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1、Lesson 51 Lesson 51 Predicting the futurePredicting the future 1、notoriously adv.(尤指因坏事)总所周知地 notorious adj. be for -This place is for poverty. be famous for be well-known for 2、mainframe n.主机 mainboard 主板 monitor 显示器 memory 内存 CPU（Central Processing Unit） interface 界面 folder 文件夹 DOS 操作系统（Disk Opera
2、ting System） WWW. 万维网 （World Wide Web） 3、-ian librarian electrician musician mathematician 4、software n.软件 Microsoft design 杀毒软件 anti-virus hardware 5、multimedia adj.多媒体的 equipment multi- 多 multicultural 多种文化的 multilingual 多种语言的 multilateral 多边的 multinational 多国的 6、alternative adj. 选择的；非传统的 n.替换物 en
3、ergy 替代能源 lifestyle 另类的生活方式 混： alternate adj.轮流交替的 -He works on days . -他工作一天休息一天。 v.交替，轮流 with study with play 学会儿，玩会儿 7、diagnose v.诊断 as/ with as benign / malignant diagnosis n.诊断结果 8、relieve v. 1）减轻，减少 the pain/ stress/ burden sb. of pain /stress/ burden 2) 换班，换岗 ones duty/ post 解除职位 relief n. Te
4、xt: Q： What was the future electronic development that Leon Bagrit wasnt able to foresee? （L1）Predicting the future is notoriously difficult. Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers would be as common in peoples homes as TV sets? Text: （
5、L4） In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations. These were the so-called mainframe machines. Text: （L7）Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians a
6、nd run on specially-written software. Text: （L8）Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs. （L9）function 1）n.功能，作用 -Each part has a different . v.起作用，运转 -The drug help his heart to normally again.
7、adj. functional2)n.函数odds 3)宴会-He fall in love with her at the first sight at a social . （L9）PC （Personal Compute） “电脑”： home computer 家用 desktop 台式 laptop 笔记本 palmtop 掌上 penputer 笔触式 teleputer 电视电脑 （L10） In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA. It can properly be des
8、cribed as the first home computer and it pointed the way to the future. （L12） In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA. It can properly be described as the first home computer and it pointed the way to the future. This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machin
9、e called an Apple. （L12） In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the worlds first Personal Computer. This ran on an operating system called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft. The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied. giant adj.巨大的 n.巨人；才智超群的人 panda 大熊猫 -Franklin i
10、s a giant of man. -富兰克林是一位伟人。 同： enormous/ tremendous / immense （L14）From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today. （L14）humble adj. 谦逊的；卑贱的；v.使卑下 -The more noble the more humble. -结实愈丰者，其穗愈低。 In m
11、y opinion 依我愚见 -She was born of parentage. -她出身卑贱。 （L16）Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today. （L18）Bagrit dismissed the idea that comp
12、uters would learn to think for themselves and would rule the world, which people liked to believe in those days. （L19）Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative rout
13、es, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work. All these computer uses have become commonplace. commonplace adj.普通的 n.寻常的，平庸的东西 A occurrence 司空见惯的事 -Phones have become in early
14、years. common sense -She hasnt an ounce of . -她一点常识也没有。 make sense 有道理 -It would make sense to leave early. -早点离开是明智的。 - Can you make sense of this poem? -你看得懂这首诗吗? （L23）Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to c
15、ommunicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks. （L25）Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to. C
16、omputers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper. （L28）This is what makes Leon Bagrits predictions particularly remarkable. If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years. - (L23) Leon Bagrit co
17、uld not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet.-（L28-29) If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.虚拟语气中的情态动词 在非正真实条件句中，主句通常会用might，could，should等情态动词代替助动词would，强调一定的感情色彩。 1）表与现在事实相反，或将来发生可能性小。 “情v.+v.原” -If I were
18、 to see Mary, I might speak to her about it. 2)表与过去事实相反 “情v.+v.过去分词” -If I hadnt warned you , you could have been late for school. 众所周知，预测未来是非常困难的。举个例子吧，在20世纪70年代中叶又有谁能想得到在20世纪末的时候，家庭用的计算机会像电视机一样普遍？在70年代，计算机已经相当普及了，但只用在大公司，政府部门和大的组织之中，它们被称为主机。计算机主机确实很大，常常占据了装有空调的多间房间，雇用专职的技师，而且得用专门编写的软件才能运行。虽然这种大计算机
19、仍然存在，但它们的许多功能已被体积小但功能齐全的个人电脑即我们常说的PC机所代替了。1975年，美国推出了一台被称为“牛郎星”的原始机型。严格地说起来，它可以被称为第一台“家用电脑”，而且它也指了今后的方向。70年代末，在牛郎星之后又出现了一种被称为“苹果”的机型。80年代初，计算机行业的王牌公司美国国际商用机器公司（IBM）生产出了世界上第一台个人电脑。这种电脑采用了一种被称为磁盘操作系统（DOS）的工作程序，而这种程序是由当时规模不大的微软公司生产的。IBM的个人电脑被大规模地模仿。从那些简陋的初级阶段，我们看到了现在都已普及的、使用简便的家用电脑和多媒体的微机的发展。想一想这些发展的时间
20、多么短，就更觉得英国人莱昂.巴格瑞特有着非凡的能力。他在60年代就能预言我们今天知道的计算机的一些用途。巴格瑞特根本不接受计算机可以学会自己去“思考”和计算可以“统治世界”这种想法，而这种想法是当时的人们都愿意相信的。巴格瑞特预示有一天计算机可以小到拿在手上，计算机可以使办公室人员和会计免除那些枯燥、重复的劳动。计算机的所有这些功能现在都变得很平常。当然了，莱昂.巴格瑞特根本没有可能预测到国际交互网就是把计算机连结到电话线路上，以便和世界上任何一个地方的人立即进行联系的一个世界范围的通讯系统的发展。他也无法预测到我们可以利用国际交互网获取有关任何已知专题的信息，以便在家里的屏幕上阅读，如果愿意的话甚至可以将其打印出来。计算机已经变得体积越来越小，功能越来越多，价格越来越低，这就是莱昂.巴格瑞特的预测非凡的地方。如果他或是像他的什么人今天还活着的话，他大概可以告诉我们下一个50年后会发生什么事情。Thanks!