最新人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结 2.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -人教版初一英语下册各单元学问点总结Unit 1 Can you play the guitar.一、单词与词组Join: 表示“参与,加入”,此处指参与社团或组织,成为其中的成员。Join the army 参军join the NBA加入美国篮球协会Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参与体育 /音乐 / 英语 /象棋俱乐部乐器类 +theplay the guitar /the violin/the drums/the pianopla非y乐器类

2、+ theplay soccer/ basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton(英式足球 / 篮球 / 排球 /英式足球,美式橄榄球/网球 /羽毛球)Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 善于做某事Be good with与相处得好Be good to 对友好 =be friendly to Be good for对有好处Liketo do sth.特指某一次的动作。like doing sth. 强调常常性的爱好。两者都表示喜爱做某事,在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。Tell: Tell stories讲故事tell s

3、b. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth. 告知某人某事/不要做某事 Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth.帮忙某人做某事Help yourself/sb. to sth. 把某物 特别是指食物,饮料等 拿给自己 /某人cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事Call at 用于打某人的电话e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742Home:1. 表示动态概念。意思是“回家”,“到家”。前面不加介词。这里的home 是副词,表示目的的。e.g.

4、1When do you go home every day. 你每天什么时候回家?2He drives home after work.他下班的开车回家。3She often does some shopping on his way home.她常常在回家途中买些东西。2. at home 表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里的home 是名词,表示详细的点。e.g.1 Is she at home.她在家吗? 2He left his book at home.他把书放在家里了。Go home 回家get home 到家at home 在家Also 也,而且。较正式,用于确定句,紧跟动词。

5、e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese. 我能说英文也能说中文。也Too 多用于口语,放在句末。E.g. Me too.Either 多用于否定句,放在句末。E.g. He hasnt finished, either. 他也没有完成。Show sb. sth. /show sth. To sb. 展现给某人看Show time 作秀时间,表演开头talk show脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目)Unit 2 What time do you go to school.时间连词:when=while当时 then 然后after th

6、at 在那之后at+时间点 /sb. do sth. at about +时间点forbreakfast/lunch/dinner睡觉 go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉take a tap午休,小睡一会儿反: get up 起床 Time 表时间,不行数。表次数,可数。Some times 几次sometimes 有时some time 一段时间sometime 某个时候系动词 It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels 尝起来 / 闻起来 / 看起来 / 听起来 / 摸起来(含被动意味,但不能用被动语态)tastes/smells/looks/so

7、unds/feels+like 尝起来 /闻起来 /看起来 /听起来 /摸起来像eitheror二选一neithernor两者都不连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一样,即 就近原就 。 e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今日父母都不在家。Here 引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是代词,不倒装。 表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是名词,要用全部倒装。e.g. Here it is.Here he

8、comes. 代词不倒装 Here is your ticket.Here comes the bus.(名词倒装)关于时间的问法1 以 when 提问 , “什么时候 ”可以是较长的时间段,也可以是较短的时间点 When is your birthday.你的生日是什 么 时 候 ? MybirthdayisDec.29th.我 的 生 日 是12月29日 。 这 里 就 是 指 一 天 的 时 间 段 When do you go home.你几点回家? I go home at 4:30 p.m.我下午 4:30 回家 .这里 when 问的是详细的时间。 2详细几点我们通常用what

9、time 提问 What time is it now.现在几点了?orWhats the time. 几点了? It s9:26.现在 九 点二十 六。 Whattimeisitbyyourwatch.你手表 几点 了? It s 8:36. Oh, It s 50 min8u:t3e6s,la哦te,它慢了50 分钟。 What time do you get up.你几点起床? I get up1 / 6可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - -

10、 - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -at 6:00 a.m.我早上 6 点起床。Unit 3 How do you get to school.many students是单指同学数量多,侧重数量many of the students是指同学中许多一部分,强调部分too太1. too much意为“太多”,+不行数名词 /+动词。e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday .昨天我有太多的家务活要干。She talks too much .她说话太多。 much too意思是“过

11、分,太”,隐含了过分而不恰当之意,much too+ 形容词或副词,不+动词。 e.g.The question is much too difficult .这道题太难了。You re walking much toofast . 你走得太快了。2.tooto太而不能.e.g. You are never too young to study.同: sothat太以至于e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat.=The river runs so quickly tha

12、t peoplecan t row a boat to across the river.Unit 4Don t eat in class一. 、词组school rules 学校规章制度break the rules 违反规章制度make the rules 制定规章.in the hallways 在过道 in the music room 在音乐教室里in the dining hall在餐厅 be in bed 在床上be late for迟到listen to music 听音乐wash my clothes 洗衣服make dinner 做饭have to do 不得不做too m

13、any+ 名词复数。too much + 不行数名词“太多” by ten o clock 十点之前on school nights 上学的晚上on weekends 在周末 go to the children s palace 去少年宫after school 放学后sports shoes运动鞋gym class 体育课二、句型 1Don t arrive late for class.2We can t listen to msicu in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.3-What else do you have to

14、do.- We have to clean the classroom.4-Can we wear hats in school.-Yes, we can/ No,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结we can t.-5-Do you have to wear a uniform at school. -Yes, we do /No, we don Wht.a6t are the rules at your school.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结7 重难点精析: 祈使句通常用来表示命令、恳求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you 听话人 通常省略。其构成

15、通常有以下几种形式。) Be 型(即系动词原型be+表语其他)。如:Be quiet,please.否定句 Don t + be+ 表语 +其他。如: Don t be angry.) Do 型(即系动词原形宾语其他)。如:Open you books, please. 否定句 Don t + 实义动词原形 +宾语 +其他。如: D ont eat in the classroom. ) Let 型(即 Let+ 宾语 +动词原形 +其他)如: Let me help you.Lets go at sixo clock否. 定句一般在宾语后加not。如: Let n ot watch TV.

16、) No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“)如:No smoking.严禁吸烟!No talking.不许交谈!No passing.禁止通行!No parking.不许停车!Must 与 have to1.must 表主观看法,主观上的必要have to 表客观需要e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里 把医生请来。客观上需要做这件事He said that they must work hard

17、.他说他们必需努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)2. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化,而must 只有一种形式。3.在否定结构中:dont have to 表示 不必 。mustnt表示 禁止 。 e.g. Youdont have to neednt 没必要 tell him about it. 你不肯定要把此事告知他。You mustnt ( cant 不能) tell him about it.你肯定不要把这件事告知他。On time准时,按时。In time准时,迟早e.g. We were just in time for to catch the bus.我们准时赶上了公车。

18、The train pulled in on time.车准时到站。Unit 5 Why do you like pandas.一、词组want to do sth . 想要做某事want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事want sth 想要某物Let sb do sth 让某人做某事Kindkind of有几分 种类 a kind of 一种all kinds of各种各样的 =various oflike to do sth/like doing sth喜爱做某事play with与.一起玩 during the day 在白天 at night 在夜间二、句型与日常交际用语1、

19、-why do you like pandas./-Why dose he like koalas.-Because theykinrde of interesting.2 、 Why do you want to see the lions. Because they re3、-Where are lions2 / 6可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - -

20、 - - -from.-Lions are from South Africa.4、 -What other animals do you like.-I like elephants.5. This is a symbol of good luck.的象征 6. Have a good memory like an elephant.形容记忆力好7 .-How old are you.=What s your age. I m ten years old./I m ten.8.-Do you like giraffes.- Yes, I do. / No, I dontmake of 与 m

21、ake from “由组成 ”make of 看得出原材料,物理变化。make from 看不出原材料,化学变化。e.g. We must save trees and not by things made of ivory 象牙 . The paper is made of wood.The other, others, another, other 的 区分1.other 可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指 “其他的(人或物)”。如:Do you have any other questions.你仍有其他问题吗?Ask some other people.问问别人吧

22、!Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一只手里。2.the other 指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用the other,不能用another,此时的other 作代词。如:He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人。the other 后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词,此时的other 作形容词。如: On the other side of the street , there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一边,有一棵大树。Mary i

23、s much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river.他住在河的对岸。3. others 是 other 的复数形式,泛指“另外几个”,“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。如:Some of us likesinging and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜爱唱歌和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动。Give me some others, please. 请给我别的东西吧!There are no others. 没有别的了。4.t

24、he others 意思是“其他东西,其余的 人”。特指某一范畴内的“其他的(人或物)”。是the other 的复数形式。如:Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里。the others=the other 复数名词,这在第2 条中已经有所介绍。5.another=an other ,既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物,泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如:I don t like this one. Please s

25、how me another. 我不喜爱这一个,请给我看看另一个。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.我有三个女儿。一个是护士,另一个是老师,仍有一个是工人。Let dso sth, let s=让le我t u们s 做 人称代词用宾格Let s 之后跟动词原形。Let s see the pan我da们. 看熊猫吧。Let s go我. 们走吧!Unit 6 I mwatching TV. 一、词组do one s homework做家庭作业watch TV看电

26、视 eat dinner 吃饭。就餐clean the room 打扫房间 talk on the phone 电话谈天thanks for+n/doing 为某事感谢某人go shopping/swimming去购物 /游泳at the pool 在游泳池at school 在学校 in the tree 在树上read newspaper/a book看报纸看书write a letter写信 go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie看电影 take photos 拍照 wait for 等待。等候TV show 电视节目talk a

27、bout 谈论e.g. What are you talkingabout. some of中的一些a photo of my family我的家庭照be with 和一起with sb 和某人在一起in the first/last photo在第一张 /最终一张照片二、句型与日常交际用语1.-What+be+ 主语 +doing.正在做什么?- 主语 be doing正在做某事 2.-Here are/is 例: Here are some of my photos./Here is a photo of my family.3.-Do you want to go to the movi

28、es.-Sure.4.-When do you want to go. - Let s go at seve5n.-Where do people play basketball. -At school.6.-What s he waiting for.-He s waiting for a bus7. .-What s he reading-.He s reading a newspape8r. Can +do动词原形 可以e.g.You can see my family at home.三、语法现在进行时1现在在进行时的形式:助动词beam,is,are+动词 -ing 形式(也叫现在分

29、词),表示现在(说话的瞬时)正在进行或发生的动作。2 现在进行时的确定句形式:主语+beam,is,are+动词现在分词+其他例: I mwatching TV.3 现在进行时的否定句形式:主语+beam,is,are+not+ 动词现在分词 +其他例: They are not playing soccer.4 现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答: Isam,are+ 主语 + 动词现在分词+ 其他 . Yes,主语 +is/am/are.No, 主语 +isn t/aren tn/aomt. 例: Are youreading. Yes,I am. No,I am not.5) 现在进行时的

30、特别疑问句形式:特别疑问词+is/am/are+ 主语 +现在分词 +其他 .例: What is your brother doing.Unit 7 It s raning.一、词组play computer games 打电子嬉戏lie on the beach 躺在沙滩上play beach volleyball打沙滩排球in this heat在酷暑中 in picture 在图片里on vacation 度假on the beach 在海边 around theworld世界各的 =all over the worldbe surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊

31、奇be relaxed 放松 =feelrelaxedhave a good time 玩得很爽快in different kind of weather在不同的天气里thank sb fordoingsth 由于某事而感谢某人someothers一些另一些a group of people 一群人 look at sb doing/do sth看某人正在做某事/做3 / 6可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料w

32、ord 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -了某事(事情的全过程)everyone 后只接人不跟of, 相当于 everybody 。 every one 后跟人或物,可跟of 。e.g. Everyone is here. 每个人都在这。Every one of the students likes the teacher. 每位同学都很喜爱这个老师。二、句型日常交际用语1- Hows the weather+ 的点 .- It rsainy. /Itcsold and snowing. 2- Whatsthe weather like.-The weather th

33、ere is very hot.3-How s it goingwith sb. 某人最近怎样。/How was your trip.-Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good. 4Thanks you for joining CCTV s AthroeuWndorld show.5-Is Aunt Wang there. - Yes, she is/No, she isn 6t There are many people here on vacation.7 See you later./See you soon. 之后见 /很快见 8 My phone i

34、sn t working. 我的电话坏了。Unit 8Is there a post office near there.一、词组post office 邮局pay phone 投币式公用电话next to 在.隔壁across from 在.对面 in front of 在.前面betweenand在.和.之间on a street 在街上in the neighborhood 在邻近on the right/left在右边在左边behind在后面 on Green street 在格林街上near在邻近可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结go straight 始终走go do

35、wnalong沿着 .走welcome to欢 迎可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结enjoy+ 名词 /doing 喜爱做某事have fun 过得开心on one s right/left 在某人的右边左边turn right/left向右左转take a walk 漫步the way to去 .的路let sb do sth 让某人做某事take a taxi 打的乘出租车gothrough. 穿过 .have a good trip旅途开心 =have a good time.玩的高兴,过得开心arrive at (小的方)/in (大的方)到达at the beginn

36、ing of 在.开头的时候at the end of 在.终止的时候hope to do sth/that/for sth 期望做某事(不行以用hope sb. to do sth.) help sb.to do sth./sb. sth. 帮忙某人某事in front of与 in the front of的区分infrontof就 是 指 在 某 物 的 前 方 。 inthefrontof是 指 在 某 物 的 内 部 靠 前 的 的 方 。e.g.sitinthefrontoftheclassroom.指坐在教室前排的。sit in front of the classroom指坐在

37、教室前面教室外面的前面。It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moeysb. spend time on sth./in doing sth./sb. spend some money.花费时间 /金钱做某事二、句型。1、Is there a.句型 Eg:-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood.-Yes, there is. No.there isnt2、Where is.句型 Eg:-Where is the park,please.-It s behind the ban肯k.定回答 -I m s

38、orrydIon t know.否 定回答 3、Which is the way to + 的点 . 句型 .如: Which is the way to the library.4、How can I get to + 的点 .句型 .如:How can I get to the restaurant.5、Can you tell me the way to + 的点? /Could you please tell me.句型 .如: Can you tell me the way to the post office.6、Let me tell you the way to my hous

39、e.7、Just go straight and turn left.三、日常交际用语1、Is there a bank near here.Yes, there is .It s on Centre Street. /No, there isn t.2、Where s the supermarket. It s next to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.4、I hope you have a good trip.5 If you are hungry,you can buy food in the rest

40、aurant.6、Talk a walk though the park.7、I know you are arriving next Sunday.我知道你下周日要来。8、Time goes by./time goes quickly.时间消逝 /时间消逝得飞速Unit 9 What dose he look like.一、词组curly /short/straight/long hair卷短直发of medium height/builda little bit+ 形容词一点儿a pop singer 一位流行歌手 be popular with sb 在流行 notany more 不再

41、中等高度身体4 / 6学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -good-looking好看wear glasses戴眼镜 have a new look 出现新面貌the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长Nobody knows me 没有人熟悉我二、句型1) -What does he look like.- He s reallyshort. He h

42、as short hair./ He is of medium build. 2) Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five?3) -She has beautiful, long black hair.- I don t think he s so great .6) stop doingsth 表示停止正在干的事如:He stop listening-She never stops talking. stop to do sth 表示停下来去做某事如:He stops to listen.7I can go shopping and nob

43、ody knows me.8) -Is he tall or short. Hes of medium height.9) He has long straight brown hair.描述次序:外形大小(long/short) -年龄 -颜色 -国籍Unit 10 I d like some noodles.一、词组wouldlike+n/todo想要a large/medium/small bowl of 大 碗 / 中 碗 / 小 碗 what size 什 么 尺 寸orangejuice桔 汁greentea绿茶what kind of 表 示 . 的 种 类 a kind of

44、一 种 some kind of 许 多 种abowlofrice一碗M饭abottleoforangejuice一瓶桔子汁不可数threeoranges三个桔子可数somechicken一些鸡肉不可数 three chickens 三只小鸡 可数 gongbao chicken宫爆鸡丁mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐cut up 切碎cut down 砍下cut off切断cut out切掉 二、句型 ) What kind ofwould you like.你想要.) -What size bowlof noodles would you like.-Ilike a small bowlof noodles.) We have large ,medium, andsmallbowls.)Ilikedumplings,Idontlikenoodles.三 、 日 常 交 际 用 语 ) -CanIhelp

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