I met in the park yesterday. It
17、was in the park that I met an old friend yesterday. It was yesterday that I met an old friend in the park.4、与it相关的句型 It was + 某一时刻 +when It was 6:00 when I came home. It was + 一段时间 + before It will be + 一段时间 + beforeIt was an hour before I came back. It will be an hour before I come back. It is /has
18、 + 一段时间 +since 注意：句中用 is 或 has 均可It is 3 years since he was a soldier. It is 3 years since he joined the army. It is 3 years since I worked there. It is 3 years since I began to work there.since 从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词时，意为：从这一动作开始以来有多久。 而当动词为延续性动词时，则表示：不做该动作（即动作的结束）以来有多久。 在表示“第几次做某事”时，注意时态的使用 It is the first time that I have visited Beijing. It was the first time that I had visited Beijing. It is ( high ) time that It is high time that I went to school. It is likely that It looks as if It seems /appears that It is no wonder that