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1、人教版初一英语下册各单元学问点总结Unit 1 Can you play the guitar.一、 单词与词组Join: 表示“参与,加入”,此处指参与社团或组织,成为其中的成员；Join the army 参军 join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club参与体育 /音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部10 / 12play乐器类 +the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano非乐器类 + theplay soccer/ basketball/volleybal
2、l/football/tennis/badminton（英式足球 / 篮球 / 排球 /英式足球,美式橄榄球 /网球/羽毛球）Be good at+ sth./doing sth.善于做某事Be good with 与相处得好Be good to 对友好=be friendly to Be good for对有好处Like to do sth. 特指某一次的动作； like doing sth. 强调常常性的爱好； 两者都表示喜爱做某事,在仅仅表达“喜爱”时两者可以通用；Tell: Tell stories 讲故事 tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do st
3、h告. 诉某人某事 /不要做某事Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth帮.助某人做某事Help yourself/sb. to sth.把某物 特别是指食物 ,饮料等拿给自己 /某人cant help doing sth情.不自禁做某事Call at 用于打某人的电话 e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742Home:1.表示动态概念；意思是“回家”,“到家”；前面不加介词；这里的home是副词,表示目的地；e.g. 1When do you go home every day.你每天什么
4、时候回家？ 2He drives homeafter work. 他下班的开车回家； 3She often does some shopping on his way home. 她常常在回家途中买些东西；2.at home 表示静态概念；意思是“在家”；这里的home 是名词,表示详细地点；e.g. 1 Is she at home.她在家吗？ 2He left his book at home. 他把书放在家里了；Go home 回家 get home到家 at home 在家Also 也,而且；较正式,用于确定句,紧跟动词；e.g. I can speak English and I c
5、an also speak Chines我e. 能说英文也能说中文；也Too 多用于口语,放在句末； E.g. Me too.Either 多用于否定句,放在句末； E.g. He hasnt finished, either. 他也没有完成； Show sb. sth. /show sth. To sb.展现给某人看Show time 作秀时间,表演开头talk show 脱口秀（美国脱口秀节目）Unit 2 What time do you go to school.时间连词： when=while 当时 then 然后after that在那之后at+时间点 /sb. do sth. a
6、t about +时间点for breakfast/lunch/dinner睡觉 go to bed=go to sleep睡觉 take a tap 午休,小睡一会儿 反： get up 起床Time 表时间,不行数；表次数,可数；Some times几次 sometimes有时 some time一段时间 sometime某个时候系动词 It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来 /闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来（含被动意味,但不能用被动语态）tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like尝起来 /闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来
7、像 eitheror 二选一 neithernor 两者都不连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一样,即就近原就；e.g.Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里；Neither dad nor mum is at home today.今日父母都不在家；Here 引导的倒装句 表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是代词,不倒装 ； 表位置的副词放在句首时, 如主语是名词,要用全部倒装；e.g. Here it is.Here he comes.代 词不倒装 Here is your ticket.Her
8、e comes the bus（.名词倒装）关于时间的问法(1) 以 when 提问, “什 么时候 ”可 以是较长的时间段, 也可以是较短的时间点Whenisyourbirthday.你 的 生日 是什 么 时候 ？ MybirthdayisDec.29th.我 的 生 日 是12月29日 ；这里就是指一天的时间段Whendoyougohome.你几点回家？ Igohomeat4:30p.m.我下 午4： 30回 家 .这里when问的是具体的时间；(2) 具体几点我们通常用whattime提问 Whattimeisitnow.现 在 几 点 了 ？orWhats thetime.几 点 了
9、 ？It s9:26.现在九点二十六； Whattimeisitbyyourwatch.你 手 表 几 点 了 ？It s8:36.Oh,It s50minuteslate8:36 , 哦 , 它 慢 了 50分 钟 ；Whattimedoyougetup.你几点起床？I get up at 6:00 a.m.我早上 6 点起床；Unit 3 How do you get to school.many students是单指同学数量多,侧重数量many of the students是指同学中很多一部分,强调部分too 太1. too much 意为“太多”, +不行数名词 /+ 动词；e.g
10、.I had too much housework to do yesterday .昨天我有太多的家务活要干；She talks too much .她说话太多；much too 意思是“过分,太”,隐含了过分而不恰当之意,much too+ 形容词或副词,不 +动词；e.g.The question is much too difficult .这道题太难了；You re walking much too fast .你走得太快了；2. too to太而不能.e.g. You are never too young to study.同： sothat太以至于e.g.The river r
11、uns too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat.=The river runs so quickly that people cant row a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Don t eat in class.一、词组school rules 学校规章制度 break the rules违反规章制度 make the rules制定规章 . in the hallways 在过道 in the music room 在音乐教室里 in the dining hall
12、在餐厅be in bed 在床上be late for迟到listen to music 听音乐 wash my clothes洗衣服make dinner做饭have to do 不得不做too many+名词复数； too much +不行数名词“太多” by ten o clock 十点之前 on school nights 上学的晚上 on weekends在周末go to the childrens palace去少年宫after school 放学后sports shoes运动鞋 gym class 体育课二、句型(1) Don t arrive late for class.(2
13、) We can t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside. 3-What else do you have to do.- We have to clean the classroom. 4-Can we wear hats in school.- Yes, we can/ No, we can .t5-Do you have to wear a uniform at school.- Yes, we do /No, we don t.(6) What are the rules at your sc
14、hool.(7) 重难点精析：祈使句通常用来表示命令、恳求、禁止、建议、警告等语气；它的主语you听话人通常省略；其构成通常有以下几种形式；） Be 型（即系动词原型 be+表语其他）；如： Be quiet,please.否定句 Dont + be+表语+其他；如：Dontbe angry.） Do 型（即系动词原形宾语其他）；如： Open you books, please.否定句 Dont +实义动词原形 +宾语+其他；如： Don t eat in the classroom.） Let 型（即 Let+宾语+动词原形 +其他）如：Let me help you.Let s go a
15、t six o clock. 否定句一般在宾语后加 not；如： Let not watch TV.） No+V-ing 型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“） 如：No smoking.严禁吸烟！ No talking. 不许交谈！No passing.禁止通行！ No parking.不许停车！Must 与 have to 1.must表主观看法,主观上的必要have to 表客观需要e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病 得 很
16、 厉 害 , 我 只 得 半 夜 里 把 医 生 请 来 ； 客 观 上 需 要 做 这 件 事 He said that they must work hard.他说他们必需努力工作；（主观上要做这件事） 2.have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而 must 只有一种形式；3. 在否定结构中： dont have to 表示不必；mustnt 表示禁止；e.g. You dont have to needn t 没必要 tell him about it.你不肯定要把此事告知他；You mustnt （ can t 不能） tell him about it.你肯定不要把这件事告知他；On
17、 time 准时,按时； In time 准时,迟早e.g. We were just in time for to catch the bus.我们准时赶上了公车；The train pulled in on time.车准时到站；Unit 5 Why do you like pandas.一、词组want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth想要某人做某事want sth 想要某物Let sb do sth让某人做某事Kindkind of 有几分 种类 a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样的 =various of like to
18、do sth/like doing sth 喜爱做某事play with 与.一起玩during the day 在白天at night 在夜间二、句型与日常交际用语1、-why do you like pandas./ -Why dose he like koalas.-Because they kinrde of interesting.2、 Why do you want to see the lions. Because theyre 3、-Where are lions from.-Lions are from South Africa.4、-What other animals d
19、o you like.-I like elephants.5. This isa symbol of good luck. 的象征6. Have a good memory like an elephant.形容记忆力好7 .- How old are you.=Whats your age.I m ten years old./Im ten. 8.-Do you like giraffes.-Yes, I do. / No, I dontmake of 与 make from“由组成”make of 看得出原材料,物理变化； make from 看不出原材料,化学变化 ；e.g. We mu
20、st save trees and not by things made of ivory象 牙. The paper is made of wood.The other, others, another, othe的r 区分1.other 可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的（人或物）”；如：Do you have any other questions. 你仍有其他问题吗？Ask some other people.问问别人吧！ Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里；2.the other 指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用th
21、e other,不能用 another,此时的other 作代词；如： He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人；the other 后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词, 此时的 other 作形容词；如： On the other side of the street, there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一边,有一棵大树；Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多； He lives on the
22、 other side of the river.他住在河的对岸；3. others 是 other 的复数形式,泛指“另外几个”,“其余的”；在句中可作主语、宾语；如： Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜爱唱歌和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动；Give me some others, please.请给我别的东西吧！ There are no others.没有别的了；4. the others 意思是“其他东西,其余的人”；特指某一范畴内的“其他的（人或物）”；是 the other的复数形式；
23、如： Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里； the others=the other 复数名词,这在第 2 条中已经有所介绍；5. another=an other,既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物, 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词；如： I dont like this one. Please show me another我. 不喜爱这一个,请给我看看另一个； I have three daughters.
24、 One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.我有三个女儿；一个是护士,另一个是老师,仍有一个是工人；Let dso sth, let s=让le我t u们s 做 人称代词用宾格Lets 之后跟动词原形； Let s see the pan我da们. 看熊猫吧； Let s g我o. 们走吧！Unit 6 I m watching TV.一、词组do ones homework 做家庭作业watch TV 看电视 eat dinner 吃饭；就餐 clean the room打扫房间 talk on the phon
25、e电话谈天thanks for+n/doing 为某事感谢某人go shopping/swimming去购物/游泳at the pool 在游泳池 at school在学校 in the tree在树上read newspaper/a book看报纸看书write a letter 写信go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie看电影 take photos拍照wait for 等待；等候 TV show 电视节目talk about 谈论e.g. What are you talking about. some of 中的一些 a pho
26、to of my family 我的家庭照be with 和一起 with sb 和某人在一起in the first/last photo 在第一张 /最终一张照片二、句型与日常交际用语1.-What+be+主语+doing.正在做什么？-主语 be doing 正在做某事2.-Here are/is例：Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of my family.3.-Do you want to go to the movies.-Sure.4.-When do you want to go. -Let s go at seven.
27、5.-Where do people play basketball. -At school.6.-What s he waiting for-.He s waiting for a bus. 7.-What s he reading-.He s reading a newspaper.8. Can +do动词原形 可以e.g.You can see my family at home.三、语法现在进行时1) 现在在进行时的形式：助动词beam,is,are+动词-ing 形式（也叫现在分词）,表示现在（说话的瞬时）正在进行或发生的动作；2) 现在进行时的确定句形式：主语 +beam,is,a
28、re+动词现在分词 +其他例： I m watching TV.3) 现在进行时的否定句形式：主语 +beam,is,are+not+动词现在分词 +其他例： They are not playing soccer.4) 现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答： Isam,are+主语+动词现在分词 +其他. Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语 +isn t/aren t/am not.例： Are you reading. Yes,I am. No,I am not.5) 现在进行时的特别疑问句形式：特别疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词 +其他.例： What is your
29、brother doing.Unit 7 It s raning.一、词组play computer games打电子嬉戏lie on the beach躺在沙滩上play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球in this heat 在酷暑中in picture 在图片里on vacation度假 on the beach在海边around the world 世界各地 =all over the worldbe surprised at sth./sb对. 某人或某人感到惊奇be relaxed 放松 =feel relaxedhave a good time玩得很爽快in dif
30、ferent kind of weather 在不同的天气里thank sb fordoingsth由于某事而感谢某人some others 一些 另一些a group of people一群人look at sb doing/do sth看某人正在做某事 /做了某事（事情的全过程 ）everyone后只接人不跟 of, 相当于 everybody； every one后跟人或物,可跟 of；e.g. Everyone is here.每个人都在这；Every one of the students likes the teacher每.二、句型日常交际用语位同学都很喜爱这个老师；1-How
31、s the weather地+ 点 . -It s rainy. /It s cold and snowing.2-What s the weather like-T.he weather there is very hot.3-How s it goingwith sb.某人最近怎样； /How was your trip.-Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good.4Thanks you for joining CCTV s Around the Wo. rld show 5-Is Aunt Wang there. -Yes, she is/No, she
32、 isnt(6) There are many people here on vacation.(7) See you later./See you soon之. 后见/很快见(8) My phone isnt working. 我的电话坏了；Unit 8Is there a post office near there.一、词组post office 邮局 pay phone投币式公用电话next to 在.隔壁across from 在.对面 in front of 在.前面 between and 在.和.之间on a street 在街上 in the neighborhood在邻近
33、on the right/left 在右边在左边behind 在 后面 on Green street在格林街上near 在邻近go straight 始终走 go downalong沿着.走 welcome to 欢迎enjoy+名词/doing 喜爱做某事have fun 过得开心on one s right/left在某人的右边左边 turn right/left 向右左转take a walk 漫步 the way to去.的路let sb do sth让某人做某事take a taxi 打的乘出租车 go through.穿过.have a good trip 旅途开心 =have
34、a good time.玩的高兴,过得开心arrive at（小地方） /in（大地方）到达at the beginning of 在.开头的时候 at the end of在.终止的时候hope to do sth/that/for sth期望做某事 （不行以用 hope sb. to do sth）. help sb.to do sth./sb. sth.帮忙某人某事in front of 与 in the front of 的区分in front of 就是指在某物的前方； in the front of 是指在某物的内部靠前的地方； e.g. sit in the front of t
35、he classroom. 指 坐 在 教 室 前 排 的 ；sit in front of the classroom指坐在教室前面 教室外面的前面 ；It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moeysb. spend time on sth. /in doing sth./sb. spend some money.花费时间 /金钱做某事二、句型；1、Is there a.句型 Eg:8 / 12-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood.-Yes, there is. No.there isnt2、Wh
36、ere is .句型 Eg:-Where is the park,please.-It s behind the ban肯k.定 回答 -I m sorry I don t k否no定w回. 答 3、Which is the way to +地点. 句型.如： Which is the way to the library.4、How can I get to +地点.句型.如： How can I get to the restaurant.5、Can you tell me the way to +地点？ /Could you please tell me.句型.如： Can you te
37、ll me the way to the post office.6、Let me tell you the way to my house. 7、Just go straight and turn left.三、日常交际用语1、Is there a bank near here.Yes, there is .It s on Centre Street. /No, there 2、Where s the supermarket. It s next to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.4、I hope you h
38、ave a good trip.5If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant. 6、Talk a walk though the park.7、I know you are arriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要来；8、Time goes by./time goes quickly. 时间消逝 /时间消逝得飞速Unit 9 What dose he look like.一、词组curly /short/straight/long hair 卷短直发 of medium height/build 中等高度身体a
39、little bit+ 形容词一点儿 a pop singer一位流行歌手be popular with sb在流行 not any more不再good-looking好看 wear glasses 戴眼镜 have a new look出现新面貌the captain of the basketball team篮球队队长 Nobody knows me没有人熟悉我15 / 12二、句型1）-What does he look like.-He s really short. He has short ha/irH.e is of medium build.2）Do you know I
40、have a new friend in Class Five？ 3）-She has beautiful, long black hair.-I don t think he s so great .6) stop doingsth表示停止正在干的事 如: He stop listening-She never stops talking. stop to do sth表示停下来去做某事 如: He stops to listen.7) I can go shopping and nobody knows me.8) -Is he tall or short. Hes of medium h
41、eight.9) He has long straight brown hair.描述次序：外形大小（ long/short）-年龄-颜色-国籍Unit 10 I d like some nood.les一、词组 would like+ n/to do 想要 a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗 what size 什么尺寸 orange juice 桔汁 green tea绿茶 what kind of 表示 .的种类 a kind of 一种 some kind of 很多种 a bowl of rice 一碗 M 饭 a bottle of oran
42、ge juice 一瓶桔子汁 不行数 three oranges 三个桔子 可数 some chicken 一些鸡肉 不行数 three chickens 三只小鸡 可数gongbao chicken 宫爆鸡丁 mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐cut up 切碎 cut down 砍下 cut off 切断 cut out 切掉二、句型 ） What kind of would you like. 你想要 .） -What size bowl of noodles would you like. -I like a small bowl of noodles.） We have large ,me
43、dium, and small bowls. ） I like dumplings, I don t like noodles.三、日常交际用语 ） -Can I help you./ What can I do for you./May I take your order. -I d like some noodles. please.） -What kind of noodles would you like. -I d like mutton and potato noodles. Please. ） -Would youlikeacupofgreentea.-Yes, please.
44、/No, thanks would like 后面仍可以跟不定式 .即: A: would like to do sth.想要做某事 He would like to see you today. B:would like sb.to.do.sth. 想要某人做某事 What would you like me to do.If If 引导的条件状语从句 主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时；e.g. If he or she blows 从句 out all the candles in one go, the wish will（主句） come true.If it doesnt （从句）
45、 rain, we will （主句） play basketball.It it作形式主语；结构： it+beis/was+（ for sb.）+to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事怎么样e.g. Its getting more and more popular to have cake on your birthday.= It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday.Unit 11 How was you weekend.一、词组do some reading阅读 study for the math test预备（数学）考试have a party/ do some sports 做运动practice+n/doing练习what aout/ How about+n/doing做什么怎么样stay at home呆家里go to summer camp去夏令营 go shopping去购物go to the beach/pool去沙滩/游泳go to the mountains去爬山las